备战中考英语完型填空的解题思路与步骤典型试题41页.docx
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备战中考英语完型填空的解题思路与步骤典型试题41页
备战2021年中考英语完型填空的解题思路与步骤典型试题
1.完形填空的做题误区
很多同学说，他们做完形填空时，往往采用“翻译法和代入法”，即做题时翻译文章内容，感觉哪个合适选哪个，看看划横线处有没有一些固定搭配，然后作选择或者填空。
其实这样做是很危险的：
1在实际考试中，翻译很容易受母语影响，进行错误选择；
2并不是所谓固定搭配一定是正确选项，完形填空是考查单词在语境中的运用。
如果这个搭配或短语是不符合语篇、段落逻辑的，即便是固定说法，也是不合适的，在阅卷的时候这样的答案一定是错误的。
2.考查重点及解题思路
（1）纵观这几年中考真题、一模、二模试卷，以及一些学校的月考、期中、期末试卷发现，完形填空重点考查单词，短语在句子、段落、篇章中的含义，而并非单词本身的“认知”含义。
这就为什么一些同学其实单词量并不缺乏，但完形却得分率不高的原因。
（2）解题思路
1.首句重点读首句很多情况是topicsentence（主题句），告诉你文章的背景和主旨。
首句一般不设空，如果首句设空，请重点读后面的例子，例子里面会提供线索。
现在很多考题都是用后面的例子印证首句。
2.重点关注例子与例子之间的关系几个例子联合起来都是去证明本文中心的，但例子与例子有时候会有正反对比或者是平行关系。
3.选词请重视“具体表达”、“最佳适用原则”
4.选词之场景原则
5.平行原则的运用
3、解题步骤
做题前：
先花1~2分钟时间通读全文，大致了解文章的体裁（记叙文、议论文或其他）、主要文章内容、几个段落及每段的首尾句、是否有小标题和项目符号（这个往往是该段的主题句）。
做题时：
逐个击破，做到通读与猜测并行。
对含义明显的词汇，固定搭配或习惯用法，常用句式等纯知识问题，可以边读边随时猜测出答案。
针对在通读过程中未能轻易猜测出答案的题目，利用上下文中、字里行间的线索猜测出答案。
此外，首句和小标题要重点读，充分体会文章论证结构，灵活使用技巧（例子与例子的关系，例子与中心句的关系、平行关系等等），注意逻辑对应，指代清晰。
特别提醒大家，绝对避免见空填空（即看到一个空格，直接看选项进行选择），这样很危险，失误率会大大增加。
再次强调，完形填空强调单词、短语在语境（句子层面，段落层面，篇章层面）的应用。
请填第一格词，务必读到第二格，很多时候两格之间出题者往往给了很多暗示和线索，依次类推。
做题后：
请重读全文1-2遍，确保单词在该句语法、语义、语境中都适用如果发现个别填空使文章文理不通或语法结构有问题，就说明选答不正确。
对这样的填空应该认真推敲，进行调整。
可以从以下几个方面对所选答案进行核查：
（1）所选择的单词或短语是否符合本句内容，使上下文连贯和谐，与全文意义相协调；
（2）所选择的单词或短语是否符合某种固定搭配；
（3）所选择的单词或短语是否符合某种句型、时态、语态的特殊要求；
（4）所选词本身和附近的词有无特殊要求，如有些动词后面只接动名词而不能接不定式
习题练习
一、完形填空实战演练十篇
1.完形填空
Oncetherewasafatherandason.Theywereill-tempered（坏脾气的）andnevergavewayto1.
Onedaythefather2toasksomefriendstodinnerinhishouse.He3hissontobuysomemeatintown.Whenthesonwalkedtothetowngate,amanwascomingfromtheoutside.Thegate（大门）wasn't4enoughtolettwomeninandoutatthesametime.Butneitherof5wouldgivewaytotheother.Theystoodstraightfacetofaceinsidethegatehourafterhour.Butthefatherwasworried.“WhatshallIdo?
Mysonhasn't6yet.Ican'twaitanymore.”Hewantedtoknowwhatwasthe7withhisson.Sohelefthisfriendsathome,andwenttotown 8 hisson.
“Youmayfirsttakethe9homeformyfriends.Letme10hereagainsthiminstead.”hesaidtohissonwhenheknewwhathadhappened.
1.A.one
B.another
C.other
D.others
2.A.decided
B.decides
C.decide
D.decision
3.A.hope
B.told
C.let
D.tells
4.A.long
B.wide
C.high
D.tall
5.A.their
B.they
C.them
D.theirs
6.A.gone
B.bought
C.returned
D.been
7.A.wrong
B.accident
C.thing
D.matter
8.A.tolookfor
B.lookedfor
C.tofind
D.found
9.A.meat
B.dinner
C.bread
D.money
10.A.stood
B.stands
C.stand
D.standing
2.
Itwasinautumn.Ayoungwomanwasill.She1 inthehospital.Therewasatree 2 herroom.Shesawtheleavesfalldown.Dayafterday,therewerelessandlessleavesonthetree.Thewomanwasvery3.Shedidn'twanttoeatordrink,andshedidn'twanttotalk.Thedoctoraskedherto 4 andtakeawalk.Shewouldn’tdothat.Shebecameworsedaybyday.Onedayshesaid,“Whenthelastleaffallsdown,Iwilldie, 5 .”
Anoldartistknewthat.Hedecidedtohelpthiswoman.Onenight,allyellow 6 felldown.Theartistpaintedagreenandyellowleaf,thenputitinthetree.Thenextmorning, 7 thewomanlookedoutofthewindowandsawthelastleaf,shewasfilledwith8 .Shewantedtobealive.Shedidn’twanttofalldownlikeotherleaves.Fromthenon,shebecame9 andlivedalongtime.
Don't 10 yourhopeatanytime.
1.A.played
B.stayed
C.studied
D.worked
2.A.outside
B.inside
C.from
D.from
3.A.glad
B.relaxed
C.sad
D.interested
4.A.fallasleep
B.getready
C.hurryup
D.getup
5.A.too
B.also
C.either
D.neither
6.A.flowers
B.plants
C.leaves
D.trees
7.A.if
B.before
C.until
D.when
8.A.hope
B.dream
C.interest
D.happiness
9.A.worseandworse
B.betterandbetter
C.harderandharder
D.thinnerandthinner
10.A.giveout
B.givein
C.giveup
D.giveaway
3.完形填空
MyuncleJohnusedtoliveinabeautifullittlehousebytheseainAtlanticCity.Isayhe"usedto"livethere1 hedoesn'tlivethereanymore.Hewaskilledtwoyearsago.He2livingtherebeforehedied.Hehad$60millioninthebank.
AfterUncleJohn'sdeath,Icametostayinhishouseforawhile.IhadbeentherefortwodayswhenI3amessageonthescreenoftheoldcomputer.Iwasverysurprised,becauseIthoughtthecomputerhadbeen4.hemessagesaid,"Youhavenew5!
"WhenIreadit,Ithoughtitlookedlikethe6ofanovel."Thislooksinteresting."Ithought,"Itmustbe7oneofUncleJohn'sfriends."IdecidedIshouldmakeananswertothee-mailtotellhimorherthatUncleJohnwas8.However,thecomputerwouldnotletme9.
Everydayforthenextthreeweeks,moree-mailskeptarriving.Iprinted10ofallofthem.ThestorywasaboutJaneWinterbourne,ayoungwriterworkingonherfirstnovel.ShesenthernoveltoJackTanner,anoldwriterandaskedhimto11hertopublishit.However,hecheatedher,andpublishedthenovelhimself-pretendingthathehad12it.Thenovelwasvery13.Tannermadealotofmoney,andboughthimselfahousebytheseainAtlanticCity.ItwasthenthatIrealizedthat"JackTanner"and"JaneWinterbourne"were14names."Jack"was15 tobeUncleJohn.
1.A.so
B.because
C.though
D.once
2.A.lost
B.finished
C.changed
D.enjoyed
3.A.sent
B.noticed
C.read
D.typed
4.A.brokendown
B.turnedoff
C.soldout
D.putaway
5.A.information
B.post
C.mail
D.business
6.A.picture
B.story
C.end
D.beginning
7.A.like
B.about
C.from
D.to
8.A.dead
B.sick
C.out
D.busy
9.A.play
B.reply
C.watch
D.stop
10.A.copies
B.pieces
C.parts
D.covers
11.A.teach
B.help
C.show
D.refuse
12.A.missed
B.corrected
C.written
D.bought
13.A.new
B.expensive
C.important
D.successful
14.A.false
B.true
C.long
D.beautiful
15.A.pointed
B.spelt
C.meant
D.called
4. 阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
PatriciaisapianistandmusicteacherinCalifornia.Shewantedto1moneyformusicscholarshipsatherlocalcommunitycollege.Onedayshehadanidea.Shethought，"I'mgoingtoridemy2acrosstheUnitedStatethissummer.I'mgoingtoaskpeopletogivemoney3 everymileIride."Shetalkedtothepeopleinthecommunityabout4idea.Theyalllikedtheideaandstronglysupportedher.Soshefeltvery5forit.
Patriciajoinedaboutfortyother6whowereallfromCalifornia.Theybeganthelong7 acrosstheUSinAstoria，Oregon.Patriciawentupanddownhugehills.Shesawbeautifulcountrysideand8friendlypeople.9therewereproblems，too.The10wassometimesveryhot，windyorcold.Patriciawastiredandsoreeverynight.
Onedayshe11anaccident.She12herbikeandhertoeswerebadlyhurt.Butshecontinuedtoride.Sheovercamemanydifficultiesandspenttwo13onthewholeride.Sheraisedmorethan$10，000formusicscholarship.Patriciawashappyand14ofit.Shedidit!
Peopledon't15herwhenshetellsthemherage.Patricialooksveryyoungand actsveryyoung.Canyouimaginethatsheis67yearsold?
The67-year-oldwomanrodeacrosstheUSinsixtydays!
1.A.make
B.borrow
C.use
D.save
2.A.car
B.bus
C.bike
D.plane
3.A.on
B.for
C.with
D.from
4.A.my
B.his
C.her
D.your
5.A.sorry
B.worried
C.excited
D.comfortable
6.A.riders
B.drivers
C.players
D.writers
7.A.life
B.trip
C.holiday
D.distance
8.A.met
B.made
C.told
D.found
9.A.So
B.But
C.And
D.Then
10.A.weather
B.journey
C.environment
D.temperature
11.A.had
B.saw
C.took
D.happened
12.A.gotoff
B.setoff
C.wentoff
D.felloff
13.A.days
B.weeks
C.months
D.years
14.A.shy
B.proud
C.shame
D.serious
15.A.understood
B.accept
C.thank
D.believe
5.完型填空
OurnewEnglishteacher,Mr.Whitearrivedtoday.He'sAmerican.Hesmilesalotandhe'sfriendlybuthespeaksvery1.It'sdifficulttounderstandhiswords.Healsoexpectsus2 hard,andspeakEnglishallthetimeinourEnglishlessons.
3 thefirstclass,Mr.Whiteintroducedhimself,andshowedusphotosofhisfamily.He4 abigfamily,twobrothersandasister.Hisbrothersall5 him.Theyareverytall,andtheyhavedarkhair,butonebrotherhas6 beard.Hissisterisslim,andshehasfairhair.Theyweresmilinginallofthephotosandlookfriendly.
ThenhetoldusaboutAmericaandAmericans.HeshowedushowAmericanssay,"Hi.Howareyoudoing?
"and7 whentheymeetpeople.Weallpracticed.Thatwasfun.AndhealsotoldusthatAmericansarecheerful,8 people.Theysmilealotandareusuallyfriendly9 Americansthinkit'spolitetobefriendly.
Attheendofthelesson,weallsaid"Goodbye","Seeyousoon"toeveryone.Englishlessons10 goingtobeenjoyable!
1.A.fast
B.faster
C.slow
D.slower
2.A.study
B.tostudy
C.studying
D.studies
3.A.On
B.At
C.By
D.During
4.A.hasgot
B.got
C.getting
D.hadgot
5.A.lookslike
B.lookthesame
C.looklike
D.looksthesame
6.A.a
B.an
C.the
D./
7.A.shakehand
B.shakehands
C.shakeahand
D.shakethehand
8.A.loving
B.lovely
C.living
D.lively
9.A.so
B.and
C.because
D.but
10.A.are
B.is
C.was
D.were
6.通读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后在各小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案。
Onemorningafoxwassearchingforhisbreakfast.Hewentdowntothelaketo1somefish.Suddenlyhesawarabbitdiggingaholeonthebankofthelakeanddecidedtoeatitinstead.Notwantingtherabbittodiscoverhim,thefoxmoved2towardshismeal.Ashegotcloser,hesteppedonsomedryleaves.Therabbitthen3infear.Whenhesa
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