精读课程 Unit 11 exercise keys.docx

精读课程 Unit 11 exercise keys.docx

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精读课程Unit11exercisekeys

Unit11

I.Explaintheunderlinedpartineachsentenceinyourownwords.

1.faceupto=confrontbravely

2.letgoof:

stopholdingsomething放开，松手

e.g.Youcan’tgoonwellinlifeuntilyouletgoofyourpastfailuresandheartaches.

只有让你过去的失败和心痛离你远去，你才能在未来生活得更好。

Letgoofyournegativeoutlookonlife,alwaysmaintainapositiveattitude.不要对生活持否定的看法，要一直保持肯定的态度。

3.letoffthehook:

beallowedtogetawaywithoutbeingpunished摆脱困境，逃避惩罚

e.g.Theteacherlethimoffthehookwithawarningthistime.这一次老师放过他，只给了一个警告。

Let’sletourselvesoffthehookforthisone,shallwe?

所以让我们自己来摆脱这一次的困境好吗？

4.aneyeforaneye:

everyinjuryshouldbepaidback;retaliation以牙还牙

e.g.Aneyeforaneyeonlyendsupmakingthewholeworldblind!

以牙还牙，世界只会更加盲目！

Followingtheruleofaneyeforaneyewillonlyleadtofurthertragedies.依循以牙还牙的规则只会造成更多的悲剧。

5.viciouscircle:

asituationinwhichtheeffectofoneproblemcreatesanother,andcausesthefirstproblemtoreturn恶性循环

e.g.Thediseasecanleaduptoaviciouscircleoffurthertrouble.这一疾病会导致更加严重的疾病，从而形成恶性循环。

Thisbecomesanincreasinglyviciouscircleuntilheiswillingtochangehowhesees.这种恶性循环会愈演愈烈，除非他甘愿改变自己的看法。

II.Fillintheblankineachsentencewithawordorphrasetakenfromtheboxinitsappropriateform.

1.guidelines2.promoted3.reconciled4.viciouscircle

5.worth6.keep…undercontrol7.compelled8.forge

III.Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.

1.compelling2.acknowledgement3.promotion4.reconciliation

5.mutually6.invisible7.confrontation8.denial

1.compelv.强迫，迫使，使不得已

compelleda.强迫的

compellinga.有说服力的

e.g.大雪迫使我们呆在户内。

Theheavysnowcompelledustostayindoors.

他强迫他的女儿读她不喜欢的科目。

Hecompelledhisdaughtertostudythesubjectshedoesnotlike.

2.acknowledgev.承认，公认，告知收到，表示感谢，注意到

acknowledgementn.承认，确认，感谢

e.g.他不愿认输。

Heisunwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.

对我的申请，我还没有收到回信。

Ididn’treceiveanacknowledgementofmyapplication.

3.promotev.促进；提升，升迁；促销

promotionn.晋升；促进；提升

promotionala.推销的；晋升的

e.g.锻炼可增进健康。

Exercisepromoteshealth.

在这家公司里提升的机会很多。

Therearegoodchancesofpromotioninthisfirm.

4.reconcilev.和解，调和，妥协

reconciliationn.和解，调和

e.g.我们试图让她和她的父母和好。

Wetriedtoreconcileherwithherparents.

5.mutuala.共同的，相互的

mutuallyad.相互，共同

e.g.爱是相互的。

Loveismutual.

6.visiblea.可见的，看得见的

invisiblea.看不见的，无形的

e.g.从我旅馆房间的窗户可以望到大山。

Themountainisvisiblefromthewindowofmyhotelroom.

7.confront（v.）面临，对抗，遭遇

confrontation（n.）对审，面对面，面对

e.g.士兵常常要身临险境。

Asoldieroftenhastoconfrontdanger.

8.denyv.否认，拒绝给与

denialn.否认，拒绝

e.g.他的回答几乎等于拒绝。

Hisreplyapproachestoadenial.

V.Giveasynonymoranantonymofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.

1.Synonym:

well-intentioned

2.Antonym:

outer,external

3.Antonym:

unfairness,partiality,injustice

4.Synonym:

pardon,excuse

5.Synonym:

discharged,dismissed,sacked

6.Synonym:

below,under

7.Synonym:

enemy,opponent

8.Antonym:

current,present

VI.Provideineachspacethefullformforeachshortenedform.

1.WTOWorldTradeOrganization/WorldTourismOrganization

2.WHOWorldHealthOrganization

3.UNESCOUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization

4.EUEuropeanUnion

5.FBIFederalBureauofInvestigation

6.ASEANAssociationofSoutheastAsianNations

7.DIYdoityourself

8.UFOunidentifiedflyingobject

GrammarExercises

1.Useofdeterminers

Wordsthatprecedeanypremodifyingadjectivesinanounphraseandwhichdenotesuchreferentialmeaningsasspecificreference,genericreference,definitequantityorindefinitequantityarereferred

toasdeterminers.

1）Determinerswithallthreeclassesofnouns

Determinerssuchaspossessivedeterminers,genitivenounsandthedefinitearticleaswellassome,any,no,theother,andwhosecangowithallthethreeclassesofnouns.

e.g.thecarthecarsthemoney

hiscarhiscarshismoney

somebooksomebookssomemoney

2）Determinerswithsingularcountnounsonly

Determinerssuchasa（n）,one,

another,each,every,either,neither,manya,suchacanonly

collocatewithsingularcountnouns.

e.g.eachworkereverystudenteitherbookneitherboy

3）Determinerswithpluralcountnounsonly

Determinerssuchasboth,two,three,etc.,anothertwo/three,many,（a）few,several,these,those,a（great）numberofcanonlycollocatewithpluralcountnouns.

e.g.bothworkers（a）fewwordsseveralgirlsthese/thosetourists

4）Determinerswithnoncountnounsonly

Determinerssuchasa（little）bitof,agreatamountof,agreatdealof,（a）little,much,less,leastcanonlycollocatewithnoncountnouns.

e.g.muchnoise（a）littlecourageabitoffunalargeamountofmoneylessoil

5）Determinerswithsingularandpluralcountnounsonly

Determinerssuchasthefirst,thesecond,thelast,thenextcangowitheithersingularorpluralcountnouns.

e.g.thefirstrose/rosesthelastman/menthenextmeeting/meetings

6）Determinerswithsingularandnoncountnounsonly

Determinerssuchasthis,thatcancollocatewitheithersingularornoncountnouns.

e.g.this/thatjobthis/thatwork

7）Determinerswithpluralandnoncountnounsonly

Determinerssuchasalotof,lotsof,plentyof,enough,most,such,othercangowithpluralandnoncountnouns,butnotwithsingularnouns.

e.g.enoughcopiesenoughbreadmoreessaysmoretimemostpeople

Thisclassofdeterminersmayalsoincludelessandleast,

normallyoccurwithnoncountnouns,butinpresent-dayEnglish,especiallyininformalstyle,mayoccasionallyoccurwithpluralnouns.

e.g.Lessandlesspeoplecanaffordtogoabroadfortheirholidays.

PoliticalprogramsonTVattracttheleastviewers.

（Thisuseoflessandleastisregardedbysomeasnon-standard.）

2.Useofpronouns

Pronounsarevariedclosed-classwordswithnominalfunction.Englishhasadevelopedpronounsystem,comprisingpersonalpronounssuchasI,you,he,she,it,we,they,me,him,her,them,possessivepronounssuchasmy,mine,your,his,her,hers,its,our,ours,your,yours,their,theirs,reflexivepronounssuchasmyself,ourselves,yourself,yourselves,himself,herself,itself,themselves,reciprocalpronounssuchasoneanother,eachother,demonstrativepronounssuchasthis,that,these,those,interrogativepronounssuchaswho,whom,whose,what,which,relativepronounssuchaswho,whom,whose,that,whichandindefinitivepronounssuchassomebody,anybody,everybody,nobody,someone,anyone,everyone,noone,something,anything,everything,nothing,all,another,any,both,each,few,neither,none,some,etc.

e.g.There’ssomebodyatthedoor.

Didanybodyeverhearofsuchathing?

3.Useofgenitivecaseofnouns

Caseisagrammaticalterm.Itdenotesthechangesintheformofanounorapronounshowingitsrelationshipbothgrammaticallyandsemanticallywithotherwordsinasentence.

Thegenitivecaseofnounsisformedbyadding’stonouns.

e.g.mymother’sarrival,women’sclothes,mymother-in-law’sdeath,anhour’swork

Certainsemanticrelationsbetweennounphrasesmaybeexpressedbyagenitiveinpremodificationorbyaprepositionalphrase（usuallyanof-phrase）inpostmodification.

e.g.thetrunkofanelephant,theforeignpolicyofChina,thearrivaloftheprimeminister

I.Fillintheblankswithpronouns.

Key:

1.all,anything2.all3.she4.ones5.I,I

6.anything7.Anybody8.none9.it10.something,anyone/anybody

II.Correcttheerrors,wherefound,inthefollowingsentences.

Key:

1.everyone→everyone

2.each→every

3.mywholeluggage→allmyluggage

4.onmyselfonmyown/bymyself

5.thea

6.correct.

7.alittlelittle

8.mostmymostofmy

III.Comparetheitalicizedparts.

1.a.aportraitthatdepictsJohnb.aportraitthatJohnpossesses

2.a.non-uniquereferenceb.definitereference

3.a.talkingwithasenseofdisapprovalb.talkingaboutafact

4.a.informalb.formal

5.aglasstoholdwineb.aglasswithwineinit

6.a.abagusedforshoppingb.abagfullofshopping

7.a.vegetablesthataregrowninagardenb.agardenwherevegetablesaregrown

8.a.Mr.andMrs.Carteraretheownersofthebooksb.England’sproblemsandAmerica’sproblems

IV.Rephrasethefollowingsentences,usingthecorrectpossessiveforms.

1.Iamtakingaweek’sholiday.

2.IwasintroducedtoafriendofJohnandPeter’s.

3.Thepostofficeistwominutes’walkfromhere.

4.JohnrodeCharles’（s）bicycle.

5.Threemenhelpedtoorganizetheschoolsportsday.TheywereRobert’s,Peter’sandHenry’sfathers.

6.Wouldyouwantoneofmycat’skittens?

7.Ihadacupofcoffeeinthestationbuffet.

8.Atthepartywesanganddancedtoourheart’scontent.

V.choosetheexpressions.

1.b2.a3.b4.a5.a6.c7.c8.b

Translationexercises

I.EnglishChinese

1.承认仇恨将迫使我们作出决定，是否要对我们的灵魂进行可以称之为“宽恕”的手术。

2.当他说他的支持没能打动院长，因此感到非常抱歉时，她假装相信了他，可她无法保持这种两面性。

3.宽恕意味着用一种新的眼光去审视伤害我们的人，排除他的过错，看看那不道德的外衣下究竟是一个什么样的人。

4.如果所有的人都坚持“以眼还眼”式的正义，那么整个世界就像陷入黑暗。

II.ChineseEnglish

1.Asmyarticlewasover10,000words,Ifinallyhadtocutoutseveralparagraphstosatisfytherequirementsoftheacademicjournal.

Practice:

我们把不重要的细节删掉。

Letuscutouttheunimportantdetails.

我把那些我认为没有价值的东西删除了。

IhavecutoutsomeofthematerialwhichIfoundtobeoflittlevalue.

2.Thereisnorunningawayfromthefacts,sowemustfaceuptothetruthandpayforourmistakes.

Practice:

一个结婚的人必须承担他的责任。

Amarriedmanhastofaceuptohisresponsibilities.

人才外流是一个全球性的问题，不能面对这一新现实的国家，就将失去一些最为宝贵的资源。

Thebraindrainisauniversalphenomenon,