chapter 8 for students.docx

1、chapter 8 for studentsBusiness Essentials, 8e (Ebert/Griffin)Chapter 8 Employee Behavior and Motivation1) Performance behaviors contribute directly to company productivity. 2) Emotional intelligence does not play a role in employee personality. 3) Some people use the word morale instead of job satis

2、faction. 4) A psychological contract is a persons set of expectations regarding what he or she will contribute to the organization and what the organization will provide in return. 5) In terms of a psychological contract, inducements represent what employees will contribute to an organization. 6) Ac

3、cording to the classical theory of motivation, attention from the supervisor is more of a motivator than money. 7) According to Theory Y managers, employees are resistant to change and seek responsibility. 8) According to Maslow, needs are hierarchical because lower-level needs must be met before hi

4、gher-level needs. 9) Two-factor theory examines the relationship between effort and performance.10) According to expectancy theory, people are motivated to work toward rewards that they want and that they believe they have a reasonable chance of obtaining. 11) When people feel they are being inequit

5、ably treated, they are likely to ask for raises, increase their efforts, and work longer hours. 12) The essence behind management by objectives (MBO) is that performance goals are used to direct and motivate behavior. 13) Participation and empowerment work more effectively in large firms than in sma

6、ll firms. 14) Job rotation is a form of job enrichment. 15) With job rotation, conventional office space is redesigned to accommodate jobs that are less dependent on assigned spaces. 16) With job sharing, companies often experience increased turnover. 17) Under a flextime program, employees can choo

7、se their own work hours, within guidelines set by the employer. 18) Performance behaviors are always easy to assess. 19) The benefits of organizational citizenship are more indirect than the benefits of performance behaviors. 20) Empathy is a dimension of emotional intelligence. 21) High levels of j

8、ob satisfaction inevitably lead to higher levels of productivity. 22) If an employee senses inequity in the psychological contract, he/she may look for a better job elsewhere. 23) All organizations face the basic challenge of managing psychological contracts. 24) A good person-job fit is one in whic

9、h the employees contributions match the inducements the organization offers. 25) The researchers studying the Hawthorne Works concluded that productivity rose in response to almost any management action that workers interpreted as special attention. 26) McGregor argued that Theory Y managers are les

10、s likely to have satisfied, motivated employees. 27) According to Maslows hierarchy of needs, once a set of needs has been satisfied, it ceases to motivate behavior. 28) According to Maslow, a set of needs continues to motivate behavior even after the set of needs has been satisfied. 29) Individuals

11、 may satisfy social needs by making and maintaining friendships at work. 30) According to Herzbergs two-factor theory, managers should ensure hygiene factors are acceptable, then offer motivation factors as a means of improving satisfaction and motivation. 31) According to Herzbergs two-factor theor

12、y, people are motivated to work toward rewards that they want and that they believe they have a reasonable chance of obtaining. 32) Equity theory is based on the premise that workers prefer a workplace where all employees are paid equally. 33) Positive reinforcement is used when a company or manager

13、 provides a reward when employees exhibit desired behaviors.34) According to many experts, motivational impact is the biggest advantage of MBO. 35) The use of teams can increase motivation and job satisfaction.36) In a work-share program, employees work in teams to achieve goals. 37) Balancing anxie

14、ty, fear, and anger so that they do not overly interfere with getting things accomplished is a part of emotional intelligence. 38) According to research, emotional intelligence cannot be developed or learned.39) Organizational commitment reflects an individuals identification with the organization a

15、nd its mission.40) Individuals with high levels of organizational commitment are unlikely to overlook minor sources of dissatisfaction. 41) Among the new forms of inducements some companies are providing are additional training opportunities and increased flexibility in work schedules. 42) Following

16、 the Hawthorne studies, managers began to focus more on money and other tangible motivators in the workplace. 43) Hygiene factors affect motivation only if they are absent or fail to meet expectations. 44) Motivation factors are directly related to the work that employees perform; hygiene factors re

17、fer to the environment in which they work. 45) Even if hygiene factors have been satisfied, at least one motivation factor must be present for an employee to be motivated.46) Expectancy theory suggests that a student will study harder if she thinks there is a greater chance of getting an A. 47) For

18、an individual to feel equitably treated, his ratio of contribution to return must be the same as the other individuals ratio with whom he or she is comparing. 48) For an individual to feel equitably treated, her ratio of contribution to return must only be fair, not necessarily the same, when compar

19、ed with other individuals ratios. 49) MBO involves managers and subordinates in setting goals and evaluating progress.50) Job enrichment includes combining tasks, forming natural work groups, and establishing client relationships.51) _ is the pattern of actions by members of an organization that dir

20、ectly or indirectly influences the organizations effectiveness.A) Organizational citizenshipB) Employee behaviorC) Performance behaviorD) Counterproductive behavior52) _ are the total set of work-related behaviors that the organization expects employees to display.A) Organizational citizenshipB) Per

21、formance behaviorsC) Counterproductive behaviorsD) Employees behaviors53) _ is the positive behaviors that do not directly contribute to the bottom line.A) Performance behaviorB) Employee behaviorC) Counterproductive behaviorD) Organizational citizenship54) Counterproductive behaviors include all bu

22、t which of the following? A) absenteeism B) turnover C) theft D) emotionality 55) Which statement is true regarding individual differences? A) Individual differences vary from person to person. B) Individual differences among employees focus primarily on physical differences. C) Individual differenc

23、es among employees are not likely to be emotional. D) Individual differences are rarely physical. 56) Personality and attitudes are dimensions of _. A) emotional intelligence B) individual differences among employees C) agreeableness D) emotionality 57) Agreeableness, emotionality, and extroversion

24、are all part of _. A) EQ B) emotional intelligence C) personality D) attitude 58) _ refers to ones ability to get along with others.A) Self-awareness B) Managing emotions C) Empathy D) Agreeableness 59) Self-awareness, empathy, and social skills are all part of _. A) attitudes B) emotional intellige

25、nce C) personality D) self-esteem 60) _ refers to ones ability to understand how others feel. A) Self-awareness B) Managing emotions C) Empathy D) Agreeableness 61) Morale is sometimes referred to as _. A) job satisfaction B) agreeableness C) self-awareness D) organizational commitment 62) Another w

26、ord for job satisfaction is _. A) human relations B) job placement C) morale D) motivation 63) A(n) _ is the set of expectations held by employees concerning what they will contribute to an organization and what the organization will provide in return. A) psychological contract B) employee contract

27、C) inducement D) contribution 64) A good person-job fit is a situation in which _. A) the employees contributions and the companys inducements balance B) the employees contributions slightly exceed the companys inducements C) the companys inducements slightly exceed the employees contributions D) th

28、e person hired for the job is qualified for it 65) The set of forces that cause people to behave in certain ways is called _. A) morale B) satisfaction C) behavior modification D) motivation 66) According to which theory are workers motivated solely by money? A) behavior theory B) human relations th

29、eory C) two-factor theory D) classical theory 67) _ is the tendency for productivity to increase when workers believe they are receiving special attention from management.A) The Hawthorne effectB) Behavior modificationC) Positive reinforcementD) Expectancy68) Managers who subscribe to _ believe that

30、 people are naturally lazy and uncooperative and must be either punished or rewarded to be made productive. A) two-factor theory B) Theory Y C) Theory X D) equity theory 69) Managers who subscribe to _ believe that people are naturally energetic, growth-oriented, self-motivated, and interested in be

31、ing productive. A) scientific management B) Theory X C) Theory Y D) two-factor theory 70) Douglas believes that his employees are self-motivated and growth-oriented. He is a _ manager. A) classical B) Theory Y C) Theory X D) Hierarchical 71) According to which of the following theorists do job satisfaction and dissatisfaction depend on hygiene and motivation factors? A) McGregor B) Taylor C) Maslow D) Herzberg 72) Which of the following theories suggest that people are motivated to work toward rewards that they want and that they believe they