人教版英语八下Unit1 知识点.docx
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人教版英语八下Unit1知识点
Unit1What’sthematter?
词汇拓展
stomachn.胃；肚子→
headn.头→footn.脚；足→
decidev.决定→
teethn.牙齿（复数）
toothachen.牙痛
toothn.牙齿→
breathev.呼吸→
agreev.赞成；同意→
diev.死；死亡→
meanv.意思是；意味着；打算→
she---her---her---hers---herself
we---us---our---ours---ourselves
1.What'sthematter?
“怎么了?
”“出什么事了?
What'sthematterwithsb.?
“某人怎么了?
”sb.若是人称代词，用宾格
—What'sthematterwithJenny?
—Shehasabadcold.
---What’sthematterwithhim?
---Hehasafever.
拓展 What'sthematterwithsb.?
的同义表达有:
What'swrongwithsb.?
What'sone'strouble?
What'sthetroublewithsb.?
mattertrouble为名词，前有“the”,wrong为形容词，前无“the”
— ,Tony?
Youdon'tlook
well.
—Myheadfeelsveryhot.
A.What'sthematter B.What'sthewrongC.What'smatter
2.疾病类短语表达ache/eIk/
haveacold感冒haveafever发烧haveacough咳嗽
haveanosebleed流鼻血
haveaheadache头痛haveatoothache牙痛haveastomachache胃痛
haveasorethroat咽喉痛haveasoreback背痛
—What's matter?
—Ihave headache.
A.the;a B.a;anC.an;/ D./;the
—What's matter?
—Ihave stomachache.
A./;a B.the;a C.the;an
—What's matterwithyou?
—Ididn'tsleepwelllastnight.Ihave badheadachenow.
A./;a B.the;a C./;the D.a;the
—
—Mycomputerdoesn'twork.
A.What'swrong?
B.What'sit?
C.Whereisyourcomputer?
Letmetakeyourtemperaturetoseeifyouhavea .
A.stomachache B.coughC.headache D.fever
—What's ?
—Ihaveasoreback.
A.thewrong B.thematterC.matter D.trouble
3.liedown的用法
lie有如下词性和含义:
①作动词,意为“位于”。
JapanliestotheeastofChina.
日本位于中国的东部。
②作动词,意为“撒谎;说谎”。
Don'tbelieveherbecauseshealwayslies.
③作名词,意为“谎言”。
telllies/alie意为“说谎”。
Youshouldn'ttellliestoyourparents.
lie的含义以及易混过去式和过去分词:
含义
过去式
过去分词
躺;平躺
lay
lain
位于
撒谎;说谎
lied
lied
liedown是固定短语,意为“躺下”。
其中lie是动词,意为“躺;平躺”。
lie的现在分词是lying.
Ithinkyoushouldliedownandrest.
Don'tlieinbedallmorning!
Themanislyingonthebeachandenjoyingthesunshine.
撒谎lie----lied---lied
躺lie—lay---lain
下蛋lay---laid---laid
lay“放置；安放；搁；产卵”
Ritaandhersisteraretiredafterschool,andtheyshould downandhaveagoodrest.
A.lies B.lay C.lie D.lied
Yesterdaymyfatherwasverytired.He______onthebedandfellasleepatonce.
A.liedB.lieC.layD.lain
WhenIcameintotheroom,Isawacat________underthetable.
A.tolieB.liesC.lyingD.lied
Thegirlsawasnake_____ontheroadandwasfrightened.
A.lieB.liesC.layD.lying
---Whyareyousoangry,Mrs.Smith?
---Myson______inthebedallthemorninganddidnothing,buthe______tomeaboutthat.
A.lied;liedB.lay;layC.lied;layD.lay;lied
—Youryellowcatis onthetopofthatshelf.
—Oh,Isee.Thanks.
A.lie B.lay C.laying D.lying
—Whyareyoustill inbed,dear?
—BecauseI'mangrynow.Oneofmystudents again.Hedidn'ttellthetruth.
A.lied;lying B.lying;liesC.lie;lying D.lying;lied
4.get短语
Hegotoffandaskedthewomanwhathappened.
Idon'tknowwheretogetoff.
Weshouldbecarefulwhenwe thebus.
A.getdown B.getout C.getup D.getoff
Itookthesubwayand atthedowntownstation.
A.gotthrough B.gotoverC.goton D.gotoff
5.surprise,surprised,surprising
surprisen.可数“使人吃惊的东西”不可数“惊奇；惊讶”
Youcanimaginemysurprisewhenshetoldmeshe’dgotmarriedlastyear.
Tomysurprise,shenoddedandagreed.
Hisvisitwasasurprisetome.
toone’ssurprise“使某人吃惊的是;出乎……的意料”surprise名词
Tohissurprise,theyallagreedtogowithhim.
surprisev.“使…吃惊”
Itsurprisedmetoseesomanypeoplethere.
Thebadnewsdidn’tsurprisethem.
surprisedadj.“感到惊奇的”人
Thegiftmakesmesurprised.
Iwassurprisedathisanswer.
surprisingadj.“令人惊奇的”物
Thisisasurprisinggift.
Yoursuccessissurprising.
oursurprise,sheisourEnglishteacher.
A.For B.As C.To D.Or
Tomy_____,thecleverstudentdidn’tpasstheEnglishexam.
A.surpriseB.surprisedC.surprisingD.surprises
To surprise,theyhavefinishedthework.
A.my B.I C.mine
6.trouble
trouble作名词,意为“问题;苦恼”。
Hislifeisfulloftroubles.他的生活充满了烦恼。
Evenanexperiencedclimberwillgetintotrouble.即使有经验的登山者也会陷入困境。
作动词“打扰；麻烦”
I’msorrytotroubleyou,butcanyoutellmehowtogettotheairport?
MayItroubleyoutogivemeahand?
注意 havetroubledoingsth.表示“做某事有困难”。
Hehadtroublerememberingnewwords.
他在记新单词方面有困难。
Ihavetrouble myEnglishteacher.Hespeakssofast.
A.understand B.understoodC.understanding D.tounderstand
HuaChenyuispopularwiththeyoungpeoplenow,soIhavetrouble theticketofhisconcert.
A.get B.toget C.getting D.got
7.定语从句
TomisanAmericanmanwhoisinterestedinmountainclimbing.
whoisinterestedinmountainclimbing是定语从句,修饰先行词anAmericanman,其中who是关系代词,在定语从句中作主语,也可以用that来代替。
Idon'tknowthemanwho/thatiswearingablueT-shirt.
—Theboy lostiscryingthere.
—Howdoyouknowhegetslost?
A.whose B.who C.who's
表示某人迷路,应用“be/getlost”。
设空处应为“定语从句的引导词+谓语动词”,故C项（相当于whois）正确。
—Doyouknowtheman spokeatthemeetingjustnow?
—No,Idon'tknow.
A.what B.who C.which D.whose
8.beusedto
（1）beusedto后接名词、代词或动名词,意为“习惯于……”。
已处于习惯…之后的状态，to介词
Theyareusedtolivinginthebigcity.
Asamountainclimber,Tomisusedtotakingrisks.
Hewasusedtothecoldweatherafterhelivedtherefortwoyears.
Heisusedto________himself.
A.lookafterB.lookingafterC.lookedafter
相近意思get/becomeusedto由不习惯到习惯于，“变得习惯；开始习惯”
You’llsoongetusedtolivinginthecountry.
Theygotusedtolivinginthecountryside.
（2）beusedtodosth.动词use的被动语态，被用来做sth.
Ametalbarwasusedtoforcethedooropen.用金属棒把门撬开。
（3）usedtodosth.“过去常常”特指过去经常发生的动作，而现在已不再发生，其中usedto相当于情态动词，后接动词原形
MyfatherusedtobeanEnglishteacher.
短语
释义
例句
beusedtodosth.
被用来做某事
Woodcanbeusedtomakepaper.木头能够被用来造纸。
beusedtodoingsth.
习惯于做某事
Iamusedtowalkingafterdinner.我习惯晚饭后散步。
usedtodosth.
过去常常做某事
Weusedtoplayfootballaftersupper.我们过去常常在晚饭后踢足球。
Hismothergetsupat6:
00a.m.everyday.Sheisusedto earlytomakebreakfastforthefamily.
A.getup B.gettingup C.getsup
Heisanexperienceddriverandheisusedto inallkindsofweather.
A.driving B.drive C.drove D.drives
9.runoutrunoutof
（1）runoutof“将…用完，用尽，卖光”及物主语通常是人of介词，后接名词、代词，相当于useup
Shehasrunoutofmoney.
Theyhaverunoutofallthefood.
（2）runout“用完；耗尽”不及物主语通常是“时间、金钱、食物”等无生命的东西。
Hispatienceisrunningout.他渐渐失去了耐心。
Mypetrolranout,soIstoppedhalfway.我的汽油烧尽了，所以我中途停下来了。
We'verunoutofourpocketmoney.我们已经把零花钱花完了。
MissYangwassadbecauseshe allhermoney.
A.ranoutof B.runsoutofC.usedoutof D.ranout
10.动词+off
cutoff“切除”
Hecutoffabunchofgrapestoentertainus.
他剪下一串葡萄来招待我们。
Heusedhisknifetocutoffhalfhisrightarm.
He asmallpieceofbreadandgaveittome.
A.gotoff B.tookoff C.cutoff D.turnedoff
—Ella'sarmwas inanaccidentonafarm.
—I'msorrytohearthat.
A.cutoff B.turnoffC.getoff D.takeoff
11.important
importantadj.重要的----------unimportantadj.不重要的
importancen.重要性；重要
Heemphasizedtheimportanceofcarefuldriving.
Manystudentsdidn'trealizethe ofexerciseuntiltheyfacedthehighschoolentranceP.E.examination（体育中考）.
A.decision B.independenceC.spirit D.importance
12.decide
decidev.决定
decidetodosth.“决定做某事”
Theydecidedtodelaythemeeting.
Thechildrendecide theirschoolyardthisFridayafternoon.
A.clean B.toclean C.cleaning D.cleaned
decisionn.“决定；抉择”makeadecision“作出决定”相当于decide
Wemadeadecisiontogothereonfoot.
—Wow,somanybeautifulcars!
Idon't
knowwhichonetobuy.
—Youhavetomakea（n） .
A.living B.decision C.idea D.skill
—ShouldIjointheartcluborthedanceclub?
—Youareoldenoughtomakeyourown .
A.feelings B.time C.decision
13.keepdoingsth.和keepondoingsth.是近义表达,意为“继续做某事”。
Hekeptworking,althoughhewasill.
You'llsoongotopiecesifyoukeeponworkinglikethat.如果你继续那样工作的话,你身体很快就会垮掉的。
Ourmonitorkepton untilourclassmeetingwasoveryesterday.
A.talk B.totalk C.talking D.talked
Mr.Black,youarebecominghealthierandhealthier.Pleasekeepon .
A.ran B.torun C.runs D.running
14.情态动词should
“应当;应该”,可用于各种人称。
Youshouldn'ttalkwithhimlikethis.
肯定句
主语+should+动词原形+其他.
否定句
主语+shouldnot/shouldn't+动词原形+其他.
一般疑问句
Should+主语+动词原形+其他?
特殊疑问句（以what为例）
Whatshould+主语+动词原形?
Youshouldlistentoyourparents.
Youshouldn'tgooutlastnight.
ShouldItakemytemperaturefirst?
WhatshouldIdo?
should的近义表达
oughtto
表示“应该;应当”
besupposedto
后跟动词原形,表示“应该做某事”
Yououghttodietandtakemoreexercise.你应该节食并多做运动。
Theyaresupposedtoshakehandswiththeguests.他们应该和客人握手。
Asmiddleschoolstudents,we followthepublicruleswhereverwego.
A.would B.should C.might D.could
Dogs runthroughsoccergamesatthepark.It'sdangerous!
A.should B.shouldn't C.need D.needn't
Tokeepchildrenawayfromdangerduringthecomingsummerholiday,parents givethemsomesafetytips.
A.should B.mayC.could D.might
15.反身代词
由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词或第三人称代词的宾格形式的词尾加-self或-selves构成。
可译为“本人;本身;自己”。
人称
人称代词
物主代词
反身代词
主格
宾格
形容词
名词
第一人称
单数
I
me
my
mine
myself
复数
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
第二人称
单数
you
you
your
yours
yourself
复数
you
you
your
yours
yourselves
第三人称
单数
he
him
his
his
himself
she
her
her
hers
herself
it
it
its
its
itself
复数
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
Whenyourparentsaren’twithyou,youshouldlookafter_________（you）.
Thegirlhurt__________（her）whenshefelloffherbike.
Whenthesekidsa
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