习题外研版选修8 Module 2课下能力提升十.docx

习题外研版选修8 Module 2课下能力提升十.docx

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习题外研版选修8Module2课下能力提升十

课下能力提升（十）

Ⅰ.根据提示写出单词的正确形式

1．Weowe（应给予，感激）alottoourteachers.

2．ThismeatissotoughIcanhardlychew（咀嚼）it!

3．Fordessert（甜食）,youcanhaveicecreamorapplepie.

4．Childrenshouldlearnaboveallhowtoobservegoodmanners（礼仪）attable.

5．Thefillings（馅）canbeeithermeatorvegetables.

6．Alotofpoisonous（poison）wastefromthechemicalworkspollutedtheriver.

7．Hiscakesweresotasty（taste）thathesoldthemindozens.

8．Weclimbedupenergeticallyandbreathedthefreshairgreedily（greed）．

9．XiaoWangisdoinghisbesttomeetthe_requirements（require）ofhisparents.

10．Thestudentsbegintheirclassesatafixed（fix）time.

Ⅱ.选词填空

owe...to，endup，makeout，goagainst，beobsessedwith，getusedto，accordingto，toone'ssurprise1．Jackwent_againsthisparents'wishesandmarriedablindgirl.

2．YesterdayLucy'sbirthdaypartyended_upwithaHappyBirthdaysong.

3．Janecouldn't_make_outwhatDavidwassaying,butshepretendedtolistentohimcarefully.

4．Weowedoursuccesstogoodluck.

5．Afterhearingtheconcert,sheis_obsessed_withclassicalmusic.

6．Hegotuplateinthepast,andnowhehasgot_used_togettingupearly.

7．To_our_surprisehehasbeenawayfromhomeforyears.

8．Theybothplayedthegameaccording_totherules.

Ⅲ.完成句子

1．第一次去深圳时我迷了路。

Ilostmywaythe_first_timeIwenttoShenzhen.

2．难怪他非常生气，他的妈妈不允许他玩电脑游戏。

No_wonderhewasquiteangry;hismotherdidn'tallowhimtoplaycomputergames.

3．他说他确实来看过我，但是我当时不在。

Hesaidhedid_cometoseeme,butIwasn'tin.

4．你在睡觉前闻一闻这些花，可能会终得美梦。

Smelltheflowersbeforeyougotosleep,andyoumayjustend_up_with_sweet_dreams.

5．尽管他们是兄弟俩，他们却毫无共同之处。

Thoughtheyarebrothers,theyhave_nothing_in_common.

Ⅳ.阅读理解

A

ThespreadofWesterneatinghabitsaroundtheworldisbadforhumanhealthandfortheenvironment.ThosefindingscomefromanewreportinthejournalNature.

DavidTilmanisaprofessorattheUniversityofMinnesota.Inthestudy,heexaminedinformationfrom100nationstoshowwhatpeopleateandhowdietaffectedhealth.MrTilmannotedamovementbeginninginthe1960s.Hefoundthatasnationsindustrialized（工业化）,populationincreasedandearningsrose.MorepeoplebegantoadoptwhathasbeencalledtheWesterndiet.TheWesterndietishighinsugar,fat,oilandmeat.Byeatingthesefoods,peoplebegantogetfatterandsicker.

“Thefood,letussay,inthe15richestnationsoftheworld,rightnowcontainsabout400or500extracalories（热量）adaythatareeatenbeyondwhatpeopleneed,andthatleadspeopletogainweight.”

DavidTilmansaysoverweightpeopleareatgreaterriskfordiseaseslikediabetes,heartdiseaseandsomecancers.DiabetesisshootingtoveryhighratesintheUnitedStatesandacrossEurope.HeartdiseaseisamajorcauseofdeathintheWesternnations.Unfortunatelywhenpeoplebecomeindustrialized,iftheyadoptthisWesterndiet,theyaregoingtohavethesesamehealthproblems.

Adietbadforhumanbeings,itseems,isalsobadfortheenvironment.Astheworld'spopulationgrows,expertssaymoreforestsandareaswillbecomefarmlandforcropsorgrasslandsforraisingcattle.Theseareaswillbeneededtomeettheincreasingdemandforfood.

MrTilmancallsthelinkbetweendiet,theenvironmentandhumanhealth,“adilemma”，asituationwhereitisverydifficulttodecidewhattodo.HesaysonepossiblesolutionisleavingtheWesterndietbehind.

1．Whydidpeoplegetfatterinthe1960s?

A．Theyatefoodshighincalories.

B．Theyadoptedawesternlifestyle.

C．Theysetasidelittletimeforexercise.

D．Theyhadabetterlifeandbecamelazier.

解析：

选A　推理判断题。

根据第二段最后三句可知人们接受了西方的饮食，它们含有很多的糖、脂肪、油和肉，因为它们含有较高的卡路里，所以吃这些东西很容易发胖。

2．Accordingtothetext,overweightpeoplemaysufferthefollowingdiseasesEXCEPT________.

A．diabetes　　　　　　　　B．skindisease

C．cancersD．heartdisease

解析：

选B　细节理解题。

根据第四段的第一句“DavidTilmansaysoverweightpeopleareatgreaterriskfordiseaseslikediabetes,heartdiseaseandsomecancers.”可知选B项。

3．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph5?

A．Therewillbefewerandfewerforests.

B．Peoplewon'tcareabouttheenvironment.

C．Theworld'spopulationwillgrowfasterthanever.

D．Raisingcattlewillbethemostmoneymakingbusiness.

解析：

选A　推理判断题。

根据第五段中第二、三句可知森林将会变得越来越少，人将会变得更多，但没有提到人口增长会更快，故选A项。

4．Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassage?

A．Totellpeopleeffectivewaystokeephealthy.

B．TocallonpeopletogiveuptheWesterndiet.

C．Toshowtheproblemsindustrializednationsarefacing.

D．Todrawpeople'sattentiontoenvironmentalprotection.

解析：

选B　写作目的题。

根据文章的最后一句可知所有的这些问题的解决办法就是摆脱西方的饮食。

B

TheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO）saysthewidespreaduseofsugarinfoodproductsanddrinksisamajorconcerninmanyareas.SoWHOofficialsarecallingongovernmentstorequiretaxesonsugarydrinks.Theofficialsbelievethetaxesalsowouldreducetheriskofhealthproblemsresultingfromobesity（肥胖）．

Obesityisaconditioninwhichthebodystoreslarge,unhealthyamountsoffat.Anewreportsaysthatin2014morethanonethirdoftheadultsintheworldwereoverweight,and500millionwereconsideredobese.TheUnitedNationsagencyestimatesthatin2015,42millionchildrenunderage5wereeitheroverweightorobese.AlmosthalfoftheseboysandgirlsliveinAsiaandonefourthinAfrica.

TheU.N.agencyblamesunhealthydietsforariseindiabetescases.Therearemorethan400millioncasesofthediseaseworldwide.TheWHOsays1.5millionpeoplediefromiteveryyear.Itsaystheuseofsugarinfoodproductsanddrinksisamajorreasonfortheincreaseinratesofobesityanddiabetes.

TemoWaqanivaluiswiththeagency.HetoldVOAthattaxingsugarydrinkswouldreduceconsumptionandsavelives.WaqanivalunotedthatMexicoenacteda10percenttaxonsugarydrinksin2014.Hesaidbytheendoftheyear,therewasa6percentdropintheconsumptionofsuchdrinks.Amongpoorpeople,thenumberofpeoplewhoconsumedsugarydrinksdroppedby17percent.

TheWHOsayspeopleshouldlimittheamountofsugartheyconsume.Itsaystheyshouldkeeptheirsugarintaketobelow10percentoftheirtotalenergyneeds,andreduceittolessthan5percentforimprovedhealth.

语篇解读：

本文是说明文。

鉴于目前世界肥胖人口数量的增长，世界卫生组织呼吁政府向含糖饮料征税，希望以此来降低其消费量。

5．Whyaretaxesonsugarydrinksrequired?

A．Tolimittheiruseandpopularity.

B．Toreadjusttheeconomicstructure.

C．Towarnpeopletochangetheirlifestyle.

D．Toensurethemarket'sdiversedevelopment.

解析：

选A　细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“TheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO）saysthewidespreaduseofsugarinfoodproductsanddrinksisamajorconcerninmanyareas.SoWHOofficialsarecallingongovernmentstorequiretaxesonsugarydrinks”可知此举是为了限制含糖饮料的使用及盛行。

故选A。

6．Whatdothefiguresinthesecondparagraphsuggest?

A．Adultobesityisignoredatpresent.

B．Obesityisasevereworldwideproblem.

C．Obesitycanblockeconomicdevelopment.

D．Obesityismostseriousindevelopedcountries.

解析：

选B　推理判断题。

根据第二段中的“in2014morethanonethirdoftheadultsintheworldwereoverweight,and500millionwereconsideredobese”“in2015,42millionchildrenunderage5wereeitheroverweightorobese.AlmosthalfoftheseboysandgirlsliveinAsiaandonefourthinAfrica”可知，作者在第二段中引用多种数据是为了说明肥胖在全球范围内是一个严峻的问题。

故选B。

7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“enacted”meaninthepassage?

A．Abolish.B．Pass.

C．Promise.D．Reduce.

解析：

选B　词义猜测题。

根据上文的“taxingsugarydrinkswouldreduceconsumptionandsavelives”可知，对含糖饮料征税会减少消费和挽救生命，下文Waqanivalu所举的墨西哥的例子就是为了印证这一观点，故画线词所在句表示的是墨西哥在2014年通过了对含糖饮料征收10%的税的法律。

由此可知，画线词意为“通过（法律）”，故选B。

8．WhatdoestheexampleofMexicoprove?

A．Taxpoliciesareunfairtothepoor.

B．Sugarydrinksareathreattohealth.

C．Thepoorconsumemoresugarydrinks.

D．Taxingsugarydrinksmakesadifference.

解析：

选D　推理判断题。

根据倒数第二段中的“...bytheendoftheyear,therewasa6percentdropintheconsumptionofsuchdrinks.Amongpoorpeople,thenumberofpeoplewhoconsumedsugarydrinksdroppedby17percent”可知，作者援引墨西哥的例子是为了说明对含糖饮料征税是起作用的。

Ⅴ.阅读七选五

WhenitcomestotheInternet,passwordswhichpeopleoftenuseareunderfire.__1__Researchhasshownthatpasswordsarenotaverygoodwaytoprotectsensitiveinformation.

Peoplewouldusesomerandomcharacters,numbersandsymbols.Furthermore,auniquepasswordwouldbeusedforeverysiteorapplicationtheuseruses.Unfortunately,themorecomplextheybecome,themorepeoplearelikelytoforgettheirpasswords.Thelongerthepasswordsare,themoreeasilyforgottentheyare.__2__

GoogleistryingtokilloffthepasswordonAndroiddevicesbyintroducingtheTrustAPI,whichdoeswhatsimplepasswordscannot.Itgivesdevelopersaframeworkforsecuringtheirapplicationsusinganumberofsecuritysystemsandmetrics（指标）onthedevice.ATrustScorewillbegeneratedbasedonthemetricsthedevicegathers.__3__

TheTrustScorewillbegeneratedbasedonbothmetricslikeyourdevicelocation,facescanning,fingerprintandsoon.Takenoneatatime,thesemetricsarenotsecure.Buttakentogether,thesemetricswillhelpdefinethereal“you”．

__4__Thissummer,GooglewillberunningtestswithsomebankstoseeifTrustAPImeetstheirneedsbeforerollingouttoalldeveloperslaterthisyear.ItmaytakeanotheryearforappsandpopularsitestostartusingtheTrustAPI.

Thisisaprettyexcitingchange.Passwordshavebeenaroundforlongandalthoughthesecurityofsystemshasbeenimproved,theconvenienceofsystemshasn'tbeenimprovedmuch.__5__MaybethatneverendingconflictbetweensecurityandconveniencewillbeabletotakeabreakoncetheTrustsystemcomesout.

A．Googleappearstohavethebestofthem.

B．Actuallyit'sbeenunderfireforalongtime.

C．Peopletendtocaremoreabout