第五章作业中英文对照word.docx

第五章作业中英文对照word.docx

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第五章作业中英文对照word

第五章作业（中英文对照）

第五章受弯构件一、选择题1．对于承受均布荷载的热轧H型钢简支梁，应计算（）A．抗弯强度、腹板折算应力、整体稳定、局部稳定B．抗弯强度、抗剪强度、整体稳定、局部稳定C．抗弯强度、腹板上边缘局部承压强度、整体稳定、容许挠度D．抗弯强度、抗剪强度、整体稳定、容许挠度1.ForhotrolledH-shapedcrosssectionsteelbeambearingdistributedload,（）shouldbechecked.A．bendingstrength,equivalentstressontheweb,overallstabilityandlocalstability.B．bendingstrength,shearstrength,overallstabilityandlocalstability.C．bendingstrength,localbearingstressatupperedgeoftheweb,overallstability.D．bendingstrength,,shearstrength,overallstability,allowabledeflection.2．以下计算，使用毛截面特性的是（）A．梁的弯曲正应力B．梁的剪应力C．折算应力D．疲劳验算2.Inwhichofthefollowingcalculation,thegross-sectioncharacteristicisadapted?

（）A．BendingnormalstressofthebeamB．ShearstressofthebeamC．EquivalentstressD．Fatiguecheck3．某一在主平面内受弯的实腹式构件，当截面上有螺栓孔时，下列何项计算要考虑孔洞削弱？

（）A．构件变形计算B．构件整体稳定性计算C．构件抗弯强度计算D．构件抗剪强度计算3.Forsolid-webmembersbendinginprincipleplane,supposingthatboltholesappearsinthecross-section,weakenfactorsoftheboltholesshouldbeconsideredduringthecalculationof（）.A．calculatingthedeformationofthememberB．checkingtheoverallstabilityofthememberC．checkingthebendingstrengthofthememberD．checkingtheshearstrengthofthemember4．设计焊接工字形截面梁时，腹板布置横向加劲肋的主要目的是提高梁的（）A．抗弯刚度B．抗弯强度C．整体稳定性D．局部稳定性4.InthedesignoftheweldedI-shapedcrosssectionbeams,themaintargetofarrangingtransversestiffenerstothewebsistoensurethe（）ofthebeamA．FlexuralstiffnessB．FlexuralresistanceC．overallstabilityD．localstability5．梁的支承加劲肋应设置在（）A．弯曲应力大的区段B．剪应力大的区段

C．上翼缘或下翼缘有固定作用力的部位D．有吊车轮压的部位5.Bearingstiffenersshouldbearrangedat（）ofthebeamA．wherethebendingstressisgreatB．wheretheshearstressisgreatC．wheretheconcentratedforceactedD．wherethewheelloadacted6．在梁的整体稳定计算中，若稳定系数为1.0，说明该梁（）A．处于弹性工作阶段B．不会丧失整体稳定C．梁的局部稳定必然满足D．不会发生强度破坏6.Duringthecalculationtotheoverallstabilityofthebeam,theconditionthatthestabilitycoefficientis1.0indicatesthat（）A．thebeamisinelasticstageB．overallbucklingwouldnothappenC．thebeamwouldsatisfytherequirementsofavoidinglocalbucklingD．thestrengthfailurewouldnothappen7．梁承受固定集中荷载作用，采用以下何项措施是合适的？

（）A．加厚翼缘B．在集中荷载作用处设置支承加劲肋C．增加横向加劲肋的数量D．加厚腹板7.Forbeambearingthedeterminedconcentratedload,whichofthefollowingeffectsisfavorable?

（）A．ThickentheflangeofthebeamB．ArrangebearingstiffenersatwheretheconcentratedloadsappliedC．Increasethenumberofthetransversestiffeners.D．Thickenthewebofthebeam8．验算无集中荷载作用时工字形截面梁的折算应力，公式为f1223，这里、应为（）A．验算截面的最大正应力和最大剪应力B．验算截面的最大正应力和验算点的剪应力C．验算截面的最大剪应力和验算点的正应力D．验算截面中验算点的正应力和剪应力8.WhilecheckingtheequivalentstressoftheI-shapedcross-sectionbeamwithoutbearingconcentratedloads,theexpressionf1223isapplied.Inthisexpression,,represents（）.A．themaximumnormalstressandshearstressofthecheckingsection;B．themaximumnormalstressofthecheckingsectionandtheshearstressofthecheckingpoint;C．themaximumshearstressofthecheckingsectionandthenormalstressofthecheckingpoint;

D．thenormalstressandshearstressofthecheckingpointinthecheckingsection9．跨中无侧向支承的焊接截面梁，当验算整体稳定不满足时，宜采取以下何项措施？

（）。

A．加大梁的截面积B．加大梁的高度C．加大受压翼缘板的宽度D．加大腹板的厚度9.Forweldedcrosssectionbeamswithoutthelateralsupportsinthemid-span,iftheoverallstabilitycouldnotbesatisfied,whichofthefollowingmeasuresshouldbeadapted?

（）A．Increasethecross-sectionofthebeamB．IncreasetheheightofthebeamC．WidenthewidthoftheflangeundercompressionD．Thickenthewebofthebeam10．受压翼缘由刚性铺板连牢的梁，不必考虑计算的是（）。

A．强度B．刚度C．整体稳定D．局部稳定10.Forbeamthatrigiddeckingissecurelyconnectedtothecompressionflangeofit,itisnotnecessarytocheckthe（）ofthebeam.A．strengthB．stiffnessC．overallstabilityD．localstability11．双轴对称工字形截面梁，经验算，其强度和刚度正好满足要求，而腹板在弯曲应力作用下有发生局部失稳的可能。

在其他条件不变的情况下，宜采用下列何种方法可以保证梁的局部稳定？

（）A．增加梁腹板的厚度B．降低梁腹板的高度C．用强度更高的材料D．设置加劲肋11.FordoublesymmetricI-shapedcrosssectionbeam,localbucklingispossibletoappearsundertheactionoftheflexuralstresswhilethestrengthandthestiffnesscanjustbesatisfiedthroughthechecks.Ifmaintainingotherconditionsbeingequal,whichofthefollowingmeasurescouldensurethelocalstabilityofthebeam?

（）A．IncreasethethicknessofthewebB．ReducetheheightofthewebC．AdaptmaterialswithhigherstrengthD．Arrangelateralsupports12．验算工字形截面梁受压翼缘的局部稳定性时要求/bt应小于某一限值，这里，b的含义为（）。

A．翼缘板外伸宽度B．翼缘板全部宽度C．翼缘板全部宽度的1/3D．翼缘板的有效宽度12.WhilecheckingthelocalstabilityofthecompressedflangeoftheI-shapedcrosssectionbeam,the/btshouldbelowadeterminedlimit.Here,brepresents（）.A．theoutstandsoftheflange

B．thewidthoftheflangeC．the1/3widthoftheflangeD．theeffectivewidthoftheflange13．防止梁腹板发生局部失稳，常采取加劲措施，这是为了（）A．增加梁截面的惯性矩B．增加截面面积C．改变构件的应力分布状态D．改变边界约束板件的宽厚比13.Inordertopreventthelocalbuckingofthewebofthebeam,arrangingthestiffenerstothewebisadapted,soasto（）.A．increasetheinertiamomentofthebeamsectionB．increasetheareaofcrosssectionC．changethestressdistributingstateofthebeamD．changethewidthtothicknessratiooftheboundaryconstraintplates14．焊接工字形截面梁设计时估算最小梁高minh，若用Q345钢材代替Q235钢材，则minh如何变化？

（）A．变大了B．变小了C．不变D．条件不充足，无法确定14.TheestimatingminimumheightoftheweldedI-shapedsectionbeamisminh,iftheQ345isappliedtoreplacetheQ235steel,howwouldthevalueofminhchange?

（）.A．IncreasingB．DecreasingC．InvariantD．Thevariationcannotbedeterminedduetothelackofconditions15．加强受压翼缘的单轴对称工字形等截面简支梁，跨中有一集中荷载作用在腹板平面内，下列各荷载作用位置。

何者的整体稳定性最好？

（）A．上翼缘（受压翼缘）上表面B．形心与上翼缘之间的截面剪力中心C．截面形心D．下翼缘（受拉翼缘）下表面15.ForreinforcedcompressionflangewithsinglysymmetricI-shapedsimplesupportbeamwithuniformsection,aconcentratedforceisappliedtothemid-spanwebplane.Whichofthefollowingloadpositionsismostfavorabletotheoverallstabilityofthebeam?

（）.A．Theuppersurfaceoftheupperflange（theflangeundercompression）B．ShearcenterofthesectionbetweenthecentroidandtheupperflangeC．CentroidofthesectionD．Thelowersurfaceofthebottomflange（theflangeundertension）16．对于焊接工字形等截面简支梁，当其整体稳定性不能满足要求时，采用下列何项措施能最有效提高整体稳定性？

（）A．加厚受压翼缘B．加厚受拉翼缘C．采用更高强度的钢材D．在梁跨中受压翼缘处设置侧向支承

16.ForweldedI-shapeduniformsectionsimplysupportbeam,iftheoverallstabilityofthebeamcouldnotbesatisfied,theoverallstabilitycanbeimprovedbywhichofthefollowingmeasures?

（）A．ThickenthecompressionflangeB．ThickenthetensionflangeC．AdaptthesteelwithhigherstrengthD．Arrangethelateralsupportatthemid-spancompressionflangeofthebeam17．某焊接工字形等截面简支梁，若最大弯矩值一定，在下列不同形式的荷载作用下，何者的整体稳定性最差？

（）A．两端有相等弯矩作用（纯弯曲作用）B．满跨均布荷载作用C．跨中点有集中荷载作用D．在距离支座1/4跨度处各有相同一集中力17.ForweldedI-shapeduniformsectionsimplysupportbeam,ifthemaximummomentisdetermined,underwhichtypeofthefollowingloadstheoverallstabilityismostunfavorable?

（）A．Therearesamevaluedmomentappliedtobothendsofthebeam（purebendingactions）B．Therearedistributedforceapplyingtothefull-spanofthebeam.C．Thereisaconcentratedforceapplyingtothemid-spanofthebeam.D．Therearetwosameconcentratedforcesapplyingtothe1/4spanawayfromthesupportofbeam.18．一焊接工字形截面梁，腹板计算高度0h＝2400mm，根据腹板局部稳定计算和构造要求，需要在腹板一侧配置钢板横向加劲肋，其经济合理的截面尺寸是（）A.－8120B.－8140C.－10150D.－1218018.ForweldedI-shapedsectionbeam,theeffectiveheightoftheweb0h＝2400mm,inaccordancewiththecalculationtothelocalstabilityofthewebandtheconstructionrequirements,thetransversestiffenersshouldbearrangedtoonesideoftheweb.Therefore,whichdimensionofthetransversestiffenersisbotheconomicalandreasonable?

（）A.－1208B.－1408C.－15010D.－1801219.为了提高荷载作用在上翼缘简支工字形梁的整体稳定性，可在梁的（）加侧向支承，以减小梁出平面的长度。

A.梁腹板高度的12处B.靠近梁上翼缘的腹板011（~）54h处C.靠近梁下翼缘的腹板011（~）54h处D.上翼缘处19.InordertoimprovetheoverallstabilityofthesimplesupportI-shapedbeamwhichtheloadisappliedtotheupperflange,lateralsupportcanbearrangedtothe（）ofthebeam,which

aimsatreducingtheout-ofplanelengthofthebeam.A.1/2heightofthewebB.1/5~1/4heightawayfromtheupperflangeofthewebC.1/5~1/4heightawayfromthebottomflangeofthewebD.upperflange二、简答题1.简述影响钢梁整体稳定因素有哪些？

2.采用高强度钢材对提高梁的整体稳定性是否有益，为什么？

三、计算题1.Simplysupportbeamsubjectedtoauniformlydistributedliveload（norequirementoftakingaccountofdeadweight）,Q235Bsteelisused.I32a，l=6m，allowabledeflection250][l，partialcoefficientis1.4forthedeadloadsandis1.2forliveloads，bendingmomentsaboutx-axis，accordingtonormalstressandrigidcondition,Determinedesignloadofthebeam.2/235（mmNfy，2/215mmNf，45384xqlEI,25/1006.2mmNE）。

2.Asimply-supportmainbeamshowninfollowFigure,P=250kN（designvalue,fromsecondarybeams）,Q235steelisused，f=215N／mm2，Vf=125N／mm2,05.1x1）Checkthestrengthofthemainbeam.2）Checkthelocalstabilityofplates3.ThefigureshowstheweldedI-shapedsimplesupportbeam.Alateralsupportisarrangedatthemid-spanupperflangeofthebeam,thematerialisQ345B,thedesignvalueofconcentratedstatic

loadPis300kN.Pleasechecktheoverallstabilityofthebeam.4.Thespanofasimplesupportbeamis5.5m,astaticdistributedloadisappliedtotheupperflangeofthebeam,thestandardvalueofdeadloadis10.2kN/m（thedeadweightisnotconcluded）,thestandardvalueofliveloadis25kN/m.Supposedthatthecompressionflangeofthebeamhavethereliablelateralsupport,thesteelisQ235,theallowabledeflectionisl/250,pleaseselectthemosteconomicI-shapedandH-shapedcrosssections,andcomparethemtherefore.5．P1425.6题