Unit1Howcanwebecomegoodlearners知识点整理教学内容.docx

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Unit1Howcanwebecomegoodlearners知识点整理教学内容.docx

Unit1Howcanwebecomegoodlearners知识点整理教学内容

Unit1Howcanwebecomegoodlearners?

语法

一.介词by的用法

1.by意为“通过”,其后常接名词或动词-ing形式。

用来表示“以、通过、用(某种方法或手段)”而达到某种预期的目的,常用来回答how引导的特殊疑问句。

bydoingsth意为“通过做某事”

—HowdoestheboyimprovehisspokenEnglish?

—Bytalkingwithaforeigner.

(1)—HowdoyoulearnEnglishsowell?

—chattingwithmyuncleinAmericaonline.

A.ByB.WithC.InD.And

(2)JacksonstudiedChineseby__________tapes.

A.listeningB.tolistenC.listeningtoD.tolisteningto

2.by+时间,意为“不迟于,在……之前”Ihavetogotobedbyteno’clock.

3.by+地点,意为“在……旁”Jimsatdownbythewindow.

4.by+交通工具,意为“乘……”Igotoschoolbybike.

5.由by构成的固定短语:

bytheway顺便说一下byoneself独自=alone

二.现在完成时的用法

(一)用法:

1.表示过去发生的某一动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果.常用的标志词有already(“已经”,用于肯定句),yet(“还,已经”,用于否定句和疑问句),ever(“曾经”),never(“绝不,从不”),just(“刚刚”),before(“以前”),once(“一次”),twice(“两次”).

Ihavealreadyeatenthedinner.(说明我现在饱了)。

Ihavealreadyseenthefilm.

(1)Youdon’tneedtodescribeher.I______herseveraltimes.

A.meetB.willmeetC.havemet

(2)—Hi,guys.Whereareyouheading(向……行进)now?

—Home.Weallourmoney,sowehavetowalkhomenow.

A.spendB.spentC.havespentD.arespending

(3)Haveyoueverseenhim________?

A.agoB.twodaysagoC.beforeD.justnow

2.表示过去发生的某一动作或状态,一直持续到现在。

经常与时间状语for+时间段,since+时间点或一般过去时从句,如:

forfiveminutes(5分钟)

since1985(自从1985年一直到现在).sincehewasfiveyearsold(自从他是五岁的时候一直到现在)

现在完成时的标志语还有sofar“到目前为止”

注意:

此时谓语动词要用延续性动词,若是非延续性动词要变成延续性动词。

leave-beawayborrow-keepbuy-havebegin-beondie-bedead

join-beamemberofgo/come-beinopen-beopenbecome-be

Ihavewaitedforyouforthreehours.我一直等你等了三个小时。

Hehasbeenawayforamonth.他已经离开一个月了。

(hasbeenaway不能用hasleft)

Herbrotherhasbeenamemberofarmyforthreeyears.(hasbeenamemberofarmy不能用hasjoinedarmy)

HanMeihaskeptthebooksincelastweek.(haskept不能用hasborrowed)

(1)Imyhometownforalongtime.Ireallymissit.

A.leftB.wentawayfromC.haveleftD.havebeenawayfrom

(2)—HowdoyoulikeyourEnglishteacher?

—Heisgreat.Wealllovehim.Wefriendssincethreeyearsago.

A.wereB.havemadeC.havebeenD.havebecome

(3)—Anna,youChineseisgood.haveyoubeeninChina?

—SinceIwasten.

A.HowlongB.HowfarC.HowoftenD.Howsoon

(4)Hasthemoviebegun?

Yes,it____forfiveminutes.

A.hasbegunB.beganC.hasbeenon

(二)现在完成时的肯定句,否定句和疑问句的构成

1.现在完成时的肯定句的构成是:

主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他.(have用于各种人称,has用于第三人称单数)

Hehasalreadypostedtheletter.(他已经寄了那封信)

2.现在完成时的否定句的构成是:

主语+have/has+not+动词过去分词+其他.

Hehasn’tpostedtheletteryet.他还没有寄那封信(注意:

否定句中要把already变成yet)

3.现在完成时的一般疑问句的构成是:

Have/Has+主语+动词过去分词+其他.

肯定回答是Yes,主语+have/has否定回答是No,主语+haven’t/hasn’t

Hashepostedtheletteryet?

Yes,hehas/No,hehasn’t

(三)have/hasgoneto与have/hasbeento的区别

1.have/hasgoneto意为“已经去……地方了(还没回来,不在说话人所在的地方)”

—WhereisLiLei?

—Hehasgonetoschool.

2.have/hasbeento意为“曾经去过……地方(已回来)

—Wherehaveyoubeen?

—Ihavebeentothelibrary.

(1)Sheisn’tatthecinemanowbecauseshethelibrary.

A.hasbeentoB.havebeentoC.hasgonetoD.havegoneto

(2)—IthinkthemanovertheremustbeBob.

—Itbehim.HehastoAustralia.

A.can’t;goneB.can’t;beenC.maynot;beenD.mustn’t;gone

(3)—HaveyoueverbeentoCanada?

—Yes,Itherelastyearwithmyparents.

A.havebeenB.havegoneC.wentD.go

(4)—WhereisJhon?

—He___thesupermarket.

A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.hasgone

SectionA

1.askforsth索要某物asksbforsth“向某人索要某物”

Heaskedhismotherforsomemoney.

(1)Healwaysasksmeadvicewhateverhedoes.

A.forB.on C.of

(2)Shewrotetoherfriendandinformationaboutcomputerprogramming.

A.askedfor B.wentforC.caredfor D.paidfor

2.thewaytodosth=thewayofdoingsth.“做某事的方法”

3.区分watch,see,read和look

(1)watch强调看正在运动或变化的事物。

多指看电视、录像、比赛、表演等。

(2)see用于看电影,Wesawawonderfulfilmyesterday.

另外see侧重于结果,指“看见,看到”Canyouseethebirdinthetree?

(3)read意为“看”时,指“阅读;朗读”,后面接书、报纸、杂志等。

Helikesreadingstorybooks.

(4)look强调“看”的过程,后面接宾语,则用lookat.

Lookattheblackboard,please.

Look!

Theboyiswatchingthefootballgame.Hisfatherisseeingafilm,andhismotherisreadinganewspaper.

(1)Jimhasmanybooks.Helikesthemverymuch.

A.readingB.seeingC.lookingD.watching

(2)!

YaoMingisinthebasketballgame.Let’sit.

A.Look;lookB.Watch;watchC.Look;watchD.Watch;look

4.haveconversationswithsb.“和某人交谈”

Hehadconversationswithhissonyesterday.

5.Whatabout…?

=Howabout…?

意为“……怎么样”或“……好不好?

”接代词宾格或动词-ing。

Ithinkthisisagoodidea.Whataboutyou?

WhataboutvisitingtheEastLake?

—Wedon’thavemuchhomeworkthisweekend.Canwegoouttogether?

—OK.Whataboutamovie?

A.toseeB.seeingC.seeD.sees

6.aloud“大声地,出声地”readaloud朗读

loudly“大声地,吵闹地”,强调声音喧闹,不悦耳。

Theboysaretalking____intheclassanditmakestheteacherunhappy.

A.aloudB.loudlyC.louderD.loud

7.在英语中,可以用动词不定式形式表示目的.译为“为了”。

Wehavetostudyhardtofindagoodjob.

(1)toschoolontime,Ineedtogetupat6:

00am.

A.GetsB.GettingC.TogetD.get

(2)Howkindyouare!

Youalwaysdowhatyoucanothers.

A.helpB.helpingC.helpsD.tohelp

8.practicedoingsth.“练习做某事”

WeshouldpracticeEnglishasmuchaspossible.

A.speakB.speakingC.tospeakD.speakin

9.thatway=inthatway用那种方法thisway=inthisway用这种方法

FinallyIfoundmyunclethatway.

10.It+is+形容词+(for/ofsb)todosth.意为“做某事对于某人来说是……的”在此句型中,it是形式主语,真正的主语是todosth。

当形容词是描述人的性格、品质的词如kind,nice,clever,foolish时用ofsb,其他大多都用forsb.

Itwasverydifficultformetofinishtheworkontime.

It’skindofyoutotellmethat.

It’spoliteforstudentshellototeachers.

A.tosayB.sayingC.saysD.say

11.alittle=abit=alittlebit=kindof意为“一点儿;少许”都可以用来修饰形容词/副词。

alittlebitquiet.此外,alittle还可以直接修饰不可数名词,而abit须和of连用才可以修饰不可数名词。

Theweatherhereisalittlebithot.alittlewater=abitofwater一点儿水

—Whatisyournewfriendlike?

—Sheisshy..

A.abitofB.alotofC.alittlebitD.akindof

12.Whydon’tyoudosth?

或Whynotdosth?

意为“你为什么不做某事呢?

Whydon’tyoubuyyourmothersomeflowers?

=Whynotbuyyourmothersomeflowers?

13.finishdoingsth“完成做某事”

Haveyoufinishedcooking?

Whynotyourteacherforhelpwhenyoucan’tfinishthestorybyyourself.

A.toask;writeB.toask;writingC.ask;writingD.asking;towrite.

14.常见的系动词可简记为:

一是be(am,is,are,was,were,)二是感觉feel,三是保持keep,stay,四是变become,get,turn,五是起来taste尝起来,smell闻起来,look看起来,sound听起来,feel摸起来后跟形容词作表语。

(1)Ifeeltoseethatmyhometownisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.

A.proudB.angryC.upsetD.lonely

(2)Thecookiesgood.CouldIhavesomemore?

A.tasteB.smellC.feelD.sound

(3)Whatisthematterwithyou?

Yousosad.

A.lookB.seemtohaveC.looklikeD.seemlike

15.祈使句的用法:

祈使句表示请求、命令、劝说、号召、警告等意思。

(1)肯定的祈使句:

以动词原形开头,动词原形前可以加Please,please也可放在句末。

Comeandhavefun.

(2)否定的祈使句:

“Don’t+动词原形+其他”Don’tsmokehere!

(1)____late.It’syourfirstdaytowork.

A.Don’ttobeB.Don’tbeC.Don’tD.No

(2)drawonthewall.

A.NotB.NoC.Doesn’tD.Don’t

16.祈使句在表示禁止时,可与含有mustn’t的句子互换

Don’tsmokehere.=Youmustn’tsmokehere.

17.记住两个表示“首先”的词:

atfirst,firstofall

(1)atfirst的意思是“起初,开始”,暗示后来的情况有所变化。

其反义词组是atlast意为“最后,终于”

AtfirstIdidn’twanttogo,butIsoonchangedmymind.

(2)firstofall的意思是“首先,第一”,相当于first,表示顺序,是时间上或一系列行为动作的开始,后面往往接next,then等。

Firstofall,openthewindows,thenturnoffthegas,andifnecessary,callanambulance(救护车).

(1)Ifwewanttoworkforourcountryinthefuture,weshouldhavestrongbodyandrichknowledge.

A.atfirstB.firstofallC.forthefirsttimeD.afterall

(2),theInternetwasonlyusedbythegovernment.Butnowit’swidelyusedineveryfield.

A.AsusualB.AtfirstC.AfterallD.Sofar.

18.trytodosth“试图做某事,尽力做某事”

Shetriedtocarrythebasket.

19.bepatientwithsb.“对某人有耐心”

Youshouldlearnhowtobepatient.

20.“the+比较级+主语+谓语,the+比较级+主语+谓语”意为“越……,就越……”

Thebusiersheis,thehappiershefeels.

Themoreyousmile,theyouwillfeel.

A.happyB.happierC.happilyD.morehappily

21.find+it+形容词+(forsb)todosth意为“发现做某事对某人来说什么样的”it是形式宾语,todosth是真正的宾语

Ifounditverydifficulttolearnhowtodrive.

(1)Wefindnecessarytoprotecttheearth.

A.itB.thisC.thatD.what

(2)MypenpalfounditdifficultChinesewell.

A.learningB.learnC.tolearnD.learned

22.thesecretto……的秘诀。

theanswertothequestion问题的答案

thekeytothebike自行车钥匙

23.so…that…“如此……以致于……”so意为“如此”,后接形容词或副词,that意为“以致于”,后接句子。

so…that…常和not…enoughto及too…to…进行同义句转换

Heistooyoungtogotoschool.=Heisn’toldenoughtogotoschool.=Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.

(1)Theproblemistoodifficultformetoworkout.(改为同义句)

Theproblemisn’tformetoworkout.

(2)Shewasangryshewalkedoutandclosedthedoorheavily.

A.so;thatB.too;andC.very;thatD.such;that

24.

(1)beafraidtodosth=beafraidofdoingsth.意为“害怕做某事”

(2)beafraidofsth意为“害怕某物”Sheisafraidofthedog.

(1)I’mafraidoutatnightalone.

A.goB.goingC.togoD.goes

(2)Thestudentis________seetheteacherbecausehe_______amistake.

A.afraidof;hasB.afraidto;hasmade

C.afraidto;makeD.afraidof;made

25.区分becauseof和because

(1)becauseof其后不接句子。

Wedidn’tgofishingyesterdaybecauseoftheheavyrain.

(2)because其后接句子.Heislateforshoolbecausehegetsuplate

(1)LiuXianghadtogiveuptheracehisfoot.

A.becauseofB.becauseC.thoughD.evenif

(2)Marydidn'tgettothepartyyesterday________shedidn'tfeelwell.

A.ifB.becauseC.butD.until

26.过去分词短语可作后置定语,意为“被……的”。

ThenovelswrittenbyLuXunareveryeducational.

aboycalled/namedLiLei一个被称作李雷的男孩

27.fallinlovewith意为“爱上(某人或某物)”

Theyfellinlovewitheachotherafterworkingtogetherformanyyears.

28.区分exciting和excited

(1)exciting意为“令人兴奋的”,修饰物。

Hetoldmetheexcitingnews.Thestoryisexciting.

(2)excited意为“感到兴奋的”,修饰人。

Whatare

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