初中英语近义词辨析专项练习题.docx
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初中英语近义词辨析专项练习题
初中英语近义词辨析专项练习
telltalksayspeak
tell告诉，讲述可接双宾语
talk交谈有talkwith/to
say说强调说的内容，有saytosb
speak说某种语言其直接宾语为语言，若要对某人或物说，则用speakto
1
Canyou_____methetruth?
2
Whatlanguagedoyou____?
3
Thisiswhatthey____yesterday.
4Don’t___inclass，pleasebequiet.
.looklookatseewatch
look看起来（系动词，接形容词作表语）
lookat朝⋯看强调看的方向
see看见强调看到的结果
watch观看尤其指看电视，看球赛等
1Thecoat____nice,Iwanttobuyoneformy
daughter.
2Please_______theblackboard,canyou
___anything?
3Shedoesn’liket____TV,butshelikes_____
footballgame.
.soundlistentohear
sound听起来（系动词，接形容词作表语）
listento听强调听的动作与方向
hear听见强调听的结果
1____theradio,itsaysthefloodiscomingsoon.
2Ican’tyou,becausethere’somethingwrongwithmyears.
3Whatyousaid____interesting.
.hearfromhearof
hearfrom收到⋯的来信
hearof听说⋯的消息
1After____hersister,shereadandsoonwrote
back.
2Haveyou_____theplacecalledShenglong?
.receiveaccept
receive收到强调收的动作
accept接受，收下强调收的结果
He_____apresentyesterday,buthedidn’t
_____it,becauseitwastoomuchexpensiveandhe
sentitback.
.lookuplookforfindfindout
lookup查词典、书、电话簿等，代词放中间
lookfor寻找强调找的动作
find找到强调结果
findout发现结果是指经过调查、研究、分析或判断等努力而发现的结论
1Heoftentakesadictionaryand______the
newwordsinit?
2Thelittlegirl_____herpeneverywherebut
didn’t_____itatlast.
3Look!
Ritaiscryingoverthere.Let’gosand
_____whyisshecrying.
.keepborrowlend
keep借是一个延续性动词
borrow借（进）强调从别人那里借来，有borrow⋯
from
lend借（出）强调将东西借给别人，有lend⋯to
1–Mybikeisbroken,canI___yours,Lily?
-Oh,sorry,I’ve____ittoSandy.
2–HowlongmayI____thisbook?
-Forabouttwoweeks.
.reacharriveget
reach到达，够得着是个及物动词
arrive到达不及物动词，有arrivein/at
get到达不及物动词，有getto
1Theywill____inChengdunextweek.
2Howdoyou___toschooleveryday?
3Usealongerstick,thenyoucan____the
apples.
.thankstothanksfor
thankto幸亏，由于
thanksfor因⋯谢谢
1
______yourhelp,I
’veunderstandit.
2
______thecats,micedarenotcomeandeat
myfood.
.giveingiveup
givein投降
giveup放弃代词放中间，后面可接动词-ing分词
1Weshouldn’t_____learningEnglish!
2Iwouldratherdiethan_____beforemy
enemies.
.achievecometrue
achieve实现（理想、愿望、预言等）及物动词，主语一般为人
cometrue实现不及物动词组一般由物（理想、愿望、预言等）作主语
1Heworkssohardthatheissureto___hisdream.
2Hispredictionofhuman’sflyingtothemoon
_____.
.turnoffcloseturnonopen
turnoff关（电器）
close关（门、窗、书等）
turnon开（电器）
open开（门、窗、书等）
1
_____thewindowsplease,
it’ssocoldoutside.
2
____thelightsbeforeyouleavetheroom.
3
Thedog_____theboxandtooktheboneout!
4
_____theTV,Iwant
towatchtheNBA
basketballgames.
.breakoffbreakoutbreakintobreakdown
breakoff中断关系，突然终止
breakout指战争爆发
breakinto非法进入或闯入
breakdown坏掉，（车、船等）抛锚，中途不工
作
1Hewaslateforschoolyesterday,becausehiscar____onthehalfway.
2TheWorldWarⅡ____whenshewasonly
five.
3They____theirfriendshipanddidn’talkto
eachotheranymore.
4Lastnightathief_____myhouseandtook
awaymyTV.
.solvereplyanswer
solve解决（问题）及物动词常与problem连
用
reply回复，答复不及物动词常与to连用
answer回答及物动词常与question连用
1WhatdidMrSmith____towhatotherssaid?
2Nooneinourclasscan______thisquestion.
3It’toosdifficultforeveryoneto______that
problem.
.hopewish
hope希望指较为现实的想法常有hopetodo
或hope+从句，但没有hopesbtodo
wish希望指不太现实的要求或想法有wishtodo或wishsbtodo。
也有wish+从句，但这时的从句多用虚拟语气，及从句中常有could或should等
1–Theweathermaybefinetomorrow.
-I____so.
2Mum____metobeadoctorinthefuture.
3HowI____Icouldflytothemoon!
.takecostspendpay
take花费尤指花费时间
sbsometimetodosth
主语为物
常有
it
takes
cost花费指花金钱，主语为物
somemoney
常有
cost
sb
spend花费主语为人常有spend⋯doing或
spend⋯onsth
pay花费主语为人常有pay⋯for
1Itoften___about3hourstogettoschoolfrommyhome.
2–Whowill____forthebill?
-Maybeourboss.
3Thehouse___him30,000dollars.
4Hiscousin_____thewholedaymakingthetoy
caryesterday.
.takepartinjoin
takepartin参加某项活动
join参加某个组织、团体、俱乐部、军队、党团或个人
1MrWang___theParty5yearsago.
2TheyinvitedLily______thatparty.
.dowithdealwith
dowith
处理，应付
在问句中要与
what
连用
dealwith处理，对付在问句中要与
how
连用
1Howcanyou___thatproblem?
2Whatdoyou____theevent?
.putonweardress
puton穿上强调穿衣的动作，宾语为物
wear穿着强调穿的状态，是一个延续性动词，宾语为物
dress给⋯穿衣服，宾语为人
1_____thewarmclothes,it’scoldoutside.
2Maryisalways______redclothes.Maybered
isherfavoritecolor.
3Thelittleboycould______himselfwhenhe
wasthreeyearsold.
.winlosebeat
win赢得宾语为物
lose输掉宾语为物
beat战胜，打败宾语为人
1Ourteamhas___thefootballmatch,weareallhappy.Buttheyarefrustrated,becausetheirs____thematch.
2TheBrazilianfootballteam___us5-0inthatmatch,alltheChinesefanswereverysad.
.bemadeinbemadeofbemadefrombemadeupof
bemadein在哪里制作，后面接产地
bemadeof由⋯制成，看得出原料
bemadefrom由⋯制成，看不出原料
bemadeupof由⋯组成，强调由个体组成整体
1Thedesk_______wood.
2Thiskindofwatch______Shanghai.
3Ourclass______50students.
4Paper_______bamboo.
.havebeentohavebeeninhavegoneto
havebeento曾经去过（现在在说话地），可与次数连用
havebeenin在某地呆
havegoneto已经去了（现在不在说话地）
1They______Italyformorethan7years,so
Italyistheirsecondhome.
2Thispersoncan’tbeYaoMing,forYao
_______America.
3–Howmanytimes_______Hainan?
-Only3times.
1.toomuch/muchtoo
1.Thecomputeris____expensive.
2.Stop,Peter.Youtalked____.
3.I’vegot____worktodo.
4.Father,havearest.You’tiredvetoday.
5.Hurryup!
Youhavewasted___time.
2.holiday/vacation
1.Christmasisa____foreverybody.
2.Thechildrenwilltaketheirsummer__inhalfamonth.
3.Myfatherison_____.
3.close/shutoff/turnoff
1.You’dbetter____themotor.Itismakingtoomuch
noise.
2.Alltheshopsare____now.
3.Shedidn’t__thedoorandenteredthehouse.
4.He____thelightsbeforeheleftthelab.
5._____thetelevision,please.
4.instead/insteadof/without
1.Idon’tlikethisone;pleasegivemetha____.
2.HestayedathomestudyingEnglish___goingtothecinema.
3.Tompassedbyme___sayinghellotome.
4.Hewenttoschoolbybike____bycar.
5.IfHarryisnotwellenoughtogowithyou,takeme
_____.
5.many/much/lotsof/alot（of）1.____ofthevisitorsareworkers.
2.HasJack____money?
3.Duringthosethreeweeks,heate____meat.
4.Ididnotunderstandwhyyouhadso_____
strangequestions.
5.Althoughheisaboy,hereads_____.
6aboveall/afterall/firstofall/atall
1.Neverwasteanything,but___neverwastetime.
2._____,letmeintroducemyselftoyou.
3.Whatareyoudoinghere___atall?
4.Heisstillachild____.Don’tblamehim.
5.Idon’tknowhim_____.
7.passed/past
1.Theyhurried____thebuilding.
2.Tom_____bymewithoutgreetingjustnow.
3.Thetrainforthesmalltownleavesatten__eight.
4.Twoweekshad____sinceMartinhadseenhim.
5.Inthe____Ihavehadmanyjobs.
8.agreeto/agreewith/agreeon1.I____whathesaid.
2.Allthosewho_____theplan,raiseyourhands.
3.We_____leavingtherethenextday.
4.Finallyhe_____getsomeonetohelpme.
5.Thefooddoesn’t_____him.
9.build/found/setup/putup
1.Lastyearacinemawas_____nearourschool.
2.Therichman_____thehospitalandaschoolin
thetownwherehewasborn.
3.Thenurserywas_____inourschool.
4.Thenewspaperreporter_____hiscameraundera
tree.
5.Theymust____goodrelationswiththemasses.
10.as/like
1.sheisafinegirl,____hermotherusedtobe.
2.Itlooks____astone.
3.____youknow,hegotintolotsofbadhabits.
4.Youarejust____whatIexpected.
5.Heoughttodo____Itellhim.
11.anumberof/thenumberof
1.Therewere_____peopleoutthisafternoon.
2.Doyouwritedown_____mytelephone?
3._____oftreesplantedisneverunder200inour
villageeveryyear.
4.Wehavelivedhere_____years.
5._____ofjoblesspeoplegrowinthecountryat
present.
12.get（be）ready/prepare/preparefor
1.Motherisbusy_____uslunchinthekitchen.
2.Thedoctortoldthenursesto____theoperationat
once.
3.Weall____todoanythingforthepeople.
4.Willyouhelpme____theparty?
5.Please_____byseventomorrowmorning.
13.information/news/message
1.Ihavea____foryoufrommyteacher.2.Thereismuchnew____inthisbook.
3.Theywerelisteningtothe____overtheradio
4.Willyoutakethis____toyourbrother?
.
5.Theyhaveno_____aboutwhereshehasgone.
14.thesame⋯as/thesame⋯that
1.Thegirlhas___hair___hermotherhad.
2.Hewasabout___age____Tom.
3.Chinaisnot____thecountry____shewas.
4.Thecomputercosts______mine.
5.HeteachesEnglishinthe____school_____
mybrotherdoes
15.learn/study
1.Sheis____todriveacar.
2.Thesubjecthe____waschemistry.
3.Whydon’yout_____frommymistakes?
4.-Whatishe___here?
–Law.Heisalawstudent.
5.Theoldandtheyoungshould__fromeachother.
16.but/however/while
1.Ilikethefilm,_____Ihavenotimetoseeit.
2.It’rainingshard.____,Ithinkweshouldgoout.
3.Hesaidthatitwasso;hewasmistaken___
__.
4.Shelistenedtomeclosely____hereadsomething.
17.fo
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