汉堡规则.docx

汉堡规则.docx

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汉堡规则

联合国海上货物运输公约（汉堡规则）

THESTATESPARTIESTOTHISCONVENTION,HAVINGRECOGNIZED

thedesirabilityofdeterminingbyagreementcertainrulesrelatingtothecarriageofgoodsbysea,HAVEDECIDEDtoconcludeaConventionforthispurposeandhavetheretoagreedasfollows:

PARTI

GENERALPROVISIONS

Article1

Definitions

InthisConvention:

1."Carrier"meansanypersonbywhomorinwhosenameacontractofcarriageofgoodsbyseahasbeenconcludedwithashipper.

2."Actualcarrier"meansanypersontowhomtheperformanceofthecarriageofthegoods,orofpartofthecarriage,hasbeenentrustedbythecarrier,andincludesanyotherpersontowhomsuchperformancehasbeenentrusted.

3."Shipper"meansanypersonbywhomorinwhosenameoronwhosebehalfacontractofcarriageofgoodsbyseahasbeenconcludedwithacarrier,oranypersonbywhomorinwhosenameoronwhosebehalfthegoodsareactuallydeliveredtothecarrierinrelationtothecontractofcarriagebysea.

4."Consignee"meansthepersonentitledtotakedeliveryofthegoods.

5."Goods"includesliveanimals;wherethegoodsareconsolidatedinacontainer,palletorsimilararticleoftransportorwheretheyarepacked,"goods"includessucharticleoftransportorpackagingifsuppliedbytheshipper.

6."Contractofcarriagebysea"meansanycontractwherebythecarrierundertakesagainstpaymentoffreighttocarrygoodsbyseafromoneporttoanother;however,acontractwhichinvolvescarriagebyseaandalsocarriagebysomeothermeansisdeemedtobeacontractofcarriagebyseaforthepurposesofthisConventiononlyinsofarasitrelatestothecarriagebysea.

7."Billoflading"meansadocumentwhichevidencesacontractofcarriagebyseaandthetakingoverorloadingofthegoodsbythecarrier,andbywhichthecarrierundertakestodeliverthegoodsagainstsurrenderofthedocument.Aprovisioninthedocumentthatthegoodsaretobedeliveredtotheorderofanamedperson,ortoorder,ortobearer,constitutessuchanundertaking.

8."Writing"includes,interalia,telegramandtelex.

Article2

Scopeofapplication

1.TheprovisionsofthisConventionareapplicabletoallcontractsofcarriagebyseabetweentwodifferentStates,if:

（a）theportofloadingasprovidedforinthecontractofcarriagebyseaislocatedinaContractingState,or

（b）theportofdischargeasprovidedforinthecontractofcarriagebyseaislocatedinaContractingState,or

（C）oneoftheoptionalportsofdischargeprovidedforinthecontractofcarriagebyseaistheactualportofdischargeandsuchportislocatedinaContractingState,or

（d）thebillofladingorotherdocumentevidencingthecontractofcarriagebyseaisissuedinaContractingState,or

（e）thebillofladingorotherdocumentevidencingthecontractofcarriagebyseaprovidesthattheprovisionsofthisConventionorthelegislationofanyStategivingeffecttothemaretogovernthecontract.

2.TheprovisionsofthisConventionareapplicablewithoutregardtothenationalityoftheship,thecarrier,theactualcarrier,theshipper,theconsigneeoranyotherinterestedperson.

3.TheprovisionsofthisConventionarenotapplicabletocharter-parties.However,whereabillofladingisissuedpursuanttoacharter-party,theprovisionsoftheConventionapplytosuchabillofladingifitgovernstherelationbetweenthecarrierandtheholderofthebilloflading,notbeingthecharterer.

4.Ifacontractprovidesforfuturecarriageofgoodsinaseriesofshipmentsduringanagreedperiod,theprovisionsofthisConventionapplytoeachshipment.However,whereashipmentismadeunderacharter-party,theprovisionsofparagraph3ofthisarticleapply.

Article3

InterpretationoftheConvention

ntheinterpretationandapplicationoftheprovisionsofthisConventionregardshallbehadtoitsinternationalcharacterandtotheneedtopromoteuniformity.

PARTII

LIABILITYOFTHECARRIER

Article4

Periodofresponsibility

1.TheresponsibilityofthecarrierforthegoodsunderthisConventioncoverstheperiodduringwhichthecarrierisinchargeofthegoodsattheportofloading,duringthecarriageandattheportofdischarge.

2.Forthepurposeofparagraph1ofthisarticle,thecarrierisdeemedtobeinchargeofthegoods

（a）fromthetimehehastakenoverthegoodsfrom:

（I）theshipper,orapersonactingonhisbehalf;or

（ii）anauthorityorotherthirdpartytowhom,pursuanttolaworregulationsapplicableattheportofloading,thegoodsmustbehandedoverforshipment;

（b）untilthetimehehasdeliveredthegoods:

（I）byhandingoverthegoodstotheconsignee;or

（ii）incaseswheretheconsigneedoesnotreceivethegoodsfromthecarrier,byplacingthematthedisposaloftheconsigneeinaccordancewiththecontractorwiththelaworwiththeusageoftheparticulartrade,applicableattheportofdischarge;or

（iii）byhandingoverthegoodstoanauthorityorotherthirdpartytowhom,pursuanttolaworregulationsapplicableattheportofdischarge,thegoodsmustbehandedover.

3.Inparagraphs1and2ofthisarticle,referencetothecarrierortotheconsigneemeans,inadditiontothecarrierortheconsignee,theservantsoragents,respectivelyofthecarrierortheconsignee.

Article5

Basisofliability

1.Thecarrierisliableforlossresultingfromlossofordamagetothegoods,aswellasfromdelayindelivery,iftheoccurrencewhichcausedtheloss,damageordelaytookplacewhilethegoodswereinhischargeasdefinedinarticle4,unlessthecarrierprovesthathe,hisservantsoragentstookallmeasuresthatcouldreasonablyberequiredtoavoidtheoccurrenceanditsconsequences.

2.Delayindeliveryoccurswhenthegoodshavenotbeendeliveredattheportofdischargeprovidedforinthecontractofcarriagebyseawithinthetimeexpresslyagreeduponor,intheabsenceofsuchagreement,withinthetimewhichitwouldbereasonabletorequireofadiligentcarrier,havingregardtothecircumstancesofthecase.

3.Thepersonentitledtomakeaclaimforthelossofgoodsmaytreatthegoodsaslostiftheyhavenotbeendeliveredasrequiredbyarticle4within60consecutivedaysfollowingtheexpiryofthetimefordeliveryaccordingtoparagraph2ofthisarticle.

4.（a）Thecarrierisliable

（I）forlossofordamagetothegoodsordelayindeliverycausedbyfire,iftheclaimantprovesthatthefirearosefromfaultorneglectonthepartofthecarrier,hisservantsoragents;

（ii）forsuchloss,damageordelayindeliverywhichisprovedbytheclaimanttohaveresultedfromthefaultorneglectofthecarrier,hisservantsoragents,intakingallmeasuresthatcouldreasonablyberequiredtoputoutthefireandavoidormitigateitsconsequences.

（b）Incaseoffireonboardtheshipaffectingthegoods,iftheclaimantorthecarriersodesires,asurveyinaccordancewithshippingpracticesmustbeheldintothecauseandcircumstancesofthefire,andacopyofthesurveyor"sreportshallbemadeavailableondemandtothecarrierandtheclaimant.

5.Withrespecttoliveanimals,thecarrierisnotliableforloss,damageordelayindeliveryresultingfromanyspecialrisksinherentinthatkindofcarriage.Ifthecarrierprovesthathehascompliedwithanyspecialinstructionsgiventohimbytheshipperrespectingtheanimalsandthat,inthecircumstancesofthecase,theloss,damageordelayindeliverycouldbeattributedtosuchrisks,itispresumedthattheloss,damageordelayindeliverywassocaused,unlessthereisproofthatallorapartoftheloss,damageordelayindeliveryresultedfromfaultorneglectonthepartofthecarrier,hisservantsoragents.

6.Thecarrierisnotliable,exceptingeneralaverage,whereloss,damageordelayindeliveryresultedfrommeasurestosavelifeorfromreasonablemeasurestosavepropertyatsea.

7.Wherefaultorneglectonthepartofthecarrier,hisservantsoragentscombineswithanothercausetoproduceloss,damageordelayindeliverythecarrierisliableonlytotheextentthattheloss,damageordelayindeliveryisattributabletosuchfaultorneglect,providedthatthecarrierprovestheamountoftheloss,damageordelayindeliverynotattributablethereto.

Article6

Limitsofliability

1.（a）Theliabilityofthecarrierforlossresultingfromlossofordamagetogoodsaccordingtotheprovisionsofarticle5islimitedtoanamountequivalentto835unitsofaccountperpackageorothershippingunitor2.5unitsofaccountperkilogrammeofgrossweightofthegoodslostordamaged,whicheveristhehigher.

（b）Theliabilityofthecarrierfordelayindeliveryaccordingtotheprovisionsofarticle5islimitedtoanamountequivalenttotwoandahalftimesthefreightpayableforthegoodsdelayed,butnotexceedingthetotalfreightpayableunderthecontractofcarriageofgoodsbysea.

（C）Innocaseshalltheaggregateliabilityofthecarrier,underbothsubparagraphs（a）and（b）ofthisparagraph,exceedthelimitationwhichwouldbeestablishedundersubparagraph（a）ofthisparagraphfortotallossofthegoodswithrespecttowhichsuchliabilitywasincurred.

2.Forthepurposeofcalculatingwhichamountisthehigherinaccordancewithparagraph1（a）ofthisarticle,thefollowingrulesapply:

（a）Whereacontainer,palletorsimilararticleoftransportisusedtoconsolidategoods,thepackageorothershippingunitsenumeratedinthebilloflading,ifissued,orotherwiseinanyotherdocumentevidencingthecontractofcarriagebysea,aspackedinsucharticleoftransportaredeemedpackagesorship