大学英语六级真题.docx

大学英语六级真题.docx

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大学英语六级真题

大学英语六级真题2011年12月

（总分：

710.00，做题时间：

120分钟）

一、PartⅠWriting（总题数：

1，分数：

142.00）

1.Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledTheWaytoSuccessbycommentingonAbrahamLincoln'sfamousremark,"Givemesixhourstochopdownatree,andIwillspendthefirstfoursharpeningtheaxe."Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.TheWaytoSuccess______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

（分数：

142.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：

（TheWaytoSuccess“Givemesixhourstochopdownatree,and1willspendthefirstfoursharpeningtheaxe．”

（1）FromLincoln'sfamousremark,wecanknowthattwofactorsareessentialtoSuccess：

sufficientpreparationsandperseverance.

（2）Foronething，SuccessconlestoUSonlyafterpatientplanningandgoodpreparation．（3）Havingdefindedourgoal,wemusthaveaclearmindaboutthemeanstoattainthegoal．（4）Withoutsufficientpreparations，manyofoureffortswouldgofornothingandwewouldmostprobablyendupinfailure．

（2）Foranother，perseveranceisindispensabletoSuccess．Allanoofstrongwillandperseverancealwayshasaninflexiblespirit．Hestickstohiscausenomatterhowtoughitmightbe．（5）Asforuniversitystudents，weshould，firstandforemost．graspthenecessaryknowledgeandskillsandabsorbthemtodotheDreoarationDart．Thus，weare）

解析：

[加分亮点]

（1）FromLincoln’sfamousremark承上启下。

（2）Foronething...Foranother...结构，清晰明了。

（3）用havingdone代替时问状语从句。

（4）使用介同短语．言简意赅，避免了通篇长句。

（5）asforsb．起到自然过渡和衔接作用。

二、PartⅡReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（总题数：

1，分数：

71.00）

Google'sPlanforWorld'sBiggestOnlineLibrary:

PhilanthropyOrActofPiracy?

Inrecentyears,teamsofworkersdispatchedbyGooglehavebeenworkinghardtomakedigitalcopiesofbooks.Sofar,Googlehasscannedmorethan10milliontitlesfromlibrariesinAmericaandEurope—includinghalfamillionvolumesheldbytheBodleianinOxford.Theexactmethoditusesisunclear:

thecompanydoesnotallowoutsiderstoobservetheprocess.WhyisGoogleundertakingsuchaventure'?

Whyisiteveninterestedinallthoseout-of-printlibrarybooks,mostofwhichhavebeengatheringdustonforgottenshelvesfordecades?

Thecompanyclaimsitsmotivesareessentiallypublic-spirited.Itsoverallmission,afterall,isto"organisetheworld'sinformation",soitwouldbeoddifthatinformationdidnotincludebooks.Thecompanylikestopresentitselfashavingloftyaspirations."Thisreallyisn'taboutmakingmoney.Wearedoingthisforthegoodofsociety."AsSantiagodelaMora,headofGoogleBooksforEurope,putsit:

"Bymakingitpossibletosearchthemillionsofbooksthatexisttoday,wehopetoexpandthefrontiersofhumanknowledge."DanClancy,thechiefarchitectofGoogleBooks,doesseemgenuineinhisconvictionthatthisisprimarilyaphilanthropic（慈善的）exercise."Google'scorebusinessissearchandfind,soobviouslywhathelpsimproveGoogle'ssearchengineisgoodforGoogle,"hesays,"Butwehaveneverbuiltaspreadsheet（电子数据表）outliningthefinancialbenefitsofthis,andIhaveneverhadtojustifytheamountlamspendingtothecompany'sfounders."Itiseasy,talkingtoClancyandhiscolleagues,tobesweptalongbytheirmissionarypassion.ButGoogle'sbook-scanningprojectisprovingcontroversial.Severalopponentshaverecentlyemerged,rangingfromrivaltechgiantssuchasMicrosoftandAmazontosmallbodiesrepresentingauthorsandpublishersacrosstheworld.Inbroadterms,theseopponentshavelevelledtwosetsofcriticismsatGoogle.First,theyhavequestionedwhethertheprimaryresponsibilityfordigitallyarchivingtheworld'sbooksshouldbeallowedtofalltoacommercialcompany.InarecentessayintheNewYorkReviewofBooks,RobertDarnton,theheadofHarvardUniversity'slibrary,arguedthatbecausesuchbooksareacommonresource—thepossessionofusall—onlypublic,not-for-profitbodiesshouldbegiventhepowertocontrolthem.ThesecondrelatedcriticismisthatGoogle'sscanningofbooksisactuallyillegal.ThisallegationhasledtoGooglebecomingmiredin（陷入）alegalbattlewhosescopeandcomplexitymakestheJarndyceandJarndycecaseinCharlesDickens'BleakHouselookstraightforward.Atitscentre,however,isonesimpleissue:

thatofcopyright.Theinconvenientfactaboutmostbooks,towhichGooglehasarguablypaidinsufficientattention,isthattheyareprotectedbycopyright.Copyrightlawsdifferfromcountrytocountry,butingeneralprotectionextendsforthedurationofanauthor'slifeandforasubstantialperiodafterwards,thusallowingtheauthor'sheirstobenefit.（InBritainandAmerica,thispost-deathperiodis70years.）Thismeans,ofcourse,thatalmostallofthebookspublishedinthe20thcenturyarestillundercopyright—andlastcenturysawmorebookspublishedthaninallpreviouscenturiescombined.Oftheroughly40millionbooksinUSlibraries,forexample,anestimated32millionareincopyright.Ofthese,some27millionareoutofprint.Outsidetheus,Googlehasmadesureonlytoscanbooksthatareoutofcopyrightandthusinthe"publicdomain"（workssuchastheBodleian'sfirsteditionofMiddlemarch,whichanyonecanreadforfreeonGoogleBooksSearch）.But,withintheUS,thecompanyhasscannedbothin-copyrightandout-of-copyrightworks.Initsdefence,Googlepointsoutthatitdisplaysonlysmallsegmentsofbooksthatareincopyright—arguingthatsuchdisplaysare"fairuse".Butcriticsallegethatbymakingelectroniccopiesofthesebookswithoutfirstseekingthepermissionofcopyrightholders,Googlehascommittedpiracy."Thekeyprincipleofcopyrightlawhasalwaysbeenthatworkscanbecopiedonlyonceauthorshaveexpresslygiventheirpermission,"saysPiersBlofeld,oftheSheilLandliteraryagencyinLondon."Googlehasreversedthis-ithassimplycopiedalltheseworkswithoutbotheringtoask,"In2005,theAuthorsGuildofAmerica,togetherwithagroupofUSpublishers,launchedaclassactionsuit（集团诉讼）againstGooglethat,aftermorethantwoyearsofnegotiation,endedwithanannouncementlastOctoberthatGoogleandtheclaimantshadreachedanout-of-courtsettlement.Thefulldetailsarecomplicatedthetextalonerunsto385pages—andtryingtosummariseitisnoeasytask."Partoftheproblemisthatitisbasicallyincomprehensible,"saysBlofeld,oneofthesettlement'smostvocalBritishcritics.Broadly,thedealprovidesamechanismforGoogletocompensateauthorsandpublisherswhoserightsithasbreached（includinggivingthemashareofanyfuturerevenueitgeneratesfromtheirworks）.Inexchangeforthis,therightsholdersagreenottosueGoogleinfuture.ThissettlementhandsGooglethepower—butonlywiththeagreementofindividualrightsholders—toexploititsdatabaseofout-of-printbooks.Itcanincludetheminsubscriptiondealssoldtolibrariesorsellthemindividuallyunderaconsumerlicence.Itisthesecommercialprovisionsthatareprovingthesettlement'smostcontroversialaspect.Criticspointoutthat,bygivingGoogletherighttocommerciallyexploititsdatabase,thesettlementpavesthewayforasubtleshiftinthecompany'srolefromproviderofinformationtoseller."Google'sbusinessmodelhasalwaysbeentoprovideinformationforfree,andselladvertisingonthebasisofthetrafficthisgenerates,"pointsoutJamesGrimmelmann,associateprofessoratNewYorkLawSchool.Now,hesays,becauseofthesettlement'sprovisions,Googlecouldbecomeasignificantforceinbookselling.Interestinthisaspectofthesettlementhasfocusedon"orphan"works,wherethereisnoknowncopyrightholder—thesemakeupanestimated5-10%ofthebooksGooglehasscanned.Underthesettlement,whennorightsholderscomeforwardandregistertheirinterestinawork,commercialcontrolautomaticallyrevertstoGoogle.Googlewillbeabletodisplayupto20%oforphanworksforfree,includetheminitssubscriptiondealstolibrariesandsellthemtoindividualbuyersundertheconsumerlicence.Itisbynomeanscertainthatthesettlementwillbeenacted（执行）—itisthesubjectofafairnesshearingintheUScourts.Butifitisenacted,GooglewillineffectbeoffthehookasfarascopyrightviolationsintheUSareconcerned.Manypeopleareseriouslyconcernedbythis—andthecompanyislikelytofacechallengesinothercourtsaroundtheworld.NooneknowsthepreciseuseGooglewillmakeoftheintellectualpropertyithasgainedbyscanningtheworld'slibrarybooks,andthetruth,asGleick,anAmericansciencewriterandmemberoftheAuthorsGuild,pointsout,isthatthecompanyprobablydoesn'tevenknowitself.Butwhatiscertainisthat,insomewayorother,Google'sentranceintodigitalbooksellingwillhaveasignificantimpactonthebookworldinyearstocome.（分数：

71.00）

（1）.Googleclaimsitsplanfortheworld'sbiggestonlinelibraryis---|||________|||---.（分数：

7.10）

 A.tosaveout-of-printbooksinlibraries

 B.toencouragereadingaroundtheworld

 C.topromoteitscorebusinessofsearching

 D.toservetheinterestofthegeneralpublic √

解析：

析根据题干关键词claimsitsplan定位到第二段第三句：

Thecompanychfimsitsmotivesareessentiallypublic-spirited．谷歌宣称它将扫描图书放在网上是出于公益动机，D）项是public—spirited（热心公益的）的同义转述。

（2）.AccordingtoSantiagodelaMora,Google'sbook-scanningprojectwill---|||________|||---.（分数：

7.10）

 A.makefulluseofthepowerofitssearchengine

 B.helpthebroadmassesofreaders

 C.revolutionisetheentirebookindustry

 D.broadenhumanity'sintellectualhorizons √

解析：

根据题干关键词SantiagodelaMora定位到第三段最后一句：

AsSantiagodelaMora，headofGoogleBook