专题名词.docx
《专题名词.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《专题名词.docx（15页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
专题名词
名词：
可数名词。
1.个体名词：
表示个体的任何事物的词。
一般在名词词尾加s，toy-toys
以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加es，bus-buses,watch-watches,box-boxes
以O结尾的名词后面加s或es,photo-photos,zoo-zoos,piano-pianos,tomato-tomatoes
以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i+es,activity-activities,city-cities,country-countries
以fe或f结尾的名词，把fe或f变为ves,thief-thieves,leaf-leaves,life-livesself-selves,
改变单数名词中的元音字母。
man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,tooth-teeth
单复数形式相同。
Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese,fish-fish,sheep-sheep
其他不规则形式。
mouse-mice,child-children
2.集体名词：
表示一群人或一些事物的词。
复数形式就是本身，谓语动词用复数。
family家人,police警察,class同学们,team,group,people
3.复合名词：
前面的名词是man，woman，变复数时，构成复合名词的两个名词全都要变成复数形式；如果是其他词，变复数时，只需把后面的名词变成复数形式。
如：
manteacher-menteachers,boystudent-boystudents,appletree-appletrees,womandriver-womendrivers
4.还有些名词仅有复数形式，如：
trousers，clothes，chopsticks筷子，glasses，goods商品，ashes灰尘，scissors剪刀，compasses指南针。
不可数名词的数。
1.物质名词：
表示构成各种物体的物质或材料的词。
（rice,glass玻璃,water,porridge稀饭,paper,air,wood木材,wheat小麦,tea,meat,news,bread,advice,food,fish,fruit,ice-cream…）但是这类不可数名词还是可以用数量表示，“数词或冠词+量词+of+不可数名词”。
apieceofpaper,一张纸twocupsoftea,两杯茶apieceofnews一条消息，apairofglasses一副眼镜apairoftrousers一条裤子
2.抽象名词：
表示状态，品质，行为，感情等抽象概念的词。
health,homework,life,knowledge,danger…
三．有些名词既是可数名词又是不可数名词，但意义有所不同。
work（工作）---awork（著作）glass（玻璃）---aglass（玻璃杯）
paper（纸）----apaper（报纸）room（空间）---aroom（房间）
family（家庭）-family（家人,复数名词）
四．名词所有格。
1.在名词尾加’s。
主要表示有生命的事物或自然界独一无二的某些空间和时间名词的所有格，
如theworld’s，thesun’s，theearth’s，today’s，yesterday’s等。
例theboy’sbag男孩的书包，men’sroom男厕所
2.若名词已有复数词尾又是s，只加“’”。
例theworkers’struggle 工人的斗争
3.凡不能加“’s”的名词，都可以用“名词+of+名词”的结构来表示所有关系。
例thetitleofthesong歌的名字
4.双重所有格。
双重所有格即“of+名词’s所有格”或“of+名词性物主代词”构成，但此时of前面的名词一定要有一个a（an），two，any，some，several，no，few，another或this，that，these，those之类的修饰语（这个修饰语一般不能是one和the）。
如：
Heisafriendofmine.他是我的一位朋友。
（强调我的朋友不止一个）
Heisafriendofmyfriend.他是我的朋友。
（强调他对我的友好）
countries:
adj.
people:
language:
cities:
UK=EnglandEnglish
Englishman
Englishmen
English
London
Singapore
Singaporean
Singaporean
Singaporeans
EnglishandChinese
SingaporeanCity
Russia
Russian
Russian
Russians
Russian
Moscow
German
Germany
German
Germans
German
Berlin
China
Chinese
Chinese
Chinese
Chinese
Beijing
countries:
adj.
people:
language:
cities:
Australia
Australian
Australian
Australians
English
Sydney
Canada
Canadian
Canadian
Canadians
English&French
Toronto
America
American
American
Americans
English
NewYork
France
French
Frenchman
Frenchmen
French
Paris
ItalyItalian
Italian
Italians
Italian
Roma
Japan
Japanese
Japanese
Japanese
Japanese
Tokyo
IamaChinese.=IamChinese.=IamfromChina.=IamaChinesegirl/boy.=I’magirlofChina.
初中英语分类练习
——名词部分
一.写出下列名词的复数形式：
1.house_________2.village___________3.map__________
4.orange_________5.bag___________6.exercise___________
7.brush__________8.family___________9.bus___________
10.city__________11.box___________12.baby__________
13.class__________14.factory_________15.glass__________
16.dictionary__________17.watch_________18.woman_________
19.match__________20.man_________21.wish__________
22.German__________23.tomato_________24.policeman___________
25.kilo__________26.human_________27.potato___________
28.Chinese__________29.shelf__________30.Japanese__________
31.leaf___________32.American__________33.life___________
34.tooth__________35.wife___________36.foot___________
37.knife__________38.sheep_________39.half_________40.child__________
二.将下列词组译成英语：
1、一群孩子2、两箱子苹果
3、三篮子蔬菜4、九块面包
5、十杯牛奶6、五块肉
7、多种植物8、一副眼镜
9、两块冰10、三张纸
11、四瓶橘汁12、五杯茶
13、六碗米饭14、七袋米
15、八块木头16、九块金属
三.写出下列各词的名词形式：
1.work_________2.teach_________3.sing________
4.ill___________5.fight___________6.invent________
7.wait________8.woolen__________9.win____________
10.thankful________11.foreign_________12.cloudy________
13.run__________14.dirty________15.visit_________
16.funny__________17.wooden_______18.medical________
19.operate________20.hot__________21.invite__________
22.worried________23.build__________24.please________
25.help_________26.safe________27.die_________
28.dangerous______29.draw________30.noisy________
四.选择填空：
1.Iwanttobuy________.
A.twobottlesofinkB.twobottleofinkC.twobottleofinksD.twobottlesofinks
2.Theydon’thavetodo_______today.
A.muchhomeworkB.manyhomeworksC.manyhomeworkD.muchhomeworks
3.The______ofmachinemadeusfeelsick.
A.voiceB.noiseC.soundD.noises
4.Theblouseismadeof________.
A.awoolB.thesewoodC.woolsD.wool
5.Therearethree______andseven______inthepicture.
A.cows,sheepsB.cows,sheepC.cow,sheepD.cow,sheeps
6.June1is_______.
A.children’sdayB.children’sDayC.Children’sDayD.Children’sday
7.______roomisnexttotheirparents’.
A.Kate’sandJoan’sB.Kate’sandJoanC.KateandJoan’sD.KateandJoan
8.MissGreenisafriendof_______.
A.Mary’smother’sB.Mary’smotherC.Marymother’sD.mother’sofMary
9.Tomis______.Hewillcometoseeme.
A.myafriendB.afriendC.minefriendD.afriendofmine
10.Sheep_______whiteandmilk_______alsowhite.
A.is,areB.are,isC.is,isD.are,are
11.I’dliketohaveaglassofmilkand_______.
A.twobreadsB.twopiecesofbreadsC.twopiecesofbreadD.twopieceofbread
12.It’salong______toParis.It’stwothousandkilometers.
A.streetB.roadC.wayD.end
13.Many______aresingingoverthere.
A.womanB.womenC.girlD.child
14.Hebought_______.
A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoesC.twopairsofshoeD.twopairofshoe
15.Mr.Whitehasthree_______.
A.childB.childrenC.childsD.childrens
16.Beijingisoneofthebiggest_______intheworld.
A.citysB.cityC.cityesD.cities
17.---Where’sMr.White?
---He’sin_______.
A.theroom202B.Room202C.theRoom202D.room202
18.Shops,hospitalsandschoolsareall_______.
A.placesB.homesC.roomsD.buildings
19.EverymorningMr.Smithtakesa_______tohisoffice.
A.20minutes’walksB.20minute’swalkC.20-minuteswalkD.20-minutewalk
20.---Arethese______?
---No,theyaren’t.They’re_______.
A.sheep,cowsB.sheep,cowC.sheeps,cowD.sheeps,cows
21.Therearemany______inthefridge.
A.fishB.fruitC.eggsD.bread
22.---Whoseroomisthis?
---It’s_______.
A.LiMingB.LiMing’sC.LiMingsD.LiMings’
23.Hereare______foryou,Sue.
A.potatosB.somepotatoesC.threetomatosD.sometomato
24.Herearesomebirthdaycardswithourbest______forher.
A.wishB.hopeC.wishesD.hopes
25.Ialwaysgotothat______tobuyfoodonSunday.
A.shopB.parkC.zooD.garden
26.What’stheChinesefor“PRC”?
A.中国人民解放军B.中华人民共和国C.联合国D.中国共产党
27.SamgaveAnnsome_______tolookafterPollywhilehewasaway.
A.picture-booksB.inventionsC.instructionsD.messages
28.---WhichofthefollowinganimalslivesonlyinChina?
---The________.
A.monkeyB.elephantC.pandaD.cat
29.______roomisonthe5thfloor.
A.LucyandLilyB.LucyandLily’sC.Lucy’sandLilyD.Lucy’sandLily’s
30.Thethirdmonthoftheyearis_______.
A.MarchB.JanuaryC.FebruaryD.April
31.Mum,I’mquitethirsty.Pleasegiveme________.
A.twoorangeB.twobottleoforanges
C.twobottlesoforangeD.twobottlesoforanges
32.Howwonderful!
The______ismadeof_______.
A.house,glassB.house,glassesC.houses,glassD.houses,glasses
33.Imetsome______intheparkandtalkedwiththemtheotherday.
A.JanpanesesB.AmericanC.ChinesesD.English
34._______isthebesttimeforplantingtrees.
A.SummerB.WinterC.SpringD.Autumn
35.Tomwasbadlyhurtinthematch.Theycarriedhimtothe______asquicklyaspossible.
A.bankB.postofficeC.shopD.hospital
36.Therearetwo______intheroom.
A.shelfB.shelfsC.shelfesD.shelves
37.Thereareseven______inaweek.
A.yearsB.monthsC.daysD.minutes
38.Myfatherisa______.Heworksinahospital.
A.teacherB.doctorC.farmerD.writer
39.It’sverycoldtoday.Whydon’tyouputonyour______?
A.watchB.shirtC.sweaterD.glasses
40.---Excuseme,areyou______?
---Yes,I’mfrom________.
A.Japan,JapaneseB.China,ChineseC.England,EnglishD.American,America
41.Theytookalotof_______inthechildren’spark.
A.photoB.photoesC.photosD.thephoto
42.Thereis_______inthebottle.
A.noanyorangeB.notaorangeC.notanyorangeD.nooranges
43.Maths_______animportantsubjecttaughtinthemiddleschool.
A.areB.isC.wasD.were
44.Therearemore______inthishospitalthaninthatone.
A.womandoctorsB.womendoctorC.women’sdoctorD.womendoctors
45.The________eatalotofrice.
A.JapanpeopleB.JapaneseC.JapanesesD.peopleofJapanese
46.Two___andfive_______arestudyingChineseatBeijingUniversity.
A.German,EnglishB.Germans,English
C.Germans,EnglishmenD.Germen,Englishmen
47.Thenthe______begantoeatthegreen______ofyoungtrees.
A.deer,leafsB.deer,leavesC.deer,leafD.deers,leafs
48.Wouldyoulike_____?
A.somericeB.anyriceC.somericesD.anyrices
49.Don’thurry!
Westillhave_______timeleft.
A.littleB.fewC.alittleD.afew
50.Thesemountainswillbecoveredwithtreein______.
afewyear’stimeB.afewyears’timeC.afewyear’stimesD.afewyears’times
51.Thechildrenhad_______inthepark.
A.goodtimesB.goodtimeC.thegoodtimeD
升级会员 