大学四级1070 1.docx

大学四级1070 1.docx

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大学四级10701

大学四级-1070

（总分：

711.01，做题时间：

90分钟）

一、PartⅠWriting（总题数：

1，分数：

106.00）

1.怎样理解“谋事在人，成事在天”

2．举例说明

3．结论

（分数：

106.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：

（Manproposes,GodDisposes

[写作点拨]

开头段解释“谋事在人，成事在天”的含义。

中间段举例说明为什么“谋事在人，成事在天”。

结尾段得出结论。

[参考范文]

Thereisawidespreadproverb,"ManProposes,GodDisposes",whichmeansthattheplanninglieswithman,theoutcomewithGod.Thisproverbindicatesarelationbetweensuccessandluck,thatis,weshouldmakeconstanteffortstoachieveourgoal,althoughinmanycasesthefinaloutcomemaybedecidedbyluck.

TakeEnglishstudyforinstance.AstudentspendsmuchtimeandenergyonEnglishandhasgoodstudyhabits.Heissupposedtoreceivegoodgradesintheexamination.Butsupposesomethingunexpected,likeillnessoccurs,andhisfinalscoreisfarfromideal,shouldheloseheartandbecomepessimistic?

ofcoursenot.Justkeepitupandnexttimeluckwillmostprobablyfavorhim.

Tosumup,whileluckdoesinfluenceorevendominateussometimes,weshouldnevergiveuphalfway,convincedthatourhardworkwillpayinthelongrumWearethemasterofourownfortune,sodon'tdependanymoreonluck.）

解析：

[范文点评]

·用词亮点：

（1）在第一段尾句中，constant意思为“持续的”，在这里相当于persistent。

（2）第二段第四句中，farfrom意思为“远非”，表示否定。

·句式亮点：

（1）在第一段首句是一个引出谚语的结构。

类似表达法有Asanoldsayinggoes，Asaproverbsays等。

（2）在第一段第二句中，“Thisproverbindicates”用于解释谚语的含义。

类似indicates的有implies。

（3）在第一段尾句中，thatis意思为“也就是说”，用于补充说明，相当于thatistosay，inotherwords等。

（4）第二段第一句中使用了“Take…forinstance”表示举例的结构。

（5）第三段尾句中s。

意思为“因此”，用于表示结果。

·篇章亮点：

（1）第二段倒数第二、三句利用一问一答的方法强调某种观点或事实。

（2）第三段首句中Tosumup意思为“总之”，用于表示结论。

类似表达法有Inconclusion，Toconclude等。

二、PartⅡReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（总题数：

1，分数：

70.00）

NewYearTraditions

"HappyNewYear!

",thatgreetingwillbesaidandheardforatleastthefirstcoupleofweeksasanewyeargetsunderway.ButthedaycelebratedasNewYear'sDayinmodemAmericawasnotalwaysJanuary1.

AncientNewYears

ThecelebrationoftheNewYearistheoldestofallholidays.ItwasfirstobservedinancientBabylonabout4000yearsago.Intheyearsaround2000BC,theBabylonianNewYearbeganwiththefirstNewMoon（actuallythefirstvisiblecrescent）aftertheVernalEquinox（firstdayofspring）.

Thebeginningofspringisalogicaltimetostartanewyear.Afterall,itistheseasonofrebirth,ofplantingnewcrops,andofblossoming.January1,ontheotherhand,hasnoastronomicaloragriculturalsignificance.Itispurelyarbitrary.

TheBabylonianNewYearcelebrationlastedforelevendays.Eachdayhaditsownparticularmodeofcelebration,butitissafetosaythatmodernNewYear'sEvefestivitiespaleincomparison.

TheRomanscontinuedtoobservetheNewYearinlateMarch,buttheircalendarwascontinuallytamperedwithbyvarious,emperorssothatthecalendarsoonbecameoutofsynchronizationwiththesun.

Inordertosetthecalendarright,theRomansenate,in153BC,declaredJanuary1tobe（thebeginningoftheNewYear.ButtamperingcontinueduntilJuliusCaesar,in46BC,establishedwhathascometobeknownasTheJulianCalendar.ItagainestablishedJanuary1astheNewYear.Butinordertosynchronizethecalendarwiththesun,Caesarhadtoletthepreviousyeardragonfor445days.

TheChurch'sViewofNewYearCelebration

AlthoughinthefirstcenturiesA.D.theRomanscontinuedcelebratingtheNewYear,theearlyCatholicChurchcondemnedthefestivitiesaspaganism.ButasChristianitybecamemorewidespread,theearlychurchbeganhavingitsownreligiousobservancesconcurrentlywithmanyofthepagancelebrations,andNewYear'sDaywasnodifferent.NewYearisstillobservedastheFeastofChrist'sCircumcisionbysomedenominations.

DuringtheMiddleAges,theChurchremainedopposedtocelebratingNewYears.January1hasbeencelebratedasaholidaybyWesternnationsforonlyaboutthepast400years.

NewYearTraditions

OthertraditionsoftheseasonincludethemakingofNewYear'sresolutions.ThattraditionalsodatesbacktotheearlyBabylonians.Popularmodernresolutionsmightincludethepromisetoloseweightorquitsmoking.TheearlyBabylonian'smostpopularresolutionwastoreturnborrowedfarmequipment.

TheTournamentofRosesParadedatesbackto1886.Inthatyear,membersoftheValleyHuntClubdecoratedtheircarriageswithflowers.ItcelebratedtheripeningoftheorangecropinCalifornia.

AlthoughtheRoseBowlfootballgamewasfirstplayedasapartoftheTournamentofRosesin1902,itwasreplacedbyRomanchariotracesthefollowingyear.In1916,thefootballgamereturnedasthesportscenterpieceofthefestival.

ThetraditionofusingababytosignifytheNewYearwasbeguninGreecearound600t3.C.Itwastheirtraditionatthattimetocelebratetheirgodofwine,Dionysus,byparadingababyinabasket,representingtheannualrebirthofthatgodasthespiritoffertility.EarlyEgyptiansalsousedababyasasymbolofrebirth.

AlthoughtheearlyChristianscriticizedthepracticeaspagan,thepopularityofthebabyasasymbolofrebirthforcedtheChurchtoreconsideritsposition.TheChurchfinallyalloweditsmemberstocelebratetheNewYearwithababy,whichwastosymbolizethebirthofthebabyJesus.

TheuseofanimageofababywithaNewYear'sbannerasasymbolicrepresentationoftheNewYearwasbroughttoearlyAmericabytheGermans.Theyhadusedtheimagesincethefourteenthcentury.

ForLuckintheNewYear

Traditionally,itwasthoughtthatonecouldaffectthelucktheywouldhavethroughoutthecomingyearbywhattheydidorateon.thefirstdayoftheyear.Forthatreason,ithasbecomecommonforfolkstocelebratethefirstfewminutesofabrandnewyearinthecompanyoffamilyandfriends.Partiesoftenlastintothemiddleofthenightaftertheringinginofanewyear.ItwasoncebelievedthatthefirstvisitoronNewYear'sDaywouldbringeithergoodluckorbadlucktherestoftheyear.Itwasparticularlyluckyifthatvisitorhappenedtobeatalldark-hairedman.

TraditionalNewyearfoodsarealsothoughttobringluck.Manyculturesbelievethatanythingintheshapeofaringisgoodluck,becauseitsymbolizes"comingfullcircle,"completingayear'scycle.Forthatreason,theDutchbelievethateatingdonutsonNewYear'sDaywillbringgoodfortune.

ManypartsoftheU.S.celebratetheNewYearbyconsumingblack-eyedpeas.Theselegumesaretypicallyaccompaniedbyeitherhogjowlsorham.Black-eyedpeasandotherlegumeshavebeenconsideredgoodluckinmanycultures.Thehog,andthusitsmeat,isconsideredluckybecauseitsymbolizesprosperity.Cabbageisanother"goodluck"vegetablethatisconsumedonNewYear'sDaybymany.Cabbageleavesarealsoconsideredasignofprosperity,beingrepresentativeofpapercurrency.Insomeregions,riceisalucky[codthatiseatenonNewYear'sDay.

AuldLangSyne

Thesong,"AuldLangSyne,"playinginthebackground,issungatthestrokeofmidnightinalmosteveryEnglish-speakingcountryintheworldtobringintheNewYear.AtleastpartiallywrittenbyRobertBurnsinthe1700's,itwasfirstpublishedin1796afterBurns'death.Earlyvariationsofthesongweresungpriorto1700andinspiredBurnstoproducethemodemrendition.AnoldScotchtune,"AuldtangSyne"literallymeans"oldlongsince,"orsimply,"thegoodolddays".

（分数：

70.00）

（1）.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheNewYear?

（分数：

7.00）

 A.ItwasfirstcelebratedinBabylon.

 B.Itwasfirstcelebratedabout4,000yearsago.

 C.Itwastheoldestofallholidays.

 D.IthasalwaysbeencelebratedonJanuary1st. √

解析：

题干问哪项关于新年的叙述是不正确的。

通读四个选项后定位到原文AncientNewYears标题下第一段“ThecelebrationoftheNewYearistheoldestofallholidays．ItwasfirstobservedinancientBabylonabout4000yearsago．Intheyearsaround2000BC，theBabylonianNewYearbeganwiththefirstNewMoon（actuallythefirstvisiblecrescent）aftertheVernalEquinox（firstdayofspring）”，意思是新年是最古老的节日，它诞生在4000年前的巴比伦，大约在公元前2000年，巴比伦人将新年定在春分后的第一个新月日。

对比选项，发现只有D）不对。

（2）.Thebeginningofspringisalogicaltimetostartanewyearbecause______.（分数：

7.00）

 A.itisthemostbeautifulseason

 B.peoplearelessbusyinthisseason

 C.itisaseasonofrebirth √

 D.peoplearereadytoharvestcrops

解析：

题于问为什么说一年之初在于春是合情合理的。

根据题干中的信息词Thebeginningofspring定位到原文AncientNewYears标题下第二段一二句“Thebeginningofspringisalogicaltimetostartanewyear．Afterall，itistheseasonofrebirth，ofplantingnewcrops，andofblossoming（一年之初在于春是合情合理的，毕竟春季是个新生的季节——开始播种、春暖花开）”。

C）与原文相符。

（3）.WhenwasJanuary1steventuallyestablishedasthebeginningoftheNewYear?

（分数：

7.00）

 A.Around2000B.C..

 B.4,000yearsago.

 C.153B.C..

 D.46B.C.. √

解析：

题干问何时元旦最终固定在了1月1日。

根据题干中的信息词eventuallyestablished定位到原文AncientNewYears标题下第五段第二三句“ButtamperingcontinueduntilJuliusCaesar，in46BC，establishedwhathascometobeknownasTheJulianCalendar.ItagainestablishedJanuary1astheNewYear（罗马君王对日历的随意篡改一直持续到公元前46年的凯撒大帝，他设立了罗马儒略历，重新将元旦定为1月1日）”，很明显答案为D）。

（4）.WhatwastheearlyCatholics'attitudetowardsNewYearcelebrations?

（分数：

7.00）

 A.Theywereopposed. √

 B.Theyweresupportive.

 C.Theywereindifferent.

 D.Theywerefriendly.

解析：

题干问早期天主教徒对待元旦新年的态度是什么。

根据题干中的信息词Catholics'attitude定位到原文TheChurch'sViewofNewYearCelebrations标题下第一段第一句“theearlyCatholicChurchcondemnedthefestivitiesaspaganism（早期天主教会谴责元旦为异教）”，四个选项分别为：

A）反对，B）支持，C）无视和D）友好。

明显答案A）正确。

（5）.TheNewYeartraditionsincludethefollowingEXCEPT______.（分数：

7.00）

 A.makingNewYearresolutions

 B.lendingfarmtoolstoneighbors √

 C.theTournamentofRosesParade

 D.usingababytosignifytheNewYear

解析：

题干问哪项不是新年传统风俗。

根据题干中的信息词T