中考英语宾语从句专项解析.docx
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中考英语宾语从句专项解析
中考英语-宾语从句专项解析
请同学们来看下面这几个句子。
Ilikeswimming.宾语
Hehasapen.宾语
Mysisterwantstobeateacher.宾语
Ithinkheisright.宾语
宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。
主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。
主句是复合句的主体,从句仅仅是主句的一个成分,它从属于主句,不能独立。
从句在全句中充当什么成分,就叫什么从句。
宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。
一.宾语从句的连接词
1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句:
that在句中无词汇意义,在从句中不能充当成分,在口语当中往往省略。
例如:
Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.
Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.
Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.
小练习:
1.Ihear(that)_______________________.(一小时后他会回来)
2.Hesaid(that)______________________.(他非常想念我们)
3.Theteachertoldus(that)___________________________.(地球围着太阳转)
4.
hewillbebackinanhourhemissedusverymuchtheearthmovesaroundthesun.
2.由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句.这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
例如:
Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfoe?
Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.
CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?
Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.
小练习:
1.Heasked.(谁能回答这个问题)
2.Doyouknow?
(哪一个比较小)
3.Canyoutellme?
(他在哪儿)
4.Couldyoutellme?
(我该怎么去车站)
howIcangettothestationwhichisthesmallerwhereheiswhocouldanswerthequestion
3.由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”,不做句子成分。
例如:
Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.
Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.
注意:
•Itdependson__________itisgoingtorain.(whether)
Idon’tknow_________itisabirdornot.(whether)
Lilyasked________totakesomefood(whether)
(注意:
与不定式连用;做介词的宾语;与ornot连用时-----用whether。
小练习:
1.Iwanttoknow__________________________________.(他是否跟我们一起去公园)
2.Askhim_____________________.(他是否能来)
3.Idon’tknow___________________________.(是否要下雨)
If(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus.Whether(if)hecancomewhetheritisgoingtorainornot.
填入合适的连词
(1)Heknew_________heshouldworkhard.(that)
(2)Sheasked_________Iwasateacher.(if)
(6)Iwonder_________mymumisdoingnow.(what)
(7)Mymotherasked______helpedmeyesterday.(who)
(8)---Canyoutellme_______youcamelastnight?
(how)
---Bybus
考点归纳
(1)——宾语从句的连接词
•1、That只起连接作用,在句子中不做句子成分,在口语中常被省略
•2、If和whether起连接作用,不做句子成分。
•(注意:
与不定式连用;做介词的宾语;与ornot连用-----用whether。
•3、疑问词who、what、when、where、whom、whose、why、how、which在句子中既起连接作用,又做句子成分。
二.宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。
例如:
Ihear(that)physicsisn’teasy.
Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.
CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?
Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.
小练习:
(1)Canyoutellme____?
(A.whomdowehavetoseeB.whomwehavetosee)
(2)Theteacheraskedthestudents____.
(A.whattheyweredoingB.whatweretheydoing)
(3)Shewantstoknow____.
(A.wheredoesheliveB.Wherehelives)
(4)Herfatherasked_____.
(A.whothetallestisB.whoisthetallest)
(5)Doyouknow____?
(A.whatisonthedeskB.whatonthedeskis)
BABBA
•考点归纳
(2)——宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序是陈述句(即主语+谓语)的顺序。
三.宾语从句的时态
1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。
即,从句可用所需的任何时态
如:
Idon’tthink(that)youareright.
Pleasetelluswhereheis.
CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?
HesaysMaryisplayingwiththecat.
HesaysMaryoftenplayswiththecat.
HesaysMarywillplaywiththecat.
Ithinkheleftyesterdaymorning.
2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)。
例如:
Heaskedwhattimeitwas.
Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.
HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.
HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.
Hesaid,“Maryisplayingwiththecat.”→
HesaidMarywasplayingwiththecat.
Hesaid,“hewillgobacktoChinasoon.”→
HesaidhewouldgobacktoChinasoon
3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时,不受主句时态的限制。
例如:
OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.
Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.
Theteachersaid,“themoonmovesaroundthesun.”
→Theteachersaidthatthemoonmovesaroundthesun.
Hesaid,“lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.”
→Hesaidlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.
4、当主句为Couldyou(please)tellus-----?
时,只表示语气,而不表示过去时态。
小练习:
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)Hesaysthathe_________(read)now.
(2)Canyoutellmeifthey_________(finish)theworkalready?
.
(3)DouyouknowwhereJohn________(go)yesterday?
(4)Mysistertoldmeshe_________(be)freetomorrow.
(5)Iwantedtoknowifyou__________(like)themovie.
(6)Theteachertoldustheearth_________(go)aroundthesun.
(7)Couldyoutellmeifthere__________(be)ahospitalnearhere?
Isreadinghavefinishedwentwouldbelikedgoesis
•考点归纳(3)——宾语从句的时态
•1、当主句动词为一般现在时,从句可用所需的任何时态。
•2、当主句动词为一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。
•3、当宾语从句为客观真理时,用一般现在时态,不受主句时态的限制。
•4、当主句为Couldyou(please)tellus-----?
时,只表示语气,而不表示过去时态。
5.有关宾语从句的补充说明
1)、宾语从句的标点由主句决定。
Hedoesn’tknowwhoheis(.)
Doseheknow