5精讲精练介词 关系词引导的定语从句汇总.docx
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5精讲精练介词关系词引导的定语从句汇总
定语从句精讲精练——介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
第一部分精讲——介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
【知识点1】
直接位于介词之后的关系代词只能是which或whom，构成介词+which（指物）；介词+whom（指人）两种结构。
【例】Themantowhomyoutalkjustnowisafamousrunner.
【例】Theserviceaboutwhichthestudentscomplainalotshouldbeimproved.
【例】HeisalibraryassistantfromwhomIborrowedsomebooks.
【例】Itisafamousschoolfromwhichhegraduated3yearsago.
【例】Thechaironwhichheissittingnowismadeofwood.
【知识点2】
直接位于介词后面的关系代词不能省略，但如果将介词移于句子末尾而不位于关系代词之前时，可省。
【例】Theman（who/that/whom）youtalktojustnowisafamousrunner.
【例】Theservice（which/that）thestudentscomplainaboutalotshouldbeimproved.
【例】Heisalibraryassistant（whom/that/who）Iborrowedsomebooksfrom.
【例】Itisafamousschool（which/that）hegraduatedfrom3yearsago.
【例】Thechair（which/that）heissittingonnowismadeofwood.
【知识点3】
关系副词when,where,why可以相应地转化为：
介词+which结构。
【例】ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.
=ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.
【例】Doyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclub?
=Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?
【例】Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhesaidso.
=Idon’tknowthereasonforwhichhesaidso.
【知识点4】
有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前：
【例】Heisthestudent（who/whom/that）theteachersarelookingfor.
【例】Thenumberofthechildren（who/whom/that）shetakescareofis30.
【知识点5】
注意复杂介词短语+which或whom引导的定语从句，是高考考查热点。
【例】Theyfinallyclimbedupthemountain,ontopofwhichmanystrangebirdswereseen.
【例】Lookatthephoto.ThisisMr.Green,infrontofwhomsitthreestudents.
【知识点6】
不定代词+of+which/whom引导的定语从句可化为of+which/whom+不定代词结构；这也是高考常考点。
其中用到的不定代词有some,any,none,both,all,many,afew,few,alittle,little,either,neither,one,等等。
【例】Thereare40studentsinourclass,mostofwhom（=ofwhommost）likeEnglish.
【例】ThesearebookswrittenbyMarkTwain,oneofwhich（=ofwhichone）wasreadtomebymyfather
【例】Shehastwosons,neitherofwhom（=ofwhomneither）isateacher.
【例】Shehasmanybooks,noneofwhich（=ofwhichnone）isinteresting.
【知识点7】
关系代词whose+名词引导的定语从句可转化为the+名词+of+which/whom或of+which/whom+the+名词结构；of表所属关系。
【例】Iliveinaroomwhosewindowsareallbroken.
=Iliveinaroomofwhichthewindowsareallbroken.
=Iliveinaroomthewindowsofwhichareallbroken.
【例】Thisismyteacherwhosehandwritingisexcellent.
=Thisismyteacherthehandwritingofwhomisexcellent.
=Thisismyteacherofwhomthehandwritingisexcellent.
【知识点8】
由介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，当主从句主语一致时，定语从句可缩略为：
介词+which/whom+todo结构。
【例】IhaveasmallroominwhichIlivein.
=Ihaveasmallroominwhichtolive.
=Ihaveasmallroomtolivein.
【例】Hehasagoodfriendtowhomhecanturnforhelp.
=Hehasagoodfriendtowhomtoturnforhelp.
=Hehasagoodfriendtoturntoforhelp.
【知识点9】
介词后不一定只能接关系代词，可能会接关系副词，主要取决于介词及句子意思。
【例】HeusedtoliveinLondon,fromwherehecamefrom.
【例】HegraduatedfromBeijingUniversityin1988,sincewhenhehasimprovedhimselfinallaspects.
【知识点10】
如何确定关系代词前的介词：
将定语从句还原：
构成两个搭配，即从句谓语部分与介词的适当搭配；介词与先行词的正确搭配。
【例】Thepicture______whichhepaid$100wasonceownedbyaking.
【析】定语从句谓语是paysomemoney；先行词为thepicture；还原句子即：
Hepaid$100____thepicture.在本句中填上合适介词；构成短语：
paysomemoneyforsomething。
【例】ThisisTomSawyer,______whomhisteacherisproud.
【析】还原：
Histeacherisproud___TomSawyer.构成短语：
beproudof。
【例】Canyouthinkofasituation__in__whichthiswordcanbeused?
【例】I’mgratefultohimforthatadvice,__to__whichIowedallmysuccess.
第二部分精练——介词+关系词专项练习
选择
1．Onhis10thbirthday.Martymanagestoescapefromthezooandgetsontothesubway,_____hebelievesthathecangotothewild.
A.which B.fromwhatC.throughwhich D.that
2．Manypeoplewhohadseenthefilmwereafraidtogototheforestwhentheyrememberedthescenes________peoplewereeatenbythetiger.
A.that B.bywhichC.which D.inwhich
3.Iamgratefultohimforthatadvice,_______Ioweallmysuccess.
A.whichB.thatC.towhichD.bywhich
4．Thefarmersusewoodtobuildahouse______tostoregrainsalltheyeararound.
A.withwhichB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich
5．—CanyoutellmewherePeterlives?
—Overthere.Thetwostoreyhouse,_____thereisagarden.
A.nearit B.fromwhichC.infrontofit D.infrontofwhich
6．—Whydoesshealwaysaskyouforhelp?
—Thereisnooneelse_______,isthere?
A.whototurnto B.shecanturnto
C.forwhomtoturn D.forhertoturn
7．Isthereagasstationaround______Icangetsomepetrol?
A.which B.whatC.where D.that
8.ThebiggesthobbyinAmerican,theoneAmericansspendmosttime,energyandmoney,isgardening.
A.thatB.whichC.onwhichD./
9.Newtoninventedanewkindoftelescopemirrorsinsteadoflenses.
A.whichusedB.inwhichheused
C.thatheusedD.inthatheused
10.TheSecondWorldWarmillionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945.
A.thatB.whichC.duringthatD.inwhich
11.InfacttheSwededidnotunderstandthequestionswereaskedinFrench.
A.whereB.whoC.inwhichD.which
12.Antarcticweknowverylittleiscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround.
A.whichB.thatC.aboutwhichD.where
13.ThedoctorisleavingforAfricanextmonth.
A.thenurseistalkingtohimB.whomthenurseistalking
C.thenurseistalkingtoD.whothenurseistalking
14.Thetrainshewastravellingwaslate.
A.whichB.whereC.onwhichD.inwhich
15.Thecoursenormallyattracts20studentsperyear,_________uptohalfwillbefromoverseas.
A）inwhich B）forwhom C）withwhich D）ofwhom
16.ThebeautifuldressMissJoneswenttotheballwasborrowed.
A.inwhichB.wornbyC.wearingwhichD.that
17.Canyoulendmethebooktheotherday?
A.whichyoutalkedB.thatyoutalked
C.aboutthatyoutalkedD.youtalkedabout
18.Therearetwosmallroomsinthehouse,servedasakitchen.
A.thesmallerofwhichB.thesmallofwhich
C.thesmallerofthemD.smallestofwhich
19.Beforejoiningthearmy,hespentalotoftimeinthevillage______hebelonged
A.towhichB.whichC.towhereD.atwhich
20.Iremainedintheofficeuntil5:
30____alltheothershadleft.
A.atwhichBwhenC.bywhichtimeD.that
21.That’sthedog____.
A.we’vebeenlookingafterB.afterwhichwe’vebeenlooking
C.whatwe’vebeenlookingafterD.we’vebeentakingcarefor
22.Chinahasmanyrivers,____theChangjiangRiveristhelongest.
A.whichB.inwhichC.amongwhichD.oneofwhich
23.Shehasn’tgotenoughmoney___tobuythenecklace.
A.whichB.forwhichC.withwhichD.that
24.Becauseofairpollutionbeingreduced,thiscityisstill____.
A.agoodplaceinwhichtoliveB.livedasagoodplace
C.agoodplacetoliveD.livinginasagoodplace
25.Don’ttalkaboutsuchthingsof__________youarenotsure.
A.whichB.whatC.asD.those
26.Theschoolsthemselvesadmitthatnotallchildrenwillbesuccessfulinthejobs____theyarebeingtrained.
A.inthatB.forthatC.inwhichD.forwhich
27.Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,____hewentontoCambridge.
A.fromwhichB.afterthatC.afterwhichD.fromthis
28.Ihavemanyfriends,_____somearebusinessmen.
A.ofthemB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhom
29.Thehousewasbuiltonahillside,______wasapleasant,windyvalley.
A.belowwhichB.underwhich
C.bywhichD.behindwhich
30.ImetMaryagain,______Ihadspokenaboutsomethingimportant.
A.whoB.towhomC.whoseD.ofwhom
31.Canyoulendmethenovel_____theotherday?
A.thatyoutalked B.youtalkedaboutit
C.whichyoutalkedwith D.youtalkedabout
32.Isthisjustthecity____theforeignguestswishtopayavisit_____.
A.which,of B.towhich,/ C.that,to D.tothat,/
33.Chinaisthebirthplaceofkites,__kiteflyingspreadtoJapan,Korea,ThailandandIndia.
A.fromthat B.fromwhere C.fromthere D.fromhere
34.Hehastwosons,_____workaschemists.
A.twoofwhom B.bothofwhom C.bothofwhich D.allofwhom
35.Thebuses,_____werealreadyfull,weresurroundedbyanangrycrowd.
A.mostofthat B.whichmost C.mostofwhich D.thatmost
36.Heisamanofgreatexperience,_____muchcanbelearned.
A.who B.that C.fromwhich D.fromwhom
37.Igavehimawarning,_____heturnedadeafear.
A.ofwhich B.forwhich C.tothat D.towhich
38.Youmaycallonmefromonetofiveo’clock,during_____Iamalwaysathome.
A.thetime B.whattime C.thattime D.whichtime
39.Hemetmymother,from______hegotthenewsofmymarriage.
A.whoB.whomC.whichD.her
40.Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,________NewYorkisanexample.
A.forwhich B.inwhich C.ofwhich D.fromwhich
41.Hewasseekingforsomeone___________hecouldtalkwithoutcaution.
A.towhich B.whom C.towhom D.forwhom
42.AshdownForest,_______we’llbedriving,isn’tforestanylonger.
A.which B.underwhich C.bywhich D.throughwhich
43.Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,_______hewentontoBeijingUniversity.
A.afterwhich B.afterthat C.inwhich D.inthat
44.Humorwasameans________theAmericanwriterwouldwinpopularacceptance.
A.inwhich B.ofwhich C.which D.bywhich
45.Isawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedark.BeforeIcouldrecognizewhoshewas,shehadrunbackinthedirection_____shehadcome.
A.ofwhich B.bywhich C.inwhich D.fromwhich
46.Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst______Ireallyenjoyed.
A
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