人教版高中英语必修5五Unit 5 First aid精讲精练.docx
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人教版高中英语必修5五Unit5Firstaid精讲精练
Unit5Firstaid精讲精练
ⅠWarmingUpandReading
一、词汇
1.n.&vt.帮助;援助;资助
2.n.损伤;伤害→vt.损伤;伤害→adj.受伤了的
3.vi.&vt.流血→n.血液;血统→adj.出血的
4.n.&vt.毒药;毒害→adj.有毒的
5.n.治疗;对待→vt.治疗;对待
6.adj.电的,电动的→n.电
7.vi.&vt.膨胀,隆起→adj.肿胀的
8.n.珠宝
9.n.创伤
10.n.症状,征兆
二、课文
1.Firstaidisaveryimportantfirststepinthetreatmentofburns.
treatmentn.意为“对待,处理,治疗”
treatv.
(1)意为“对待,看待”eg:
Theboywastreatedasalittlehero.
(2)意为“招待,请客”eg:
Hetreatedmetolunch.
(3)意为“治疗,医治”eg:
Thedoctortreatedherforherstomachache.
treat与cure的区别:
treat意为“治疗”,但不一定治愈,常用的搭配是treatsbfor。
eg:
Shewastreatedforsunstroke.
cure意为“治愈”,常用的搭配是curesbof。
eg:
Willyoubeabletocurehim,Doctor?
2.Burnsarecalledfirst,secondorthirddegreeburns,dependingonwhichlayersoftheskinareburned.
dependon意为“依赖;依靠”eg:
Ihaven’tacar,soIhavetodependonthebuses.
3.Theseaffectonlythetoplayeroftheskin.
affectvt.意为“影响;感动;侵袭;感染”eg:
Allthepeopleintheroomwereaffectedtotears.
affect与effect的区别:
affect作“影响”讲时是及物动词,相当于haveaneffecton,多指不好的影响。
eg:
Doestelevisionaffectchildren’sbehavior?
effect作“影响”讲时是名词,用作动词时,意为“产生;引起”
eg:
Doestelevisionhaveaneffectonchildren’sbehavior?
4.Theseburnscauseverysevereinjuriesandthevictimmustgotohospitalatonce.
atonce意为“立刻;马上;同时”eg:
Doitatonce!
morethanonce不止一次allatonce突然onceagain再一次onceuponatime从前
onceinawhile有时;偶尔oneatatime一次一个
5.Removeclothingusingscissorsifnecessaryunlessitisstucktotheburn.
unlessconj.意为“除非;如果不”eg:
Don’ttouchanythingunlessyourteachertellsyouto.
stickto意为“粘住;坚持;遵守”eg:
Thepageshavestuck(together).
Ifyousticktothetruth,youhavenothingtofear.
6.Takeoffotherclothingandjewelleryneartheburn.
jewellery/jewelery是珠宝的总称,只用作不可数名词。
eg:
Womenalwayslikejewellery.
apieceofjewellery一件珠宝jewel意为“宝石;珠宝”,为可数名词。
7.Forseconddegreeburns,keepclothscoolbyputtingthembackinbasinofcoldwater,squeezingthemoutandplacingthemontheburnedareaoverandoveragainforaboutanhouruntilthepainisnotsobad.
until
(1)prep.意为“到……为止”eg:
Theyworkfrom6o’clockinthemorninguntil2o’clockintheafternoon.
意为“在……以前”,相当于before,常用于否定句中。
eg:
Youcan’tgetyourlicenseuntilyouareeighteen.
意为“直到……才……”,表示强调,用于“Itwasnotuntil…that…”句型。
eg:
ItwasnotuntillastnightthatIlearnedit.=NotuntillastnightdidIlearnit.
(2)conj.意为“到……为止;直到……时;直到……地方/程度”eg:
Heworkedonuntilhewastootiredtodomore.
squeezeout意为“挤出;榨出”eg:
Squeezemoremoneyoutofthetax-payer.
三、单项选择
1.Thesickandthelost.
A.havecured;havefoundB.hascured;hasfound
C.havebeencured;havebeenfoundD.hasbeenfound;hasbeenfound
2.Whetherwewillgothereontheweather.
A.dependingB.dependC.dependsD.depended
3.Theplantmaygrowtoaheightofseveralmeters,soilconditions.
A.dependingonB.anddependsonC.dependsonD.todependon
4.Governmentpolicieswillnotus.
A.affectB.effectC.haveanaffectonD.effects
5.Don’tallspeakatonce!
.
A.EachatonetimeB.OnebyonetimeC.OneforeachtimeD.Oneatatime
6.Nomatterwhatyousay,Ishallmyopinion.
A.carryoutB.keepupC.insistinD.stickto
7.NotuntilIbegantoworkhowmuchtimeIhadwasted.
A.didn’trealizeB.didIrealizeC.Ididn’trealizeD.Irealize
8.Whenwillthefootballmatch?
A.happenB.behappenedC.takeplaceD.betakenplace
9.thisbookandtellmewhatyouthinkofit.
A.LookthroughB.LookonC.LookintoD.Lookup
10.Theytriedtopreventthecropsfrom.
A.injuryB.injuringC.beinghurtD.beinginjured
11.Whydoyouwantanewjobyou’vegotsuchagoodonealready?
A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when
12.I’lltelephoneandthatwillsavemealetter.
A.towriteB.writingC.forwritingD.for
13.lateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarm.
A.HavingsleptB.TosleepC.SleepingD.Sleep
14.Thisbookissaidtobeaspecialone,whichmanyeventsnotfoundinotherhistorybooks.
A.writesB.coversC.printsD.reads
15.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriverhowseriouspollutionwas.
A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealized
C.thevillagersrealizeD.didn’tthevillagersrealize
16.Ihavetogotoworkbytaxibecausemycaratthegarage.
A.willberepairedB.isrepairedC.isbeingrepairedD.hasbeenrepaired
17.ThemaninsistedataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.
A.findB.tofindC.onfindingD.infinding
ⅡLearningaboutLanguage
一、词汇
1.n.绷带
2.n.传染;传染病→v.传染
3.adj.潮湿的
4.n.袖子→adj.无袖的
5.n.喉咙
6.n.药膏
7.n.壶;罐
8.n.手腕
二、课文
1.ATieabandagefirmlyovertheburntarea,whenabandageisnecessary.
firmadj.意为“坚定的,结实的”eg:
Wemustmaintainafirmattitude.
adv.意为“稳定地,坚定地”eg:
Theystoodfirmagainstthewar.
n.意为“商行,公司”eg:
Hehasestablishedhisownfirm.
v.意为“(使)变得坚实”eg:
Exercisewillfirmupyourmuscles.
firm与firmly的区别:
firm用作副词的用法十分有限,通常只能与stand,hold,stay等少数动词连用,且位于动词之后;而firmly的用法十分广泛,且可位于动词之前或之后。
eg:
Alwaysholdfirmtoyourbeliefs.
Ifirmlybelievethatitistrue.
holdfirmly通常用于本义,意为“紧紧握住”;holdfirm通常用于引申义,意为“坚持(原则、信仰等)。
2.Thenhetiedittightlysothatiswouldstayinplace.EmmawasverygratefultoLukeforwhathehaddoneforher.
tightadj.意为“紧的”eg:
Thisdraweristootightformetoopenit.
adv.意为“紧紧地”eg:
Sheheldherbabytightinherarms.
tight与tightly的区别:
两者均可表示“紧紧地”,但tight通常只用于动词之后,而tightly则用于动词之前或之后。
eg:
Pleaseholdittight.
IthasstucksotightlythatIcan’tgetitoff.
inplace就绪;原地inplaceof代替takeplace发生taketheplaceof代替
inplaceof,insteadof,takeone’splace与taketheplaceof的区别:
inplaceof表示“替代,取代”,是介词短语。
insteadof表示“代替,而不是”,是短语介词。
eg:
Hecameherebybusinsteadofonfoot.
takeone’splace=taketheplaceof是动词词组。
eg:
IwilltakeMr.George’splaceaschairmanofthemeeting.
三、单项选择
1.Markoftenattemptstoescapewheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.
A.beenfinedB.tohavebeenfinedC.tobefinedD.beingfined
2.---Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?
---Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhimhebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.
A.afterB.unlessC.untilD.when
3.---Iamaboutplayingcomputergames.Ioftenplayfor24hourswithoutstop.
---It’sbadforyour.You’dbettergiveitup.
A.surprising;healthyB.interesting;healthC.crazy;healthyD.crazy;health
4.Haveagoodrest;youneedtoyourenergyforthetennismatchthisafternoon.
A.leaveB.saveC.holdD.get
5.fromadistance,themountainlookslikeanelephant.
A.HavingseenB.HavingbeenseenC.SeeingD.Seen
6.inancienttimes,thebookstillappealstoreaderstoday.
A.ThoughitwrittenB.ThoughwrittenC.ItwaswrittenD.Writtenitwas
7.Thebandplayedmanysongs,someofmyfavorites.
A.includesB.includingC.toincludeD.included
8.TheEnglishplaymystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasasuccess.
A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich
四、语法专练
●简单句的省略:
对主句的省略,在英语中祈使句可以省略主语。
eg:
Openyourbook.=Youopenyourbook.
对谓语的省略,有时谓语中的主要动词可以省略。
eg:
IstudyFrench,sheChinese.=IstudyFrench,shestudiesChinese.
对表语的省略。
eg:
---Isheadoctor?
---Yes,heis.=Yes,heisadoctor.
对宾语的省略。
eg:
---Canyoudoit?
---Iwilltry.=Iwilltryit.
名词所有格所修饰的名词若表示店铺、住宅、教堂或者上下文已暗示或明确指出时,常可以省略。
eg:
Imethimatthedoctor’s.=Imethimatthedoctor’shouse.
当不定式在afraid,anxious,eager,glad,happy,ready,willing等后面作状语,to后的内容常承前省略。
eg:
Youcan’tforcehimtoanswerthequestionifhe’snotreadyto(answerthequestion).
当不定式在agree,afford,expect,forget,hope,know,manage,pretend,remember,refuse,want,wish,wouldlike等动词后作宾语时,to后的动词常被省略。
eg:
Iwoulddoitforyou,butIdon’tknowto(doitforyou).
当不定式在begoingto,beableto,haveto,oughtto,usedto后作复合谓语时,不定式可省略。
eg:
Theydidn’tvisittheirparentsasmuchastheyoughttohave(visitedtheirparents).
●并列句的省略:
如果后面分句中有与前面相同的部分常常被省略。
eg:
Sheisnotfondofcooking,noramI(fondofcooking).
有时并列句中的省略部分出现在前面的分句时,要看完最后一个分句才能掌握全句完整的意义。
eg:
Shecan(speakEnglish)andoughttospeakEnglish.
●复合句的省略:
主句中的省略:
多见于句首,用于口语;在对话中,答句省去整个主句,只用从句。
eg:
---Whenshallwestart?
---(Weshallstart)Wheneveryoulike.
宾语从句的省略:
由which,when,where,why引导的宾语从句,可全部或部分省去,只保留引导词;在Ithink,Ibelieve,Ihope,Iguess,I’mafraid等作答句,后面跟“so”与“not”分别等于肯定或否定,宾语从句可省略。
eg:
Ourteacherwillcomehere,butIdon’tknowwhen(hewillcome).
定语从句的省略:
在定语从句中,关系不作主语时可以省略。
eg:
Heisthestudent(who/whom/that)wearetalkingabout.
修饰way或reason的关联词inwhich,that或why可以省略。
eg:
Thatistheway(inwhich/that)wesolvedtheproblem.
状语从句的省略:
在when,while,if,asif,though,as,until,whether等连词引导的状语从句中,如果谓语有be,而主语又跟主句的主语相同或是it时,则从句的主语和be常省略。
eg:
Lookoutforcarwhen(youare)crossingthestreet.
在虚拟语气中的省略:
在某些虚拟语气的句子中可以省略should。
eg:
MyteachersuggeststhatI(should)studymoreEnglishbeforegoingtoAmerica.
如果if引导的虚拟条件句中的谓语部分有should,were或者动词had,则可将这些词提到主语前,省略if。
eg:
HadThomasEdison,thegreatinventor,storedhismoney,hewouldhavediedawealthyman.
=IfThomasEdison,thegreatinventor,hadstoredhismoney,hewouldhavediedawealthyman.
1.---Canyoulendmetendollars?
---?
---Iwanttobuyaticket.
A.WanttomoneyB.WhattodoC.WhatforD.Howmuch
2.---Whydidn’tyougotothepartyyesterday?
---I,butmyfriendcamethemomentIwasleaving.
A.wasgoingtoB.willC.didD.had
3.---Goodbye!
I’mgladyou.
---,too.
A.tosee;IB.tohaveseen;MeC.tobeseen;MeD.seeming;I
4.webuyan