英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题.docx

英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题.docx

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英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题

2014年12月英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题

（1）

It'sTimetoPayAttentiontoSleep

　　A．Afterbeingdiagnosedwithbrainandlungcancerin2011,LynnMitchell,68,wasaveragingaboutanhourofsolidsleepanight．Stressedabouthertreatments,shewaspayingforitinhoursoflostsleep．

　　B．Thebraincancerwasalreadyaffectinghermobility--Mitchellwasoftendizzyandwouldloseherbalance--butthelackofsleepmadethingsworse．Evenwalkingbecameincreasinglydifficult．

Exhaustedinthemornings,shewaspracticallyincoherent（精神恍惚）．Whenherdoctorsrecommendsheseeasleeptherapist,Mitchellwasrelievedathowbenignitsoundedincomparisontothechemotherapy（化学疗法）shehadundergoneandthegenetherapytrialshewasundergoing,whichhadsideeffectslikenauseaandfatigue．

　　C．Foraboutnineweeks,Mitchellworkedwiththesleeptherapisttoadjusthersleephabits．Shewenttobedonlywhenshewasextremelyfired．ShequitwatchingTVinbed．Shestoppeddrinkingcaffeinated（含咖啡因的）coffeeintheevening．Shealsolearnedbreathingexercisestorelaxandhelpherfallasleep．Itwasallquitesimpleandcommonsense,andmostimportantly,noninvasiveanddidn'trequiretakinganypills．

　　D．"It'scommonknowledgethatsleepisneededfordaytodayfunction,"saysDr．DavidRapoport,directoroftheSleepMedicineProgramatNYUSchoolofMedicine．"Whatisn'tcommonknowledgeisthatitreallymatters--it'snotjustcosmetic．"Rapoporthaslongseenpeopleseeksleeptherapybecausethey'rechronicallyfiredorsufferingfrominsomnia,butanincreasingnumberofpatientsarebeingreferredtohiscenterforcommondiseases,disorders,andmentalhealth．

　　E．Researchershaveknownforsometimethatsleepiscriticalforweightmaintenanceandhormonebalance．Andtoolittlesleepislinkedtoeverythingfromdiabetes（糖尿病）toheartdiseasetodepression．Recently,mountingevidenceindicatesthatsleepplaysaroleinnearlyeveryaspectofhealth．Beyondchronicillnesses,achild'sbehavioralproblemsatschoolcouldberootedinmildsleepapnea（呼吸暂停）．AndstudieshaveshownchildrenwithADHD（注意力缺陷多动症）aremorelikelytogetinsufficientsleep．ArecentstudypublishedinthejournalSLEEPfoundalinkbetweenoldermenwithpoorsleepqualityandcognitivedecline．Anotherstudyshowssleepisessentialinearlychildhoodfordevelopment,learning,andtheformationandretentionofmemories．

　　F．Buttomanyofus,sleepiseasilysacrificed,especiallysincelackofitisn'tseenaslifethreatening．Overtime,sleepdeprivationcanhaveseriousconsequences,butwemostlysacrificeanightofsleephereandthere,andalwayssaythatwe'll"catchup．"Luckily,itispossibletomakeupforsleepdebt（thoughitcantakeaverylongtime）,butmostAmericansarestillchronicallysleepdeprived．

　　G．Whiledietandexercisehavebeenapartofpublichealthmessagingfordecades,doctorsandhealthadvocatesarenowbeginningtoarguethatgettingqualitysleepmaybejustasimportantforoverallhealth．"Sleepisprobablyeasiertochangethandietorexercise,"saysDr．MichaelGrandner,asleepresearcherattheUniversityofPennsylvania．"Itmayalsogiveyoumoreofanimmediaterewardifithelpsyougetthroughyourday．"Sleepexpertsclaimthatitisoneofthetopthree,andsometimesthemost,importantlifestyleadjustmentsonecanmake,inadditiontodietandexercise．Andwhilethere'smoreevidencelinkingdietandexerciseasinfluentialhealthfactors,sleepisprobablymoreimportantintermsofbrainandhormonalfunction．"Amongasmallgroupofsleepresearchers,it'salwaysbeensaidthateating,exercise,andsleeparethethreepillarsofhealth,"saysDr．Rapoport．

　　H．Inourincreasinglyprofessionalanddigitallives,carvingouttimeforsleepisnotonlyincreasinglydifficult,butalsomorenecessary．Usingtechnologybeforebedstimulatesusandinterfereswithoursleep,yet95%ofAmericansusesometypeofelectronicslikeacomputer,TV,orcellphoneatleastafewnightsaweekwithinthehourbeforewegotobed,accordingtoa2011NationalSleepFoundationsurvey．"Manydoctors,lawyers,andexecutivesstayuplateandgetupearlyandbumthecandleatbothends,"saysDr．RichardLang,chairofPreventativeMedicineattheClevelandClinic．"Makingsuretheypayattentiontosleepinthesamewaytheypayattentiontodietandexerciseiscrucial．"

　　I．Tosome,sleephasbecomeapowerfulcuretomentalhealth．AriannaHuffington,presidentandeditor-in-chiefoftheHuffingtonPostMediaGroup,advocatesthatsleepisthesecrettosuccess,happiness,andpeakperformance．Afterpassingoutafewyearsagofromexhaustionandcrackingacheekboneagainstherdesk,Huffingtonhasbecomesomethingofasleepevangelist（传道者）．Ina2010TEDWomenconference,Huffingtonsaid,"Thewaytoamoreproductive,moreinspired,morejoyfullifeisgettingenoughsleep．"Researchlinkinghigh-qualitysleepwithbettermentalhealthisgrowing;a2013studyfoundthattreatingdepressedpatientsforinsomniacandoubletheirlikelihoodofovercomingthedisorder．

　　J．While70%ofphysiciansagreethatinadequatesleepisamajorhealthproblem,only43%counseltheirpatientsonthebenefitsofadequatesleep．Butthere'sgrowingpressureonprimarycarephysicianstoaddress,andevenprescribe,sleepduringroutinecheck-ups．InarecentstudypublishedinthejournalTheLancetDiabetes&Endocrinology,theresearchersconcludedthathealthprofessionalsshouldprescribesleeptopreventandtreatmetabolicdisorderslikeobesityanddiabetes．

　　K．Ontheotherhand,overlookingsleepasamajorhealthissuecanalsohavedeadlyconsequences．ItwasrecentlyreportedthattheoperatoroftheMetro-NorthtrainthatderailedinNewYorklastyear,killingfourpeopleandinjuringmorethan70,hadanundiagnosedcaseofsleepapnea．

　　L．Sleeptherapiescanrangefromsimplylearningnewlifestylebehaviorstopromotesleep,tofiguringouthowtopositiononeselfinbed．Moredrasticmeasuresinvolvesurgerytoopenupanairwaypassageforpeoplesufferingfromdisorderslikesleepapnea．Sleepingpillscanbeprescribedtoo,togetmuchneededrest,butsleeptherapiststendtofavorotherapproachesbecauseofpossibledependenciesdeveloping．

　　M．Alargepartofreapingthebenefitsofsleepisknownwhenyou'renotgettingtherightamount．Accordingtoa2013Gallupsurvey,40%ofAmericansgetlessthantherecommendedseventoeighthoursanight．Whilethetypicalpersonstilllogsabout6．8hoursofsleeppernight,that'sadropfromthe7．9Americansweregettinginthe1940s．

　　N．Whenitcomestoadequatesleep,it'smuchmorepersonalizedthanpreviouslythought．Somepeoplefeelgreatonfivehoursofrest,whileothersneedten．Thebestwaytodetermineifyou'regettingtherightamount,doctorssay,istofindouthowmanyhoursofsleepyouneedtobeabletowakeupwithoutanalarmandfeelrested,refreshed,andenergeticthroughouttheday．

　　O．Sincereforminghersleephabits,Mitchellhasbeenclockinguptosevenhoursofshuteyeanight forthepasttwomonths．"I'malertinthemorning,mybalanceisbetter,andIfeelmoreenergetic,"saysMitchell．Gettingenoughsleephashelpedherbetterdealwithhercancers,anditssymptoms．Thebestnewsisthatsherecentlyfoundoutthatherbraintumorisshrinking,andtherearefewercancerousspotsonherlungs．

46．AccordingtoRapoport, peoplefailtofullyrealizetheimportanceofsleep．

47．Theamountoftimeforanadequatesleepactuallyvariesfrompersontoperson,andthusreliesonpersonaljudgment．

48．Thepositiveroleofsleeptherapyintreatingdepressionindicatesthatsleepalsocontributestomentalhealth．

49．Comparedtothesleeptherapy,theothertherapiesthatMitchellhastogothroughhavesomenegativesideeffects．

50．NowworkandelectronicproductsmayplayaroleindeprivingAmericansoftimeforsleep．

51．Mitchellhasbenefitedmuchfromsleeptherapyinthefightagainstherbrainandlungcancers．

52．Amongthevariousmethodsinsleeptherapy,sleepingpillsareusuallythelastchoicebyhealthprofessionals．

53．Itisrecommendedthatphysiciansshouldadoptsleepasawaytopreventortreatsomeillnesses．

54．Itisnowarguedthathigh-qualitysleepisnolessimportantthandietandexerciseinaffectinghealth．

55．Recentstudiesshowthatsleepisrelatedtothebehavioralproblemsofthekidsandthecognitiveabilitiesoftheold．

2014年12月英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题

（2）

 ProtectingStudentPrivacyintheDataAge

　　A． InKentucky,parents,educatorsandpolicymakerscantrackhowmanystudentsfromahighschoolgotocollege,andoncetheyarethere,howmanyrequireremedialclasses（补习班）．Massachusettsisoneofseveralstateswithanearlywarningindicatorsystem,whichnotifiesschoolofficialswhenstudentsappeartobeatriskfordroppingoutofhighschool．AndinGeorgia,teacherscaneasilyaccessyearsoftestscores,class,gradesandattendanceratesforanystudent．

　　B． Studentdataadvocatesarguethatusedcorrectlydata，includingstudentattendance,testscoresanddemographics（人口统计）,canenricheducation．Teacherscanbetterpersonalizeinstructionforstudents,principalscanviewtheacademicrecordsofstudentswhomoveacrossschooldistrictsandparentscandeterminewhetherachildisontrackforcollege,tonamejustafewexamples．

　　C． Butthatpromisecomeswiththreatstostudents"privacy．Parentshaveexpressedconcernsthatifteachershaveeasyaccesstostudents'entireacademichistories,theymightwriteoffthosewithpoorrecords,orthatstudentinformationmightfallintothehandsofsexualpredators（侵害者）．Thoseconcernshaveledtoheat