届高考英语任务型阅读专题训练含答案.docx

届高考英语任务型阅读专题训练含答案.docx

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届高考英语任务型阅读专题训练含答案

2020届高考英语任务型阅读专题训练（含答案）

（名师精选试题，值得下载练习）

第五部分：

任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

请认真阅读下面的短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意：

请将答案写在答题卷上相应题号的横线上，每个空格只填一个单词。

Whentimesaretough,howshouldgovernmentsinpoorcountriesensuretheircitizensremainfed?

Inthepast,mostofthemusedsubsidies（现金补助）tokeepfoodpriceslowforalltheircitizens.Butthesepolicieshavebecomeineffective:

thecostofmaintainingEgypt'sfoodsubsidies,forinstance,nearlydoubledbetween2009and2013.Andmuchofthemoneygoestothewrongpeople.InEgyptandthePhilippineslessthan20%ofspendingonfoodsubsidiesgoestopoorhouseholds.IntheMiddleEastandNorthAfricaonly35%ofsubsidiesreach40%ofthepoorest,theIMFnotes.

Motivatedbyadesiretocontrolgrowingbudgetdeficits（赤字），manycountriesarereplacingbroadsubsidieswithpoliciesaimedmoredirectlyattheneedy.Butwhatformshouldthetargetedaidtake?

EarlierthismonthIranintroducedfreehandoutsoffoodtoreplaceitssubsidymethod.Othercountries,suchasIndonesiaandMalaysia,havechoseninsteadtoprovideextracashbenefitstothepoor.Sofar,foodvouchers（代金券）havebeentheleastpopularoption.ProposalstointroducefoodvouchersinsuchcountriesasMalaysiahavebeenrejectedonthebasisthattheyweretooAmericanandun-Asian.

However,theresearchersattheInternationalFoodPolicyResearchInstitute（（IFPRI））thoughtthatmighthavebeenamistakeandanalyzedtheresultsofanexperimentconductedbytheWorldFoodProgrammeinEcuador,aSouthAmericancountry,in2011,whichcomparedhandoutsoffood,cashandvouchersintheexperiment.Thestudyfoundthatdirecthandouts—Iran'snewpolicy一weretheleasteffectiveoption.Theycostthreetimesasmuchasvoucherstopromotecalorieintakeby15%,andwerefourtimesascostlyasawayofincreasingdietarydiversityandquality.Distributioncostswerehigh,andwastagewasalsoaproblem.Only63%ofthefoodgivenawaywasactuallyeaten,while83%ofthecashwasspentonfoodand99%ofthevoucherswereexchangedasintended.FoodhandoutshavealsobeenthecostliestoptioninsimilarprojectsinsomeAfricancountries,accordingtoJohnHoddinottatIFPRI.

InEcuadortherewaslittledifferenceincostbetweenhandingoutcashandfoodvouchers,theothertwooptions.Butfoodvoucherswerebetteratencouragingpeopletobuyhealthierfoodsbecauseofrestrictionsonwhatitemscouldbeexchangedforthem.Itwas25%cheapertopromotethequalityofhouseholdnutritionusingfoodvouchersthanitwasbyhandingoutcash.

Aswitchfromuniversalsubsidiestovoucherscouldbethemostefficientwayofpromotinghealthaswellasrelievingpoverty.Thisisverynecessaryinmanydevelopingcountries,accordingtoLynnBrown,aconsultantfortheWorldBank.

Topic

Feedingexpectations:

Whyfoodvouchersareapolicy71consideration

indevelopingcountries?

Aimofuniversalsubsidies

To72forthecitizensinpoorcountries.

Analysesofthreepolicies

Cash

•Itkeepsfoodpriceslowforallcitizens.

•Itisnot73inthelongterm:

*Thecostkeepsincreasing.

*Muchofthemoneydoesn'treachthosereallyin74.

Handoutsoffood

•Thefoodcanreachtheneedy75.

•Theycosttwicemorethanvoucherstopromotecalorieintake.

•Alotofthefoodhandedoutiswasted,thus76amatterofwastage.

Foodvouchers

•Theyworkbetterwhenit77toencouragingpeopletobuyhealthier

foods.

•78withhandingoutcash,usingfoodvoucherscostsmuchless.

•TheyaretooAmericanandun-Asian.

Conclusion

It'sa79tousevouchersinmanydevelopingcountriesbecauseitnot

onlyhelpsto80povertybutalsopromoteshealthmostefficiently.

第五部分任务型阅读

71.worth/deserving72.provide73.effective74.need75.directly

76.es78.Compared79.Necessity/must80.relieve

本篇任务型难度不大，大部分题目都能在文中找到原词，只有少部分题目需要进行总结。

第71题 本题最后一道做，是标题题。

看完全文的内容后我们知道，foodvouchers是最合理最划算的政策，因此它值得发展中国家去考虑，所以答案填写worth/deserving。

第72题 文中第一段“howshouldgovernmentsinpoorcountriesensuretheircitizensremainfed”所以universalsubsidies的目的是“ensuretheircitizensremainfed”所以这里同义替换成“provideforthecitizeninpoorcountries”这里主要受到for的限制，所以答案选择provide。

 第73题 文中原文Butthesepolicieshavebecomeineffective因此此处把ineffective替换成noteffective，答案填effective。

第74题 文中原文Andmuchofthemoneygoestothewrongpeople.和下文的另一个提示aimedmoredirectlyattheneedy。

Needy与此处inneed形成同义替换，因此答案填need。

第75题 原词重现，manycountriesarereplacingbroadsubsidieswithpoliciesaimedmoredirectlyattheneedy.此处填写directly 

第76题 第76题在第三段中出现“Distributioncostswerehigh,andwastagewasalsoaproblem.”因此一大部分食物被浪费导致了巨大的浪费问题。

因此需要一个链接前后句的承接词，由题意我们选择causing。

第77题 文中原文”Butfoodvoucherswerebetteratencouragingpeopletobuyhealthierfoodsbecauseofrestrictionsonwhatitemscouldbeexchangedforthem”因此当鼓励人们去买健康食物的时候foodvouchers效果很好。

所以答案此处填写comes。

Whenitcomesto表示当xxx的时候。

第78题 原文Itwas25%cheapertopromotethequalityofhouseholdnutritionusingfoodvouchersthanitwasbyhandingoutcash.所以handingoutcash和foodvoucher相比更加贵。

因为这里涉及百分比所以是一个比较。

所以答案填写Compared。

第79题 couldbethemostefficientwayofpromotingheathaswellasrelievingpoverty.This verynecessaryinmanydevelopingcountries.这句话给出了79和80两题的答案。

所以79是填写necessity。

第80题填写relieve。

都是原词重现

 第80题relieve分析见上题。

第四部分任务型阅读（共10题，每题1分，共10分）

Goingbrokeinyourgoldenyearsiscommonplace,lastsalongtimeandisascariernightmarethananyHalloweenhorrorfilm.Butbychanginghabitsanddoingsomesmartplanning,youcanavoidthatterror.

Herearemysuggestions:

Cheaperhousing

Cuttingbig,unnecessaryexpensesisabetterplacetostart.

Formany,thebestsavingstrickisleavingabigcity.Housing,restaurants,groceriesandbasicservicestypicallygetcheaperthefartheryougetfromametropolitancenter.

InSeattle,forexample,athree-bedroomhomecancost$1millionormore,accordingtoZillow.InnearbyDuvall,Washington,yougetthathouseplusaniceyardforhalfamillionorless.Rentingathree-bedroomSeattlepadtypicallycosts$3,500amonthormore.Inthesuburbs?

Try$2,200.That’sover$15,000inannualsavings.

Lookuphousingcostsinanymajorcityanditssuburbs.You’llseesimilartrends.InCalifornia,yougetmoreforyourbuckinSanRamonthaninSanFrancisco.SantaClaritaishugelymoreaffordablethanLosAngeles.

RoundRock,Texas,beatsAustin.GardenCity,NewYork,beatsManhattan.Movefartherout,totrueruralAmerica,andyoucancuthousingcostsbyhalfagain,easy.

Can’tgiveupurbanliving?

Considermovingtoacheapermetroarea.

AccordingtoSmartAsset’sanalysis,a$1millionretirementfundlastsjust10.5yearsinManhattan.SanFranciscoisnearlyasbad,just12.7years.

Butinsomebigcities,yourbuckstretchesfurther.InDenver,your$1millionsavingscouldlast21years.WestCoastersmightalsotryPhoenix,where$1millionlastsover25years.

Cutentertainmentspending

Ifyoudon’twanttoleavefamily,friendsorcommunity,thereisanotherbig,easywaytosave:

Slashentertainmentspending.Fewfolksfullyunderstandwhattheywasteunconsciously.It’sestimatedthatpeopleaged65to74spend$5,832annuallyonplay.Foracouple,that’saround$11,000.Onereasonitgetsoutofhand?

Inretirement,youjumpfromoneortwoleisuredaysaweektoseven.

Butthereisalotoffreeandcheapfun.ConsideryourlocalShakespeareintheParkinsteadofspendinghundredsfor“Hamilton”tickets.Havepicnicsorexperimentyourwaythroughanewcookbookinsteadofeatingoutregularly.WhilewatchingTV,makesureyouactuallyuseservicesyousubscribeto.Manysubscribetothings（streaming,gyms,wholesaleretailers,etc.）theyrarelyuse.

Rethinkyouroldbudget

Centraltoallthis:

Plantochangeyourhabits,whichcanbecomeourrealHalloweengoblins.Humansarehabitualcreatures,andourroutineskeepusspendingthewaywedidbefore.

Justasimportantasavoidingoldroutinesissettingabudget.Thensticktoit.Keeprecordsofyourspending.Holdyourselfaccountable.Don’tforgettoplanfortheunexpected!

Manyfolksforgettofactorinwiggleroomforcarorhomemaintenance.

Budgetingandpenny-pinchingmaynotsoundfun.Butitbeatstheterrifyingmiseryofgoingbrokeinoldage.Alittleplanninggoesalongwaylater.

Title:

Threetipstoavoidterrorof___76___outofmoneyinretirement

Tip1:

Reducehousingexpenses

Housingexpensesdiffergreatlybecauseofdifferent___77___ofthehouses.

◇Thefartheryouareawayfromametropolitancenter,thesmalleryourexpensesare.

◇Housingcostsarehigherinanymajorcitythanhousingcostsinitssuburbs.Forexample,you’llspend___78___ifyouchoosetoliveinManhattanratherthaninGardenCity,NewYork.

◇A$1millionretirementfundcan___79___outtwicelongerinDenverthaninManhattan.

Tip2:

Spendlessonentertainment

Freeandcheapfunhelps.

◇Onereasonwhyretiredfolkscan’t___80___theamountofmoneyonentertainmentisthattheyhave7days’freetimeeveryweekwhiletheyhadonlyoneortwoleisuredayswhentheywere___81___.Thatmeanstheyhavemoreopportunitiestospendtheirmoney.

◇Avoid___82___totheTVservicesthatyouseldomuse.

Tip3:

Think___83___aboutyouroldbudget

Avoidingoldroutinesandsettingabudgetareofthesameimportance.

◇It’simportanttomake___84___toyouroldroutines.

◇Put___85___somemoneyforunexpectedthings,suchastheexpensestomaintainyourcarandhome.

第四部分任务型阅读（共10题，每题1分，共10分）

76.running77.locations78.more79.hold/last

80.control81.working/employed82.subscribing83.again/twice

84.changes/adjustments85.Aside

第五部分短文填空（共10题，每题0.5分，共5分）

Asasayinggoes,timefliessoquickly.Weareinthelastyea