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英语课堂新坐标高三一轮复习课后作业36
课后作业(三十六)
Ⅰ.语法和词汇知识
1.Hedevotedhimselftotheresearchandas________result,hemade________breakthrough.
A.a;/ B./;/
C./;aD.a;a
【解析】 句意:
他专心研究,因此,取得重大突破。
asaresult意为“因此”;makeabreakthrough意为“取得重大突破/进展”。
【答案】 D
2.(2013届济南检测)Jackcamefromapoorfamily,sohisparentshadto________alottopayforhiseducation.
A.accuseB.qualify
C.purchaseD.sacrifice
【解析】 考查动词辨析。
accuse控告,指控;qualify取得资格;purchase购买;sacrifice牺牲。
【答案】 D
3.________andhappy,Tomstoodupandacceptedtheprize.
A.SurprisingB.Surprised
C.BeingsurprisedD.Tobesurprising
【解析】 考查形容词在句中作状语的用法。
surprising多用来描述一件事或某个物品的性质,排除A、D;C项用来指正在发生的动作,与题意不符。
B项用来描述人的心理状态,为形容词作伴随状语。
【答案】 B
4.Mycarwasstolenlastyearanditwasfound________twomonthslater.
A.tobeabandonedB.abandoning
C.abandonedD.beingabandoned
【解析】 abandoned在句中作主语补足语,与主语car之间构成被动关系,汽车被遗弃,故用过去分词。
【答案】 C
5.Icouldhaveofferedyousomehelplastweekend,butI________withmyworkatthattime.
A.wouldbeoccupiedB.wasoccupying
C.hadbeenoccupiedD.wasoccupied
【解析】 句意:
上周末我本能给你帮助的,但我当时忙于工作。
前句为虚拟语气,后句中有atthattime为真实情况,是陈述语气。
beoccupiedwith/in...忙于做某事。
【答案】 D
6.Themaninsistedthathe________themoney.
AshouldnotstealBnotsteal
C.hadnotstolenD.wouldnotsteal
【解析】 本题中的insist表示“坚持说”,其后的宾语从句中不使用虚拟语气,用陈述语气。
因动作steal发生在insisted之前,故使用过去完成时。
【答案】 C
7.Ididn'tknowanybodyattheparty,butthehostess________mefrombeingembarrassedbyintroducingmetosomepeople.
A.helpedB.resisted
C.rescuedD.refused
【解析】 句意:
在聚会上我一个人也不认识,女主人通过把我介绍给一些人来帮我解围。
rescuesb.from(doing)sth.使某人免去了……。
【答案】 C
8.Itisrequestedthatthereporter________toblameforthewrongreport.
A.referringtobeB.referringtoas
C.referredtobeD.referredtobeing
【解析】 考查referto及虚拟语气。
此处referredto相当于一个定语从句即whowasreferredto。
又request后面从句中的谓语要用(should)+动词原形结构,故选C。
【答案】 C
9.(2013届德州模拟)Aftermanyyears'attempts,China________managedtosendthreeastronautstospacein2012.
A.awfullyB.eventually
C.latelyD.actually
【解析】 eventually“最后”,符合题意。
awfully“可怕地,非常地”;lately“最近,近来”;actually“事实上”。
【答案】 B
10.—Shallthebikeberepairedbyhim?
—No,I'dratherhe________it________.
Awillhave;repairB.has;repair
C.had;repairedD.has;repaired
【解析】 wouldrather之后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气,表示:
宁愿让别人做某事。
从句中用动词过去式表示现在或将来要做的事。
havesth.done请别人做某事。
故C项正确。
【答案】 C
11.Thejudgeshaddifferentideasabouttheresults,soitwastwohoursbeforetheresultswere________.
A.criedoutB.letout
C.announcedD.declared
【解析】 句意:
裁判们对成绩有不同的意见,所以两小时后才宣布成绩。
cryout喊出来;letout泄露;announce多用于宣布人们所关心或感兴趣的事情;declare常指官方正式宣布。
【答案】 D
12.________thepoorlivingconditions,theycontinuetogatherinthesuburbanvillagesbecauseoflowrentsandeasytransport.
A.ExceptB.Insteadof
C.DespiteD.Incaseof
【解析】 句意:
尽管生活条件差,他们还是继续聚在市郊的村里,因为那里房价低廉,交通便利。
despite尽管,符合题意。
【答案】 C
13.Thefirespreadfast.Luckily,thelocalgovernmenthadbroughtitundercontrol________thesituationgotworse.
A.thoughB.until
C.beforeD.since
【解析】 考查状语从句的连接词。
根据语意,“在形势恶化以前”可知选C。
【答案】 C
14.(2013届潍坊质检)Heoftenstandsatthewindow________hecanseewhatishappeninginthestreet.
A.fromthereB.fromwhere
C.thatD.which
【解析】 考查fromwhere引导的定语从句。
句意:
他常站在窗户旁,从那里能看见街上在发生什么事。
如果先行词是介词的宾语,且where在从句中指主语所处的地点时,where前加from。
在意义上相当于andfromthere(从那儿)。
【答案】 B
15.—Thankyouforgivingyouropinion.We'lltakeitintoconsideration.
—Thankyou,too.________
A.Cheers!
B.Weweren'tsupposedtodothat.
C.You'rewelcome.
D.Weappreciatedtheopportunitytotalk.
【解析】 句意:
“谢谢您的观点。
我们会考虑的。
”“也谢谢您。
我们感谢这次讲话的机会。
”Cheers意为“加油”;Weweren'tsupposedtodothat意为“我们不该这么做”;You'rewelcome意为“不用谢”;Weappreciatedtheopportunitytotalk意为:
我们感谢这次讲话的机会。
【答案】 D
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1.他又饿又累地回到家里。
(形容词作状语)
_________________________________________________________________
2.还没有等我解释那件事,他就离开了。
(before)
_________________________________________________________________
3.她登上山顶,从那里她可以一览全城风光。
(fromwhere+定语从句)
_________________________________________________________________
4.尽管天气不好,我们的假期过得还是很愉快。
(despite)
_________________________________________________________________
5.令每一人吃惊的是,这个计划最后成功了。
(toone'sastonishment)
_________________________________________________________________
【答案】 1.Hearrivedhome,hungryandtired. 2.HeleftbeforeIcouldexplainit. 3.Sheclimbeduptothetopofthehill,fromwhereshecouldhaveagoodviewofthewholetown. 4.Wehadawonderfulholidaydespitethebadweather. 5.Toeveryone'sastonishment,theplansucceededatlast.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2013届江西省高三联考考试)China'seconomyhasenjoyedanannualgrowthof10percentoverthepast30years,buthowlongcansuchhighspeedgrowthlast?
AccordingtostudiesbyDevelopmentResearchCenteroftheStateCouncil,China'sgrowthpatternissimilartothatofGermany,whichexperiencedaslowdowninthelate1960s,Japan,whichexperiencedaslowdownintheearly1970s,andSouthKorea,whichexperiencedaslowdowninthelate1990s.TherearealreadysignsemergingthatChina'sgrowthratewillslowinthenextfewyears.
First,infrastructure(基础设施)investment,themostimportantengineofgrowth,isdecliningasaproportionoftotalinvestment.In2006,itwasmorethan30percent,whileitdroppedto22percentin2011.AsChina'shighgrowthrateismainlydrivenbyitshugeinvestmentininfrastructure,ifinfrastructureinvestmentdrops,thegrowthratewillslow.
Second,inthelastthreeyears,thegrowthrateoftheprovincesandmunicipalitieswithgoodeconomicperformancealongthesoutheastcoast,whosetotalGDPaccountsformorethanhalfofthenationalGDP,haslaggedbehindotherregions.
Third,peopleareworriedaboutpotentialrisksinlocalgovernments'financingplatformsandintherealestatemarket.Tobemorespecific,peopleareconcernedwhethertheirinvestmentsintheseareaswillpayoff.Accordingtoourresearch,thepotentialgainsintheseareasarenotparticularlygreat.
Takingallthesesignsintoconsideration,itseemsthetransitionfromhighspeedgrowthtointermediatespeedgrowthmayhavealreadybegun.
Althoughsomemayhaveapessimisticviewoftheslowdown,itisactuallyanormalpatternofeconomicgrowth.
However,someofficials,especiallythosefromlocalgovernments,believetheslowdownisaresultofgovernmentpolicies,andthatifweneedto,wecanintroducestimuluspoliciestospeedupthegrowthrate.Butthisbeliefisincorrect.Asthegrowthrateisalreadyslowing,ifweapplyadministrativemeanstospeedupthegrowthrate,itmayworkforashortperiodbutitwillnotlastforlong,andmayevenhavesevereunwantedconsequences.Forexample,thegovernmentinJapantriedtostimulateitseconomyinthelate1980s,butthisledtoassetbubblesandlongtermeconomicrecession.Itisalessonweshouldheed.
OurestimateforChina'seconomicgrowthintheintermediatespeedperiodisaround6to7percent,whichthecountryhasthepotentialtomaintainfor10,15oreven20years.Duringthetransitionperiodoverthenexttwotothreeyearswehopetoseeastableannualgrowthrateof8to9percent.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇对中国经济现状及未来走向的评论性文章。
作者认为中国经济增长率下滑的情况是正常的,在未来的10到20年中,中国经济将能保持中速增长。
1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A.InfrastructureinvestmenthasagreateffectonChina'seconomicgrowthrate.
B.China'seconomicgrowthpatternissimilartothatofSouthKorea,whichexperiencedaslowdowninthelate1990s.
C.Inthelastthreeyears,theeconomicgrowthrateofsoutheastcoastareahasfallenbehindotherregions.
D.It'sthoughtthattheslowdownofChina'seconomyisduetogovernmentpolicies.
【解析】 正误判断题。
根据倒数第二段前两句的内容可知,有些官员,尤其是地方政府官员认为中国经济增长率下滑是由政府的政策导致的,但这种观念是不正确的。
因此D项表述不正确。
【答案】 D
2.Thewriterthinksit________forChinatoexperienceaslowdown.
A.worryingB.shameful
C.painfulD.normal
【解析】 细节理解题。
根据倒数第三段的内容可知,作者认为中国经济增长率下滑是很正常的,因此选D。
【答案】 D
3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.
A.Japanhasexperiencedaslowdownsincetheearly1970s
B.in2011,China'sinfrastructureinvestmentdroppedbyatleasteightpercentcomparedtothatin2006
C.people'sinvestmentwillcertainlypayoffthoughpotentialgainsarenotparticularlygreat
D.mostpeoplehaveapessimisticviewofeconomicslowdown
【解析】 推理判断题。
根据第三段的第二句“In2006,itwasmorethan30percent,whileitdroppedto22percentin2011.”可知,2011年中国的基础设施投资比2006年降低了至少8个百分点,因此选B。
【答案】 B
4.Wecanreadthepassageinthe________partofanewspaper.
A.scienceB.business
C.commentD.education
【解析】 推理判断题。
通读全文可知,本文是一篇对中国经济现状及未来走向的评论性文章,因此该文章应登在报纸的评论部分。
【答案】 C
5.What'sthefollowingpassagelikelytotalkabout?
A.HowChinacanimproveitscompetitivenessduringthetransitionperiod.
B.Howpeoplewillinvestduringthetransitionperiod.
C.HowlonghighspeedgrowthinChinacanlastafterbubblesandlongtermeconomicrecession.
D.Theeconomicdevelopmentofothercountries.
【解析】 推理判断题。
根据文章的最后一句“Duringthetransitionperiodoverthenexttwotothreeyearswehopetoseeastableannualgrowthrateof8to9percent.”可推知,接下来文章会介绍“在过渡期,中国如何提高其竞争力”。
【答案】 A
B
(2013届山东济宁模拟)Thecommoncoldistheworld'smostwidespreadillness,whichisplagues(疫病)thatfleshreceives.
Themostwidespreadfallacy(谬误)ofallisthatcoldsarecausedbycold.Theyarenot.Theyarecausedbyvirusespassingonfrompersontoperson.Youcatchacoldbycomingintocontact,directlyorindirectly,withsomeonewhoalreadyhasone.Ifcoldcausescolds,itwouldbereasonabletoexpecttheEskimostosufferfromthemforever.Buttheydonot.AndinisolatedArcticregionsexplorershavereportedbeingfreefromcoldsuntilcomingintocontactagainwithinfectedpeoplefromtheoutsideworldbywayofpackagesandmaildroppedfromairplanes.
DuringtheFirstWorldWarsoldierswhospentlongperiodsinthetrenches(战壕),coldandwet,showednoincreasedtendencytocatchcolds.
IntheSecondWorldWarprisoners