牛津译林版M5U3 Science and nature词汇题目专项梳理.docx
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牛津译林版M5U3Scienceandnature词汇题目专项梳理
M5U3Scienceandnature词汇题目专项梳理
【知识梳理】
一,词汇查漏补缺
accurate准确的,精确的
acre英亩
actual真实的,实际的
adopt收养,领养;采纳
agriculture农业
anxiety忧虑,焦虑
be/getburntout耗尽体力
breakthrough突破
brief短时间的,短暂的;简洁的
catastrophe灾难,灾祸
cell小隔间;电池
chain系列;一连串
channel水道;航道
clone克隆
concept概念;观念
conduct实施;指挥乐队
confirm证实,证明;使确信
consequence结果,后果
consideration仔细考虑;体谅
take..intoconsideration认真考虑
crime罪,罪行
★embryo胚胎
exact精确的,准确的
favour:
赞同,支持;帮助;偏爱
infavourof赞同,支持
fellow男子,家伙;同事
followinone'sfootsteps效仿某人
foodchain食物链
forsale供出售,待销售
frighten使惊吓,使惊恐
geneticallymodified转基因的
goat山羊
harvest收割(庄稼);收获
hunger饥饿;饥荒
income收入,收益
insert插入,嵌入
intention意图,目的;企图
judgement判断力;看法,评价;判决
legal:
法律许可的,合法的
majority多数,大多数
★mammalI哺乳动物
★modify修改,调整
nutrition营养
ontheonehand.ontheotherhand..-方面…
另一方面…
ordinary普通的,一般的
original原来的,起初的;首创的
permission准许,许可,批准
pest害虫
physician医师;内科医生
pointofview观点
profession职业,行业
profit利润,收益
publicrelations
公共关系
pushaheadwith义无反顾地进行
radiation辐射,放射线
rainforest雨林
real-life真实的
relation关系;亲戚
reliable可信赖的,可依靠的
★resource资源
resource资源
saleswoman女售货员
summary总结;概括,概要
tasty美味的,可口的
tissue(生物的)组织;纸巾
toywith戏弄,摆弄
transform使改变外观或性质
二,词汇用法梳理
(1)intentionn.意图,目的,企图
intendv打算;想要
withtheintentionof带着…的目的
Wecomeherewiththeintentionoflearningknowledge.
辨析:
intention,intent
intention仅表示有意做某事,不强调有明确的计划。
intent比起intention,有更为明确的计划。
intent是正式用语,语气较强。
(2)anxietyn.优虑,焦虑,不安;渴望
anxiousadj.焦虑的;担忧的
anxiouslyadv.不安地;焦虑地
in/withanxiety焦虑地
Shemusthavewonderedwithanxietyandstartedtoanalyzethewholething.
她一定在焦虑中琢磨了很久并开始分析起整件事情来。
辨析:
anxiety,worry
worry指由于问题、环境及人而从内心深处产生的“不安,焦虑;烦恼”。
anxiety常指由于没有获得某物而引起的不安。
(3)adoptv采纳;接受;收养
adoptionn.采取,收养
adoptiveadj.收养了(孩子等)的
adoptedadj.被领养的,被采用的
Youcannotunderstandmypointofview.Icouldnotpossiblyadoptyours.
你不理解我的观点。
我也许不能接受你的观点。
(4)consequencen.结果,后果
consequentadj随之发生的;作为结果的
inconsequence/asaconsequence因此,结果
inconsequenceof/asaconsequenceof因为
InconsequenceofyourbadworkIamforcedtodismissyou.
由于你的工作很糟,我不得不把你解雇。
(5)majorityn.多数,大多数
inthemajority占大多数
themajorityof多数的
【要点】当themajorityof后接单数名词做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
当themajorityof后接复数名词做主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
IthinkthemajorityofAmericansagreewiththat.
我想大多数美国人是同意这一点的。
Themajorityofthedamageiseasytorepair.
这次的大部分损害容易补教。
(6)summaryn.总结,概括,概要
summarizev.总结;概括
makeasummaryof对……做总结
insummary总之,概括起来
Hemadeasummaryofwhathadbeendone.
他对已做之事进行了总结。
(7)ordinaryadj普通的,一般的
intheordinaryway在一般情况下,就通常情况而言
outoftheordinary(way)不寻常的,例外,特殊的
Hernewhouseiscertainlyoutoftheordinary.
的新居真是不同凡响。
(8)belief(beliefs)n.信念;信心;信仰
believev.相信;认为;信任
believableadj.可信的
believern.信徒
beyondbelief难以置信的;不可思议的
tothebestofone'sbelief据某人所知;在某人看来
inthebeliefthat相信…
Tothebestofmybeliefsheisstilllivingthere.
我所知,她还住在那儿。
(9)favourn恩惠;偏爱;赞同;善行
favouriteadj,喜爱的n特别喜爱的人(或物)
askafavourofsh.请某人帮忙
dosb.afavour帮某人的忙;给某人以恩惠
infavourof赞成;支持
outoffavour失宠;不受欢迎
【要点】favour表示“赞成”时是不可数名词,表示“思惠;善行”时是可数名词。
Domeafavourandclosethetwowindows.帮个忙把这两扇窗关上。
ThatisthereasonwhyIamnotinfavouroffellowrevisingtheplan.
这就是我不费成修改计划的原因。
(10)frightenv.使惊恐;吓唬
frightn.惊恐;恐吓
frighteningadj.令人惊吓的;恐怖的
frightfuladj.可怕的;骇人的
frightenedadj.害怕的;受惊的;受恐吓的
frightenaway吓跑,吓走
frightensbfrom吓得……不敢做
frightensb.intodoingsth.恐吓某人做某事,吓唬
【词汇练习】
(A组)
一,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.Iknowhimwell.Itrusthis_________(judge).
2.The______(origin)settlersaretheIndians.
3.Heenviesherthepositionshehasachievedinher_________(professor).
4.Thetwocountrieshavemaintainedfriendly__________(relate)formanyyears.
5.Thishasmadeitnecessaryfor________(agricultural)andindustrytodevelopveryquickly.
6.Hemadea______(summarize)ofwhathadbeendone.
7.Youshouldtakequalityinto________(consider).
8.Hissilencethrewouthisreal_______(intend).
9.Ifyoucommita________(criminal),youmustexpecttobepunished.
10.Poorpeopleinmanypartsoftheworldsufferfromconstant_______(hungry).
【答案】1.judgement2.original3.profession4.relations5.agriculture6.summary
7.consideration8.intention9.crime10.hunger
二,根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词,并注意所填单词的适当形式
1.Seeyourp_________todeterminethebesttreatmentplanforyou.
2.Buttherearemanychallengeswhenwetrytot_______amovieintoacomicbook.
3.Aftercarefulconsideration,theyweredeterminedtop______aheadwiththedeal.
4.ManyEuropeansusuallyworryaboutthequalityofthethingsfors_______onTV.
5.Thelargestm______,alsothelargestanimalthateverlivedonEarthisthebluewhale.
6.Theresultsofthisstudyc_______thepreviousstudy.
7.Them_______ofhisbooksarekeptupstairs.
8.Asmallbabyhasnoc_______ofrightandwrong.
9.I’vegotano________sortofcar,nothingspecial.
10.Thiscountryisrichinnaturalr__________.
11.Increased_______(焦虑)hasprobablycausedyoutolosesomeofyourpatience.
12.Myfatheris_______(苏格兰的),butmymotherisEnglish,theyarebothBritish.
13.Suchamistakewouldleadtoterrible_______(后果).
14.The__________(女营业员)intheshopisalwayseagertopleaseeverybody.
15.Youarenotyettwentyone;itwouldnotbe_________(合法的)toconsumealcoholonthe
premisesandcouldattractpoliceattention.
16.Hisarticlewas__________(简短的)andforceful.
17.Wereyoutryingtogrowa___________(雨林)inthedesert?
18.Ihavetodevotepartofmy________(收入)torepayingmydebts.
19.Scientistshavemadea_________(突破)intheirtreatmentofthatdisease.
20.Manychildlesscouples___________(领养)children.
【答案】1.physician2.transform3.push4.sale5.mammal6.confirmed7.majority
8.concept9.ordinary10.resources11.anxiety12.Scottish13.consequences14.saleswoman15.legal16.brief17.rainforest18.income19.breakthrough20.adopt
三,根据所给短语填空,并注意所填短语的适当形式
toywith;pushaheadwith;forsale;onapersonalnote;getburntout;followin;take...intoconsideration;infavourof;pointofview;withtheintentionof;ontheotherhand;publicrelations;foodchain;commenton;inagreementwith
1.AfriendofhismotherstookhimtoQinhuangdao________makingmoney.
2.___________,IamveryluckythatIhavebeenenjoyingaverygoodrelationshipwithmy
parents.
3.Somestudentsare__________ofmysuggestion,butothersareagainstit.
4.Hemadeuphismindto_____________economicreform.
5.Yourteacherwill________yourrecentillness________whenjudgingyourexaminationresults
6.Shewasjust__________herfood,asifshewasn'treallyhungry.
7.Ifyoudoonething,makesureyouheareveryoneandrespecttheir___________.
8.Bill___________inthefirstpartoftheraceandcouldnotfinish.
9.Sheworksintheatre,_______herfather’sfootsteps.
10.Thathouseis__________.Ithascentralheating.
11.Thedevelopmentofmoralityis_____________thedevelopmentofsocialhistory.
12.TheWhiteHousehadno________thereports.
13.Wehumansareatthetopofthe___________.
14.___________isascienceandartofmanagement.
15.OntheonehandI'dlikeajobwhichpaysmore,but________________IenjoytheworkI'mdoingatthemoment.
【答案】1.withtheintentionof2.Onapersonalnote3.infavourof4.pushaheadwith
5.takeintoconsideration6.toyingwith7.pointof8.gotburntout9.followingin10.forsale
11.inagreementwith12.commenton13.foodchain14.PublicRelations15.ontheotherhand
(B组)
1.(2016江西)Startingyourownbusinesscouldbeawaytoachievingfinancialindependence.
____________,itcouldjustputyouindebt.
A.InotherwordsB.AllinallC.AsaresultD.Ontheotherhand
2.(2017北京)Experimentsofthiskind___________inboththeU.S.andEuropewellbeforetheSecondWorldWar.
A.haveconducted
B.havebeenconducted
C.hadconducted
D.hadbeenconducted
3.(2018浙江)Ihavebeenconvincedthattheprintmediaareusuallymore________andmorereliablethantelevision.
A.accurateB.ridiculousC.urgentD.shallow
【答案】1.D考查介词短语。
inotherwords换句话说,allinall总而言之,asaresult结果,ontheotherhand另一方面。
题干谈及的是创业利与弊的两个方面的内容。
故选用D
2.D考查时态语态。
根据时间状语beforetheSecondWorldWar确定用过去完成时,主语
experiments和conduct存在被动关系,所以用过去完成时的被动语态
3.A考查形容词accurate精确的;ridiculous荒唐的;urgent紧急的;shallow肤浅的。
句
意:
我认为印刷媒体比电视更精确、更可靠。
(C组)
单项选择
1.Thepatientissupposedtogotohospitalfor________checks.
A.commonB.normalC.ordinaryD.usual
2.Distancelearningisbeing___________inseveralcountriestohelpstudentsinremoteruralschoolsobtainhighereducation.
A.attended
B.adopted
C.adapt
D.admitted
3.Enoughhasbeensaid,_______,giveyourselfadreamatfirst,thenenjoythewaytorealizethe
dream.
A.Ofcourse
B.Inaddition
C.Insummary
D.Forawhile
4.Youngwomenare______themajority________thefashionindustry.
A.in;onB.of;forC.in:
inD.on;in
5.Thegirlwasnot________herparent’sopinionanddeterminedtomarrytheyoungmanshefell
inlovewith.
A.bymeansof
B.regardlessof
C.dueto
D.infavourof
6.Thestrongearthquakelastedoverthreeminutes._______,mostofthebuildingsinthecityfell
down.
A.Asaconsequence
B.Ontheotherhand
C.Asamatteroffact
D.Onthecontrary
7.Modernformsoftransportationandcommunicationhavedonemuchto________theisolation(隔离)oflifeinAlaska.
A.breakdown
B.breakout
C.breakinto
D.breakthrough
8.Iboughtthisdress__________for¥35;itusedtobe¥85.
A.forsale
B.onsale
C.atsale
D.insale
9.Theywentintothetownwiththe_______ofvisitingthefamouslibrary.
A.anxiety
B.intention
C.consequence
D.view
10.Alargesumofmoneyhasbeenraisedforthe_______ofthepoorly-educatedchildreninthemountainousareas.
A.profitB.favourC.advantageD.