Unit1Howcanwebecomegoodlearners知识点整理教学内容.docx

1、Unit1Howcanwebecomegoodlearners知识点整理教学内容Unit 1 How can we become good learners?语法一.介词by的用法1.by意为“通过”，其后常接名词或动词-ing形式。用来表示“以、通过、用（某种方法或手段）”而达到某种预期的目的，常用来回答how引导的特殊疑问句。by doing sth意为“通过做某事”How does the boy improve his spoken English?By talking with a foreigner. (1)How do you learn English so well? cha

2、tting with my uncle in America online.A. By B. With C. In D.And(2)Jackson studied Chinese by _ tapes.A. listening B. to listen C. listening to D. to listening to 2.by+时间，意为“不迟于，在之前”I have to go to bed by ten oclock.3.by+地点，意为“在旁”Jim sat down by the window.4.by+交通工具，意为“乘”I go to school by bike.5.由by构

3、成的固定短语：by the way顺便说一下 by oneself独自=alone二.现在完成时的用法(一)用法:1.表示过去发生的某一动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果.常用的标志词有already(“已经”,用于肯定句),yet(“还,已经”，用于否定句和疑问句),ever（“曾经”）,never（“绝不，从不”）,just（“刚刚”）,before（“以前”）,once（“一次”）,twice（“两次”）.I have already eaten the dinner.（说明我现在饱了）。I have already seen the film.(1)You dont need to de

4、scribe her. I _ her several times.A. meet B. will meet C. have met (2)Hi,guys.Where are you heading(向行进) now? Home.We all our money,so we have to walk home now.A. spend B.spent C. have spent D.are spending(3)Have you ever seen him _?A. ago B. two days ago C. before D. just now2.表示过去发生的某一动作或状态，一直持续到现

5、在。经常与时间状语for+时间段,since+时间点或一般过去时从句, 如：for five minutes（5分钟）since 1985（自从1985年一直到现在）.since he was five years old（自从他是五岁的时候一直到现在）现在完成时的标志语还有so far“到目前为止”注意：此时谓语动词要用延续性动词，若是非延续性动词要变成延续性动词。leave-be away borrow-keep buy-have begin-be on die-be deadjoin-be a member of go/come-be in open-be open become-beI

6、 have waited for you for three hours.我一直等你等了三个小时。He has been away for a month.他已经离开一个月了。（has been away不能用has left）Her brother has been a member of army for three years.（has been a member of army不能用has joined army）Han Mei has kept the book since last week.（has kept不能用has borrowed）(1)I my hometown for

7、 a long time.I really miss it.A. left B.went away from C. have left D.have been away from(2)How do you like your English teacher?He is great.We all love him.We friends since three years ago.A. were B.have made C. have been D.have become(3)Anna,you Chinese is good. have you been in China?Since I was

8、ten.A.How long B.How far C. How often D.How soon(4)Has the movie begun? Yes, it _ for five minutes.A. has begun B. began C. has been on(二)现在完成时的肯定句,否定句和疑问句的构成1.现在完成时的肯定句的构成是:主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他. (have用于各种人称,has用于第三人称单数)He has already posted the letter.(他已经寄了那封信)2.现在完成时的否定句的构成是:主语+have/has+not+动词过去

9、分词+其他.He hasnt posted the letter yet.他还没有寄那封信（注意：否定句中要把already变成yet） 3.现在完成时的一般疑问句的构成是:Have/Has+主语+动词过去分词+其他. 肯定回答是Yes，主语+have/has 否定回答是No，主语+havent/hasntHas he posted the letter yet? Yes,he has/No,he hasnt(三)have/has gone to 与have/has been to 的区别1.have/has gone to 意为“已经去地方了（还没回来，不在说话人所在的地方）”Where i

10、s Li Lei? He has gone to school.2.have/has been to 意为“曾经去过地方（已回来）Where have you been? I have been to the library.(1)She isnt at the cinema now because she the library.A.has been to B.have been to C.has gone to D.have gone to(2)I think the man over there must be Bob.It be him.He has to Australia.A. c

11、ant;gone B.cant;been C. may not;been D.mustnt;gone(3)Have you ever been to Canada?Yes,I there last year with my parents.A. have been B.have gone C. went D.go(4) Where is Jhon? He _ the supermarket.A. has gone to B. has been to C. has goneSection A1.ask for sth 索要某物 ask sb for sth“向某人索要某物” He asked h

12、is mother for some money.(1)He always asks me advice whatever he does.A. for B. on C. of(2)She wrote to her friend and information about computer programming.A. asked for B. went for C. cared for D.paid for2.the way to do sth=the way of doing sth.“做某事的方法”3.区分watch,see,read和look(1)watch强调看正在运动或变化的事物。

13、多指看电视、录像、比赛、表演等。 (2)see用于看电影，We saw a wonderful film yesterday.另外see侧重于结果，指“看见，看到” Can you see the bird in the tree?(3)read意为“看”时，指“阅读；朗读”，后面接书、报纸、杂志等。He likes reading storybooks.(4) look 强调“看”的过程，后面接宾语，则用look at. Look at the blackboard,please. Look! The boy is watching the football game.His father

14、is seeing a film,and his mother is reading a newspaper.(1)Jim has many books.He likes them very much.A.reading B.seeing C.looking D.watching(2) ! Yao Ming is in the basketball game.Lets it.A.Look;look B.Watch;watch C.Look;watch D.Watch;look4.have conversations with sb.“和某人交谈” He had conversations wi

15、th his son yesterday.5. What about? =How about?意为“怎么样”或“好不好？”接代词宾格或动词-ing。 I think this is a good idea.What about you? What about visiting the East Lake?We dont have much homework this weekend.Can we go out together?OK.What about a movie?A. to see B.seeing C. see D. sees6.aloud“大声地，出声地” read aloud 朗

16、读loudly“大声地，吵闹地”，强调声音喧闹，不悦耳。The boys are talking_ in the class and it makes the teacher unhappy.A. aloud B. loudly C. louder D. loud7.在英语中,可以用动词不定式形式表示目的. 译为“为了”。We have to study hard to find a good job.(1) to school on time,I need to get up at 6:00 am.A.Gets B.Getting C.To get D.get (2)How kind you

17、 are! You always do what you can others. A.help B.helping C.helps D.to help8. practice doing sth.“练习做某事” We should practice English as much as possible. A.speak B.speaking C. to speak D.speak in9. that way=in that way用那种方法 this way=in this way用这种方法 Finally I found my uncle that way.10. It + is+形容词+（

18、for/of sb） to do sth.意为“做某事对于某人来说是的”在此句型中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是to do sth。 当形容词是描述人的性格、品质的词如kind,nice,clever,foolish时用of sb，其他大多都用for sb.It was very difficult for me to finish the work on time. Its kind of you to tell me that.Its polite for students hello to teachers.A.to say B.saying C.says D.say11. a litt

19、le =a bit =a little bit=kind of意为“一点儿；少许”都可以用来修饰形容词/副词。a little bit quiet.此外，a little还可以直接修饰不可数名词，而a bit须和of连用才可以修饰不可数名词。The weather here is a little bit hot. a little water=a bit of water一点儿水What is your new friend like? She is shy.A. a bit of B. a lot of C. a little bit D. a kind of 12.Why dont yo

20、u do sth?或Why not do sth?意为“你为什么不做某事呢？”Why dont you buy your mother some flowers?=Why not buy your mother some flowers?13.finish doing sth“完成做某事” Have you finished cooking? Why not your teacher for help when you cant finish the story by yourself. A.to ask;write B.to ask; writing C.ask;writing D.aski

21、ng;to write.14.常见的系动词可简记为:一是be (am, is ,are ,was ,were,)二是感觉feel ，三是保持keep，stay,四是变become,get,turn，五是起来taste尝起来 ,smell 闻起来, look看起来, sound听起来，feel摸起来 后跟形容词作表语。(1)I feel to see that my hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.A.proud B.angry C.upset D.lonely(2)The cookies good. Could I have some

22、more?A. taste B. smell C. feel D. sound(3)What is the matter with you? You so sad.A.look B.seem to have C.look like D.seem like15.祈使句的用法：祈使句表示请求、命令、劝说、号召、警告等意思。(1)肯定的祈使句：以动词原形开头，动词原形前可以加Please,please也可放在句末。Come and have fun.(2)否定的祈使句：“Dont+动词原形+其他”Dont smoke here!(1)_ late. Its your first day to wor

23、k. A. Dont to be B. Dont be C. Dont D. No (2) draw on the wall.A. Not B. No C. Doesnt D. Dont16.祈使句在表示禁止时，可与含有mustnt的句子互换Dont smoke here.=You mustnt smoke here.17.记住两个表示“首先”的词：at first,first of all(1)at first的意思是“起初，开始”，暗示后来的情况有所变化。其反义词组是at last意为“最后，终于”At first I didnt want to go,but I soon changed

24、 my mind.(2)first of all的意思是“首先，第一”，相当于 first，表示顺序，是时间上或一系列行为动作的开始，后面往往接next,then等。 First of all,open the windows,then turn off the gas,and if necessary,call an ambulance(救护车).(1)If we want to work for our country in the future, we should have strong body and rich knowledge.A.at first B.first of all

25、 C.for the first time D.after all(2) ,the Internet was only used by the government.But now its widely used in every field. A.As usual B.At first C.After all D.So far.18.try to do sth“试图做某事，尽力做某事” She tried to carry the basket.19.be patient with sb.“对某人有耐心” You should learn how to be patient.20.“the+

26、比较级+主语+谓语，the+比较级+主语+谓语”意为“越，就越”The busier she is ,the happier she feels.The more you smile,the you will feel.A.happy B.happier C.happily D.more happily21.find+it+形容词+(for sb) to do sth意为“发现做某事对某人来说什么样的”it是形式宾语，to do sth是真正的宾语I found it very difficult to learn how to drive.(1)We find necessary to pr

27、otect the earth.A.it B. this C. that D. what (2)My pen pal found it difficult Chinese well. A.learning B.learn C.to learn D.learned22.the secret to的秘诀。 the answer to the question问题的答案 the key to the bike自行车钥匙23.sothat“如此以致于”so意为“如此”，后接形容词或副词，that意为“以致于”，后接句子。sothat常和 notenough to及tooto进行同义句转换He is t

28、oo young to go to school.=He isnt old enough to go to school.=He is so young that he cant go to school.(1)The problem is too difficult for me to work out.(改为同义句)The problem isnt for me to work out.(2)She was angry she walked out and closed the door heavily. A.so;that B.too;and C.very;that D.such;tha

29、t24.(1)be afraid to do sth=be afraid of doing sth.意为“害怕做某事”(2)be afraid of sth意为“害怕某物” She is afraid of the dog.(1)Im afraid out at night alone.A. go B. going C. to go D. goes(2)The student is _ see the teacher because he_ a mistake.A. afraid of; has B. afraid to; has made C. afraid to; make D. afra

30、id of; made 25.区分because of和because(1)because of其后不接句子。We didnt go fishing yesterday because of the heavy rain.(2)because其后接句子.He is late for shool because he gets up late (1)Liu Xiang had to give up the race his foot.A. because of B. because C. though D.even if(2) Mary didnt get to the party yester

31、day_ she didnt feel well.A. if B. because C. but D. until26.过去分词短语可作后置定语，意为“被的”。 The novels written by Lu Xun are very educational. a boy called/named Li Lei 一个被称作李雷的男孩27.fall in love with意为“爱上（某人或某物）” They fell in love with each other after working together for many years.28.区分exciting和excited (1)exciting意为“令人兴奋的”，修饰物。 He told me the exciting news. The story is exciting. (2)excited意为“感到兴奋的”，修饰人。 What are