中考英语宾语从句专项解析.docx

1、中考英语宾语从句专项解析中考英语-宾语从句专项解析请同学们来看下面这几个句子。 I like swimming. 宾语 He has a pen.宾语 My sister wants to be a teacher.宾语 I think he is right.宾语宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。一宾语从句的连接词1. 由从属连词that引导的宾语从句：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在

2、口语当中往往省略。例如：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.小练习：1. I hear (that) _. （一小时后他会回来）2. He said (that) _. （他非常想念我们）3. The teacher told us (that) _. （地球围着太阳转）4. he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth m

3、oves around the sun.2. 由连接代词 Who, whom, whose, which，what 和连接副词 where, how, why, when引导的宾语从句.这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I dont know why the train is late.小练习：1. He asked .(谁

4、能回答这个问题）2. Do you know ? （哪一个比较小）3. Can you tell me ?（他在哪儿）4. Could you tell me ?（我该怎么去车站）how I can get to the station which is the smaller where he is who could answer the question3. 由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”， 不做句子成分。例如：I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whe

5、ther (if) I could help him.注意： It depends on _it is going to rain. （whether）I dont know _it is a bird or not. （whether）Lily asked _to take some food （whether）（注意：与 不定式连用；做介词的宾语；与 or not 连用时-用 whether。小练习：1. I want to know _.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2. Ask him _. （他是否能来）3. I dont know _.（是否要下雨） If(whether) he wi

6、ll go to the park with us. Whether (if) he can come whether it is going to rain or not.填入合适的连词 (1) He knew _he should work hard. （that）(2) She asked _I was a teacher. （if）(6) I wonder _my mum is doing now. （what）(7) My mother asked _helped me yesterday. （who）(8) -Can you tell me _you came last night

7、 ? （how） -By bus 考点归纳(1)宾语从句的连接词 1、That 只起连接作用，在句子中不做句子成分，在口语中 常被省略 2、If 和 whether 起 连接作用，不做句子成分。 （注意：与 不定式连用；做介词的宾语；与 or not 连用-用 whether。 3、疑问词 who、 what 、when、 where 、whom 、whose 、why、 how 、 which 在句子中 既起连接作用，又做句子成分。二. 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：I hear (that) physics isnt easy.I think (that) you w

8、ill like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when well have the meeting.小练习：(1) Can you tell me _? (A .whom do we have to see B. whom we have to see)(2) The teacher asked the students _.(A. what they were doing B. what were they doing )(3) She wants to know_.( A. whe

9、re does he live B. Where he lives )(4) Her father asked _.(A. who the tallest is B. who is the tallest ) (5) Do you know _?(A. what is on the desk B . what on the desk is )BABBA 考点归纳(2)宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述句（即主语+谓语）的顺序。三. 宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。即，从句可用所需的任何时态如：I dont think (that) you ar

10、e right.Please tell us where he is.Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?He says Mary is playing with the cat . He says Mary often plays with the cat. He says Mary will play with the cat.I think he left yesterday morning.2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：He

11、 asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.He asked if you had written to Peter.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.He said,“Mary is playing with the cat.” He said Mary was playing with the cat. He said, “he will go back to China soon.” He said he would g

12、o back to China soon3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时，不受主句时态的限制。例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. The teacher said, “the moon moves around the sun.” The teacher said that the moon moves around the sun. He said, “li

13、ght travels much faster than sound.” He said light travels much faster than sound.4、当主句为 Could you (please) tell us-?时，只表示语气，而不表示过去时态。小练习：用所给词的适当形式填空(1) He says that he _ (read) now .(2) Can you tell me if they _ (finish) the work already ?.(3) Dou you know where John _(go) yesterday?(4) My sister t

14、old me she _ (be) free tomorrow.(5) I wanted to know if you _(like) the movie.(6)The teacher told us the earth _(go) around the sun.(7) Could you tell me if there _(be) a hospital near here?Is reading have finished went would be liked goes is 考点归纳(3)宾语从句的时态 1、当主句动词为一般现在时，从句可用所需的任何时态。 2、当主句动词为一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。 3、当宾语从句为客观真理时 ，用一般现在时态，不受主句时态的限制。 4、当主句为 Could you (please) tell us-?时，只表示语气，而不表示过去时态。5. 有关宾语从句的补充说明1)、宾语从句的标点由主句决定。 He doesnt know who he is ( . ) Dose he know