牛津上海版八年级初二下册英语 第15讲首字母填空技巧点拨.docx

牛津上海版八年级初二下册英语 第15讲首字母填空技巧点拨.docx

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牛津上海版八年级初二下册英语第15讲首字母填空技巧点拨

授课日期

时间

主题

首字母填空技巧点拨

学习目标

1.掌握首字母填空的解题技巧||；

2.能根据上下文准确判断出所缺单词的意思||；

3.能选用正确的单词形式填空

教学内容

1.处理上次课后巩固作业

2.互动探索

【知识梳理1】

首字母填空解题步骤

【知识梳理2】技巧详解之浏览全文||，把握大意

Ø首先要对文章内容有个总体把握。

要通读首字母填空的短文||，跳过空格快速阅读||，了解全篇的主要内容。

Ø其次要重视文中的主题句。

首字母填空选用的短文一般不给标题||，但短文的主题句||，往往在每段文章的首句||，有时也出现在文章的中间或结束处。

主题句提供全篇的性质、大意等||，这是深入了解全文的“窗口”。

我们甚至能以主题句为立足点||，从该句的时态、语气推测全文的主要内容。

Ø再次||，要利用语境进行联想。

利用上下文的提示||，用学过的知识和已有的生活经验||，扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍。

【例题精讲】

✧例1.The2019LondonOlympicGamesareontheway.YoumayhaveanicetripinLondonwiththehelpofthefollowinginformation.

Theundergroundisfastandconvenient.

Travellingbybusisagoodwaytoseethecity||，especiallyfromthetopofadouble-deckerbus.

TakeatraintovisitplacesoutsideLondon||，likeHamptonCourtandWindsorCastle.

London'sblacktaxisaref1___.

The"riverbus"leavesfromWestminsterPierandstopsatdifferentplacesbetweenWestminsterandGreenwichPier.

Don'tdriveyourcarinLondon!

Therearen'tmanygoodbicyclelanesinLondon.

Thebestwaytovisitthecity!

Butlookrightandleftbeforeyoucrossastreet.

✧例2.Often||，doctorstellsomepeopletogoondiets（节食）.Thedoctorshopethedietswillmakethepeoplefeelb1___.Theyhopethedietswillmakethepeoplehealthy.

Alanawasonadiet||，butshedidn'tlikeitatall.

ThenthedoctorputFrankonadiet.Itwasadifferentkindofdiet.

【巩固练习】

AsurveyhasbeenpublishedwhichshowsthatBritishpeopledon'tliketheirneighboursverymuch.

Accordingtothesurvey||，theb___1___problemisnoise.

Theothermainproblemsaredisagreements（不和）aboutcarparkingspaces||，andoldpeoplecomplainingabouttheyoung.    

Anothersurveyshowsthat90%oftheneighboursnevershareameal||，80%haveneverhadadrinkt___2___and20%haveneverevenspoken.

Onesolutiontosuchproblemsistotalkaboutthemwithaprofessionalorganizationand||，ifnecessary||，tosignawrittenagreement.

【知识梳理2】技巧详解之熟记短语||，注重语境

Ø短语经常会出现在首字母填空的考题中||，如果平时能注意词组、短语的整体记忆||，掌握它们的搭配规律||，在做首字母填空时就能得心应手||，减少失误。

另外||，词语搭配也值得注意。

从语法角度来说||，句子不是词的序列||，而是词组的序列。

如：

savethemoney（2019年中考）||，haveaninterestingtalkwith（2019年中考）||，afewyearago（2019年中考）等。

Ø但从历年中考的试题看||，注重上下文的关系对解题显得更为重要。

【例题精讲】-熟记短语

✧例1.Youcancollectanything||，fromstampstotoystofootballmatchprogrammestooldphotos.Infact||，somepeoplehaveextraordinary（不寻常的）collections.

Forexample||，RobertOpiecollectsthingsweusuallyt___1____away||，thingslikeoldnewspapers||，sweetpapersandboxes.HehasmorethanaquarterofamillionthingsinhiscollectionandyoucanfindsomeoftheminhisownmuseuminGloucester||，UK…

WhenStuartGrahamfromSydney||，Australiadiedaged87||，heleftb2someextraordinarycollections.HissonAndyonlydiscoveredStuartwasakeencollectorwhenhefoundacollectionofover5||，000oldbustickets||，3||，000oldmatchboxesand1||，000toysoldiers.

✧例2.“Sorry||，”hisfriendinterrupted（打断）.“TodayI’mgoingwhereverthewindblows.”Thisanswerwassod___1___fromtheboy’sexpectation（预期）thathehadnothingtosay.Later||，theboytoldhismotheraboutit.Hismothersaid||，“Youshouldaskhimwhathewoulddoiftherewerenowind.”

高频短语

✧thinkabout/of/over

✧keep/enjoy/practice/finishdoing

✧atleast/most

✧either…or/neither…nor/both…and

✧bethankfulto

✧bedifferentfrom

✧befamiliarto/with

✧bepleased/satisfiedwith

✧befilledwith/befullof

【巩固练习】

1.WhencartooncharactersliketheIncredibleHulkgetangry||，theychangecolorsandoftengetspecialpower.Intherealw__1___||，angerislessobvious…

Theyalsohavefewerheadaches||，lowerbloodpressure（血压）||，andfewerproblemsonsleeping.Soitdoesn’tm___2___ifyourangeriscausedbythetrafficorotherthings.Learningtoletitgoisimportant.Wayssuchasd___3___breathcanhelpyoualot||，orjustaskyourselfifit’sworthhurtingyourselfbystayingangrywithsomeoneelse.

2.Ireallylikereadingandwritingshortstories.Thesestoriesareusuallyabout6to20pageslongwhichf1onaninterestingperson||，aproblemwhichthepersonhad||，andwhathappenedwhenthepersontriedtosolvetheproblem.Allsocietiesseemtohaveanoralstorytellingtraditioninwhichpeoplemett2totelleachothershortstories||，andinwhichparentstoldtheirchildrenstoriesatbedtime.

【例题精讲】-注重语境

例1.Ialsolikereadingnovels.OneofmyfavouritenovelsiscalledLifeofPi.ItiswrittenbyaCanadiancalledYannMartel||，andisaboutanIndianboywhospendsalongtimeatseaafterashipwreck（海难）a1__withnobodybutatiger.Whataboutyou?

Doyouhaveafavouritenovel?

例2.Sometimesstressisgoodforpeople.Itp1peopletodotheirbest||，likewhilegettingreadybeforeabigcompetitionorexam…

Whenyoufeelstressed||，therearesomewaysyoucandealwithit.Learningtoworkoutsmallproblemsineverydaylifeish2.Itcanhelpbuildconfidencetomoveontolife’sbiggerones.

【巩固练习】

1.“Thereisnolovewhichismoresincerethantheloveoffood||，”saidAnglo-IrishwriterGeorgeBernardShaw.LikeBernardShaw||，manywriterse1foodverymuch||，andtheysayandwriteinterestingthingsaboutit.

2.Butone’spersonalitydoesn’tstophere.Familylife||，schoollearningandlifeexperiencecanalsomakeyouthepersonyouare.Thisdoesn’tmeanit’si1tochangeyourpersonality.Youcanalwaystrytomakeyourselfbetter…

【知识梳理3】技巧详解之关注语法||，合乎逻辑

语法知识对做好首字母填空十分重要。

词汇根据语法规则确定各自的位置。

如①介词后的代词必然是宾格||；②物质名词一般不用复数||；③形容词必须放在不定代词后||；④行为动词的否定句和疑问句应由助动词do构成||；⑤情态动词后加动词原形等。

【例题精讲】

✧例1.FourthgradestudentWesleyGibsonexplained||，“Thebusisthebestwaytogettoschool.Icanrelaxandchatwithmyfriendswhilethebusdriverdoesallthework.S1Ievenfinishmyhomeworkonthebus!

”Another25%ofWayviewstudentsared2toschoolbytheirparentseveryday…

Fifth-graderAlexisWangisoneofthe20%ofWayviewstudentswhowalktoschooleachday.Shesaid||，“Walkingtoschoolisbetterthanthebusorcarbecauseyougetm3exercise.”Another20%ofWayviewstudentsridetheirbikes.ChrisMadsensaidhelikesridinghisbikebecause“it’sfasterthanwalking||，andyoucanracewithyourfriends.”

ThelastgroupofWayviewstudentsgettoschoolbyridingscooters.Thenumberofstudentsridingscooterstoschoolhasi4.Lastyear||，only5%ofthestudentsrodescooters||，andthisyearit’s10%.

✧例2.Whenthereisonlyoneparent||，ofcoursetheresponsibilitiesoflookingafterthechildrenaremuchh___1___forhimorher.Theyhavetoworkoutallthethingsbythemselves.Theyjusthopethateverythinggoesrighteveryday.

高频考点

✧the+形容词最高级

✧much/even+比较级

✧have/has+过去分词

✧介词+doing（for/of/with/without/to）

✧副词修饰动词

✧介词+代词（宾格）

✧感官动词+形容词（adj.）

✧被动语态（bedone）

【巩固练习】

✧1.Thestudiesfindthatpeoplewhoareabletoforgivefeellessstress||，lessbackpain||，andlessdepression.Theyalsohavefewerheadaches||，l___1___bloodpressure（血压）||，andfewerproblemsonsleeping.

✧2.Barcodes（条形码）changeaswell.Barcodesinthepastwere1-D||，butnowthereare2-Dbarcodes||，suchasQRcode.Since2009||，QRhasbeenusedonChinesetraintickets.Peoplecanenterstadiums||，cinemasandtheatersbyh1certaintypesofbarcodes…

Ifyoufindthesebarcodethingsboring||，abarcodebuildingmightbemoreupyourstreet.InStPetersburg||，Russia||，thereisabuildingdesignedlikeabarcode.Itl2strange||，butit’sactuallyashoppingmall.Therearegamestoo.BarcodeMonstersisamobilephonegame.Youhavetoscanbarcodesandfindthemonsters!

【知识梳理4】技巧详解之细心检查||，避免疏漏

完成填空后||，要细心检查每一个填空处是否有笔误或疏漏的地方。

有些同学为自己全部填出了而沾沾自喜||，常常不是少了s||，就是忘了加ed||，这是很可惜的。

【巩固练习】Readthepassageandfilltheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格内填入适当的词||，使内容通顺||，每空格限填一词||，首字母已给）（14分）

Imaginethis:

romanceisallaroundyou||，youhavemetandfalleninlovewiththemostwonderfulperson.Theonlytroubleis||，youarenotathome||，youareinacompletelydifferentpartofthew1.Howdoyouletthatspecialpersonknowhowyoufeel?

France

Theonlyplacetosay'JET'AIME'（Iloveyou）isonaParisbridgeinthemoonlight.IfyoureallywanttogofortrueFrenchstyle||，youwillneedtodressverysmartlyandgotoafashionableFrenchrestauranta2youhavesaidthemagicalwords.

Japan

ThecherryblossomseasonisthemostromantictimeofayearinJapan.I3yourboyfriend/girlfriendinthepolitestwaypossible（youshouldalwaysbeaspoliteaspossibleinJapan!

）||，setupanicelittlepicnicu4acherryblossomtreeandsay'SUKYO'

Russia

Itmightbeminus6degreeswhenyousay'YATYEBYALYUBLYU'||，butthes5willbefallingaroundyouinStPetersburg.Thereisnoscenemoreromantic||，andyouwon'tevenfeelthecold—yourheartwillbesow___6inside!

Indonesia

GosurfingontheIndonesiawatersofSumatraandseetheboyorgirlofyourdreams.Wakeuptoabeautifulsunrise||，gosurfinginthecoolwatersalldayandr7intheevenings.AnytimeisOKtosay'SAYACINTAPADAMU'!

Whereveryoucomefrom||，onlysay'Iloveyou'whenyoutrulymeanit.Theymayonlybethreelittlewords||，buttheyarepowerfulwordsinanylanguage!

基础题：

（A）

Somepeoplebelievethatschoolswillnotbenecessaryinthenearfuture.TheysaythatbecauseoftheInternetandothernewtechnology||，thereisnoneedforschoolbuildings||，classesort1.Perhapsthiswillbetrueoneday||，butiftheworldhadnoschools||，Icouldn’timaginehowoursocietywouldbe.

Infact||，weshouldlearnhowtousenewtechnologytomakeschoolsb2.Weshouldinventanewkindofschoolthatisl3tolibraries||，museums||，sci