虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题.docx

虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题.docx

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虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题

虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题

虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。

英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种：

一、与现在事实相反

连接词

条件从句

结果从句

If

1.动词过去式（或were）

2.助动词（过去式）+动词原形

Should

Would+动词原形

could

might

Ifhadthetime,JohnwouldmakeatriptoChinatoseetheGreatWall.

IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveupdrinkingimmediately.

二.与将来事实相反

连接词

条件从句

结果从句

If

1.    should+动词原形

2.    动词过去式

3、wereto+动词原形

Should

Would+动词原形

could

might

Ifyoushouldlose,whatwouldyoudo?

IfIweretoseehertomorrow,Iwouldtellherthetruth.

Ifyouwenttherenexttime,youwouldseewhatImean.

三、与过去事实相反

连接词

条件从句

结果从句

If

had+过去分词

Should

Would+have+过去分词

could

might

IfI’ddnownthatitwasgoingtorain,Iwouldneverhavegoneforawalkinthecountry.

四、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法

省掉if的条件从句结构：

Hadyouaskedme,Iwouldhavetoldyou.（=Ifyouhadaskedme,…）

2.有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如：

Atruefriendwouldnotdosuchathing.

（=Ifhewereatruefriend,he...）

（=Iftherewerenowater,…）

（=Ifyouhadn’thelpedme,…）

3.    有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如：

Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldbequiteallrightnow.

IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonehome.

五、虚拟语气的其他用法

1、Suggest,advise等动词之后宾语从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下：

suggest,advise,recommend,demand,

require,insist,urge,request,order,+that…（should）+动词原形

devide,ask,move,propose等

注意：

在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。

Hesuggestedthatthey（should）stopsmoking.

上述动词的名词形式出现时，that引导的从句仍用虚拟语气。

Hemadearequestthatthey（should）stopsmoking.

如果that引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。

Heinsiststhatheisright.

2、Itis（was）+necessary,apity等+that引导的从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下：

imperative,advisable,动词完成式

Itis（was）+important,natural,necessary,+that…（should）+

essential,strange,等动词原形

Itisimportantthatyou（should）followthedoctor’sorders.

Itisrightthatyoushouldhavedoneyourhomework.

3、wish的用法

动词过去式或were—与现在事实相反

主语+wish（that）+主语+动词过去完成式—与过去事实相反

助动词过去试+动词原形—与将来事实相反

IwishIwereapopsinger.（=IamsorryIamnotapopsinger..）

IwishIhadneverstoppedteaching.（=IamsorryIstoppedteaching.）

Iwishthey’dletusgetsomesleep.

注意：

wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：

hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。

wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气。

试比较：

（1）Wehopetheywillcome,（Wedon’tknowiftheycancome.）

（2）Wewishtheycouldcome,（Weknowtheyarenotcoming.）

4、asif,asthough,would（had）rather（that）引导的从句须用虚拟语气，如：

Heactsasifnothinghadhappened.

Iwouldratheryoudidn’ttellhim.

5、It’s（high）timethat…+动词过去式或should+动词原形，如：

It’stime（that）youhadahaircut.

It’shightime（that）wetooksomeaction.

虚拟语气专项练习题

（1）.IfIyou,Iwouldgobyplane.Flyingismuchfaster.

A.beB.wasC.wereD.am

（2）.IdonotthinkthosepeoplearereallyEnglish.Iftheywere,theyspeak

wishFrenchaccents.

A.don'tB.willnotC.mustn'tD.wouldn't

（3）today,wouldwebeabletogettherebyTuesday?

A.WereweleavingB.Ifweleave

C.WouldweleaveD.Werewetoleave

（4）.IfJonetomorrow,whatwouldyoudo?

A.werenottocomeB.willnotcome

C.wouldnotcomeD.hadnotcome

（5）.“Shedidn'taskme,soIdidn'thelpher?

”

“Youmeantosay,youwould'vehelpedher?

”

A.ifsheaskedyouB.ifsheweretoaskyou

C.hadsheaskedyouC.wereshetoaskyou

（6）.Theytooktheinjuredstraighttothehospital.Otherwisesomeofthem.

A.mighthavediedB.mightdieC.woulddieD.coulddie

（7）.Iftheyhadknownhim,tohim?

A.wouldtheyhavetalkedB.wouldtheytalk

  C.hadtheytalkedD.theywouldtalk

（8）.IfIlivedinthecity,Itravealincrowededbuses,butItoseelotsof   films.

A.shallhaveto/shallbeableB.shallhaveto/amable

C.wouldhaveto/wereableD.wouldhaveto/wouldbeable

（9）.Iwouldhavegonetotheconcert,ifItime.

A.hadhadB.havehadC.hadD.wouldhavehad

（10）.Iknowit,Iwouldhavetoldyou.

A.HaveB.IfC.HadD.Having

（11）.yourhelp,Iwouldnothavesucceeded.

A.BecauseB.BecauseofC.ButD.Butfor

（12）.“WhatdidMrSmithsayabouthiscareer?

”

“Onlythatifheamillionaire,hewouldhavefewerworries.”

A.didnotbecomeB.hadnotbecome

C.doesnotbecomeD.hasnotbecome

（13）.“Whydidn'tyouhelphim?

”

“IwouldhaveIdidn'thavethemoney.”

A.stillB.butC.otherwiseD.or

（14）.“WhoshouldgotoseeLiYing?

Heisilltoday.”

“IsuggestWangHong.”

A.goesB.wouldgoC.goD.went

（15）.Thehousemasterwasstrict.Herequestedthatwetelevisiononweek 

nights.

A.notwatchB.mustnottowatch

C.notbewatchingD.havenotwatch

（16）.Ican'tspeakJapanese,butIdowishI.

A.canB.couldC.hadD.speak

（17）.“Areyouenjoyingyourstayhere?

’

“Yes,verymuch.IwishIhavetoleavesosoon.”

A.won'tB.don'tC.mustn'tD.didn't

（18）.“Whatwillyoudoduringthesummerholidays?

”

“Idon'tknow,butit'sabouttimeonsomething.”

A.I'mdecidingB.I'lldecideC.IdecidedD.I'ddecided

（19）.I'dratheryouanythingaboutitforthetimebeing.

A.sayB.didn'tsayC.don'tsayD.notsay

（20）.“Whydoyouhavetobethereatsix?

”

“Theteacherdemandsthateveryoneinhisseatatsix.”

A.wouldbeB.canbeC.beD.willbe

（21）.Hemakesanoteoftheassignmentlestheit.

A.forgetsB.forgetC.willforgetD.willnotforget

（22）.“howdoesthelibrarianact?

”

“Heactsasifheawalkingdictionary.”

A.wereB.beC.isD.hasbeen

（23）.Thereisalawthatdrunkendriversseverelypunished.

A.wereB.areC.beD.willbe

（24）.IwishyouinterruptwhenI'mtalkingonthephone.

A.willnotB.wouldnotC.donotD.didnot

（25）.Henrytalkstohisdogasifithim.

A.understandsB.understoodC.understandD.wouldunderstand

（26）.Jefflookedasifheaghost.

A.sawB.hasseenC.hadseenD.wouldsee

（27）.Givehermybestregards,.

A.shouldyouseehertodayB.ifyousawhertoday

C.ifyouwouldseehertodayD.shouldyouhaveseenhertoday

（28）.Therewasasuggestionbytheteachersthatthemeetingpostponedforaweek.

A.hadbeenB.wouldbeC.wasD.shouldbe

（29）.ItishighlydesirablethateveryefforttoreducepollutioninBeijing.

A.wasmadeB.bemadeC.willbemadeD.wouldbemade

（30）.Themanagerwouldratherthathiswifeworkinthesameofficeashedose.

A.doesnotB.didnotC.wouldnotD.willnot

（31）.Theteacherinsistedthatweallbackbytwoo'clock.

A.beB.tobeC.wouldbeD.shallbe

（32）.Ididn'tgotothefootballmatch,butIdowishIthere.

A.wentB.wasC.wereD.hadbeen

（33）.Itishightimewedrugtrafficking.（贩毒）

A.didawaywithB.doawaywith

C.didawayD.shoulddoawaywith

虚拟语气专项练习题参考答案

（1）C

（2）D（3）D（4）A（5）C（6）A（7）A（8）D（9）A（10）C

（11）D（12）B（13）B（14）C（15）A（16）B（17）D（18）C（19）B

（20）C（21）B（22）A（23）C（24）B（25）B（26）C（27）A（28）D

（29）B（30）B（31）A（32）D（33）A