时态.docx
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时态
时态
1.时态的种类(谓语动词以do为例)
现在
过去
将来
一般时
Do/does
did
Will/shalldo;Betodo
Beaboutto;Begoingto
进行时
Bedoing
Was/Weredoing
Will/shallbedoing
完成时
Havedone
Haddone
Will/shallhavedone
完成进行时
Have/hasbeendoing
Hadbeendoing
Will/shallhavebeendoing
过去将来时
Would/shoulddo;wereto/aboutto/goingtodo
一、一般现在时态
1.表示现在经常性和习惯性的动作,常与频率副词连用。
Eg:
heoftengotothecinema
2.表示现在的情况、状态、能力、特征、职业等
Eg:
heisillhesingwell
3.表示客观真理、科学事实、格言等
Eg:
theearthrunsaroundthesun
Wherethereisawillthereisaway
=thosewhohadtheaspiringintothings
Strikewhiletheironishot
4.用一般现在时态表示将来的含义。
1)主句是将来时态或表示将来意义,时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句须用一般现在时表将来.
Eg:
ifIhavetime,Iwillcallyou
Whetheryouhelphimornot,hewillfial
2)用于the+比较级…..,the+比较级
Eg:
themoreyouexercise,thethinneryouwillbecome
3)当主句是将来时,定语从句中用一般现在时表将来。
Eg:
Iwillgiveyouanythingthatyouaskfor
4)按计划、时间表、安排要发生的事情,用一般现在时表将来。
Eg:
thetrainleavesat12:
00
5)在makesure/certain(弄清楚)、mind(注意)、watch(注意)、takecare(注意,当心)、becareful(注意,当心)等后的that从句中用一般现在时表将来。
Eg:
wemustmakesurethatthedoorislock
6)在itdoesnotmatter、Idon’tmind等后用一般现在时态表示将来
Eg:
Idon’tmindwhetherthematchwinorlose
7)主句是将来完成时态,从句有bythetime所引导的从句用一般现在时表将来.
Eg:
bythetimehecomes,Iwillhaveleft
但是当主句是过去完成时态,从句有bythetime所引导的从句用一般过去时)
Eg:
bythetimehecame,Ihadleft
二、一般过去时态
1.表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作,可与usedto连用。
Eg:
weoftenwenttothecinema,whenwewerechildren
2.表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,常与过去的时间状语连用。
Eg:
Iboughtacomputerlastyear
3.用于某些特殊的句型中,itistime…..,Iwish…..,Iwouldrather….,
ifonly……,asif…..,asthough…..等
eg:
itistimewestartedIwishIknewhisname
三、一般将来时态
谓语的形式:
begoingtodo;beabouttodo;betodo;will/shalldo
1.表示准备做的、将要发生的、按计划安排要发生的事情。
Eg:
Iamgoingtotianjingtomorrow
Begoingto的用法:
表示有迹象要发生的事情;计划好的;主观的意图。
Thedarkcloudymeansitisgoingtorain.
四、现在完成时态
谓语动词的形式:
havedone
1.表示发生在过去的动作对现在有影响
Eg:
theglasseshasbroken
2.表示动作发生在过去,一直持续到现在,可能还会继续下去。
Eg:
shehasbeenillforaweek
3.since+过去时间,或者since+that从句(从句用一般过去时态)
Eg:
Ihavenotseenhersincelastweek/sincetwodaysago/fortwodays
4.句中有sofar、for+一段时间、uptonow、untilnow、in(for/during)thepastyears(months….)
Eg:
Ihavebeenbackfortwodays
5.It/this/thatisthe+序数词(first/second…)time/+onlythat从句
It/this/thatisthe+最高级+that从句
That从句中的未未谓语动词用现在完成时,如果把前面is变成was则that从句后面的谓语动词用过去完成时
ItisthefirsttimethatIhaveseensobeautifulgirl
ItisthemostbeautifulgirlthatIhaveseen
注意:
come、go、leave、arrive、begin、start、become、getup、join等短暂动词不能与for+一段时间连用。
这些词用于进行时态时表示将来的含义。
Iamgoingtoseeyou
havebeento表示去过某地(已经回来)
havegoneto表示去某地了(还没有回来)
IhavebeentoBeijingIhavegonetoBeijing
五、过去完成时态
谓语动词的形式:
haddone
1.表示在过去某个时间点以前就完成的动作,即过去的过去。
Eg:
hehadleft,whenwearrived
2.want/think/hope/plan/mean/expect/intend/suppose等动词的过去完成时+不定式的一般式(等于这些动词的一般过去式后接不定式的完成式),表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算、想法等
Eg:
Ihadintendedtospeakatthemeeting,buttimedidn’tpermit.
=Iintendedtohavespokenatthemeeting,buttimedidn’tpermit.
3.bythetime+一般过去式,主句中谓语用过去完成时
Eg:
Bythetimehecameback,wehadrepairedthemachine.
4.It/this/thatwasthe+序数词(first/second…)time/+onlythat从句
It/this/thatwasthe+最高级+that从句
That从句后面用过去完成时态
Eg:
itwasthefirsttimethatIhadeatenthiskindofcandy
5.by(theendof)+过去时间,句中谓语动词用过去完成时
Eg:
wehadlearnt5000wordsbytheendoflastterm.
六、将来完成时态
谓语动词形式:
will/shallhavedone
1.表示就某一时间点之前完成的动作,并对将来的某一时间产生影响。
Eg:
Iwillhavefinishedthetaskbytheendofthisweek
七、现在进行时态
谓语动词词的形式:
bedoing
1.表示正在进行的动作
Eg:
IamwatchingTV
2.现在进行时态表示将来,表示按计划要发生的动作
Eg:
wearegettingmarriednextweek
3.现在进行时态与always/forever/constantly/continuously等连用,表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩。
Eg:
sheisalwayshelpingothers
八、过去进行时态
谓语动词的形式:
was/weredoing
1.表示过去某一时间正在做某事
Eg:
Iwasstudyingthistimeyesterdayevening
九、将来进行时态
谓语动词的形式:
will/shallbedoing
1.表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作
Eg:
whenIgethometomorrow,mysonwillbewatchingTV
2.表示计划、安排要发生的动作
Eg:
IwillbevisitingLondonnextmonth
十、现在完成进行时态
谓语动词的形式:
have/hasbeendoing
1.表示以前的一段时间一直在进行的动作,该动作可能继续,可能已经完成。
Eg:
ithasbeenrainingsincetwodaysago
十一、过去完成进行时态
谓语动词的形式:
hadbeendoing
1.表示过去的某一时间以前一直在进行的动作。
必须有一个过去的时间点作为对照。
Eg:
thetelephonehadbeenringingforfourminutesbeforeitwasanswered.
十二、将来完成进行时态
谓语动词的形式:
will/shallhavebeendoing
1.表示将来某一时间以前一直在进行的动作
Eg:
Ishallhavebeendoingworkingasateacherfortenyearsbytheendofthisyear
总结:
其实完成进行时态只是更加强调完成时态的动作在一直的延续,不间断的进行。
将来各时态的谓语动词的形式是在现在各同名时态前加上will/shall
十三、过去将来时态
谓语动词的形式:
would/shoulddo;was/weregoingtodo;was/weretodo;was/wereabouttodo
1.表示在过去某一个时间打算要做的事情。
Eg:
heinformedusthetrainwastoleaveatsix
答案:
1~5DADBD 6~10BBCAD
11~15ACDCB 16~20AAACA
21~25DCBAB 26~30ACCAC
31~35BADCC 36~40CBBAD
41~45DDBBA 46~50ACBDB
51~55BCBBC5 56~60ACDBD
英语动词时态专项练习
英语中的时态和语态具有灵活多变的特点,因此找出隐含于上下文中的时间信息,正确认定动作行为所发生的时间是解题的关键。
做动词时态和语态填空题时,常常按以下几个步骤:
(1)注意题干所提供的信息,如语境、情景以及说话人的情感;
(2)根据句中的时间状语以及一些副词判断时态;(3)考虑语态;(4)考虑时态的一致性。
另外,复习时,还要涉及到短暂性动词与延续性动词,这两个概念一定要搞清。
短暂性动词用于进行时态和完成时态都要受到限制。
1.Youhaven’tsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?
I’msorryI____anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkit’sprettyonyou.
A.wasn’tsaying B.don’tsay
C.won’tsay D.didn’tsay
2.IwonderwhyJenny____usrecently.Weshouldhaveheardfromherbynow.
A.hasn’twritten B.doesn’twrite
C.won’twrite D.hadn’twritten
3.—Whenwillyoucometoseeme,Dad?
—Iwillgotoseeyouwhenyou___thetrainingcourse.
A.willhavefinished B.willfinish
C.arefinishing D.finish
4.—Howlong________atthisjob?
—Since1990.
A.wereyouemployed B.haveyoubeenemployed
C.hadyoubeenemployed D.willyoubeemployed
5.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasium________inBeijing.
A.wouldbecompleted B.wasbeingcompleted
C.hasbeencompleted D.hadbeencompleted
6.Thelittlegirl____herheartoutbecauseshe____hertoybearandbelievedshewasn’tevergoingtofindit.
A.hadcried;lost B.cried;hadlost
C.hascried;haslost D.cries;haslost
7.—Excuseme,sir.Wouldyoudomeafavor?
—Ofcourse.Whatisit?
—I_____ifyoucouldtellmehowtofilloutthisform.
A.hadwondered B.waswondering
C.wouldwonder D.didwonder
8.HewillhavelearnedEnglishforeightyearsbythetimehe____fromtheuniversitynextyear.
A.willgraduate B.willhavegraduated
C.graduates D.istograduate
9.Ifeelitisyourhusbandwho____forthespoiledchild.
A.istoblame B.isgoingtoblame
C.istobeblame D.shouldblame
10.Hehasbeenwritingthecompositionthewholemorningandhestill________.
A.hasbeen B.does C.has D.is
11.Ifcitynoises________fromincreasing,people________shouttobeheardevenatthedinnertable20yearsfromnow.
A.arenotkept;willhaveto B.arenotkept;haveto
C.donotkeep;willhaveto D.donotkeep;haveto
12.Theprice________,butIdoubtwhetheritwillremainso.
A.wentdown B.willgodown
C.hasgonedown D.wasgoingdown
13.—Howlong________eachotherbeforethey________married?
—Foraboutayear.
A.havetheyknown;get B.didtheyknow;get
C.dotheyknow;aregoingtoget D.hadtheyknown;got
14.Youcan’tmoveinrightnow.Thehouse________.
A.haspainted B.ispainted
C.isbeingpainted D.ispainting
15.—Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!
—Oh,I’mterriblysorry.________.
A.I’mnotnoticing B.Iwasn’tnoticing
C.Ihaven’tnoticed D.Idon’tnotice
16.ThereportersaidthattheUFO________easttowestwhenhesawit.
A.wastraveling B.traveled
C.hadbeentraveling D.wastotravel
17.—Isthisraincoatyours?
—No,mine________therebehindthedoor.
A.ishanging B.hashang C.hangs D.hang
18.Iturnedaroundandsaweverybody________atamanwho________loudlyinaforeignlanguage.
A.wasstaring;wasshouting B.wasstaring;shouting
C.staring;shouting D.stared;shouted
19.Henryremainedsilentforamoment.He________.
A.thought B.hadthought
C.wasthinking D.wasthought
20.Wewouldliketogoandthankhimourselves,butwe________outhisaddressyet,
A.haven’tfound B.hadn’tfound
C.didn’tfind D.don’tfind
21.Shirley________abookaboutChinalastyearbutIdon’tknowwhethershehasfinished.
A.haswritten B.wrote
C.hadwritten D.waswriting
22.—Haveyougotyourtestresult?
—Notyet.Thepapers________.
A.arenotcorrectingB.havenotcorrected
C.arestillbeingcorrectedD.havealreadybeencorrected
23.Seetheclouds!
It________rain!
A.will B.isgoingto C.must D.certainly
24.DoIhavetotakethismedicine?
It________soterrible.
A.tastes B.istasting C.istasted D.hastasted
25.Don’ttakethemagazineaway.It________me.
A.isbelongedto B.belongsto
C.wasbelongedto D.isbelongingto
26.Isthisthethirdtimethatyou________late?
A.havebeen B.am C.was D.hadbeen
27.—DoyouknowwhenTom________fromabroad?
—Perhapsitwillbealongtimebeforehe________.
A.willcome;willcome B.comes;willcome
C.willcome;comes D.comes;comes
28.MyunclesaidthathewouldtelephonebutI________fromhimsofar.
A.didn’thear B.hadn’theard
C.haven’theard D.won’thear
29.Thetelephone________fourtimesinthelasthour,andeachtimeit________formyroommate.
A.hasrung;was B.hasbeenringing;is
C.hadrung;was D.rang;hasbeen
30.Astorm________byacalm.
A.isoftenbeingfollowed B.wasoften