复旦大学博士入学英语试题.docx

复旦大学博士入学英语试题.docx

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复旦大学博士入学英语试题

复旦大学2008年博士入学英语试题

PartI

VocabularyandStructure（15%）

Directions:

Threeare30incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetⅠwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

1.Althoughitisonlyasmallbusiness,its_________issurprisinglyhigh.

A.turn-up

B.turn-over

C.turn-about

D.turn-out

2.Unfortunatelynotallofusobtainourjust_________inthislife.

A.demands

B.gains

C.deserts

D.wins

3.Thatcontractaboutwhichwehadadisagreementlastmonth,hasnowgone__________.

A.through

B.down

C.over

D.around

4.The_______oftwohousesprovedsuchafinancialburdenthattheywereforcedtosellone.

A.upsurge

B.upshot

C.upturn

D.upkeep

5._________throughtheatticandseeifyoucanfindanythingforthejumblesale.

A.Leash

B.Rummage

C.Flutter

D.Scrape

6.Howaboutaglassoforangejuiceto________yourthirst.

A.quash

B.quell

C.quench

D.quieten

7.Becausethechildrenkeepinterruptingherwhenevershereadsabook,sheisalways___________herplace.

A.missing

B.slipping

C.bothering

D.losing

8.Shewasputtingonherwatchwhenthe_________brokeanditfelltotheground.

A.belt

B.string

C.tie

D.strap

9.Iwashedthisdressandthecolor_________.

A.flowed

B.escaped

C.ran

D.removed

10.Therecenteconomiccrisishasbroughtabouta_________inworldtrade.

A.sag

B.tilt

C.droop

D.slump

11.Althoughwedecoratedtheroomonlysixmonthsago,thepaintontheceilingisalready_________becauseofthedamp.

A.crumbling

B.flaking

C.disintegrating

D.splintering

12.Thefalsebanknotesfooledmanypeople,buttheydidnot_________tocloseexamination.

A.putup

B.keepup

C.standup

D.lookup

13.Theyweremakingenoughnoiseatthepartytowakethe___________.

A.dead

B.living

C.lunatic

D.crippled

14.Ifyouwouldliketosendadonation,youcan________achequetotheorganizationFeedtheChildren.

A.makeup

B.makefor

C.makeout

D.makeoff

15.Thestudentsvisitedthemuseumandspentseveralhourswiththe________,whowasveryhelpful.

A.curator

B.bursar

C.commissioner

D.steward

16.Theaccusedmanwasabletoprovehisinnocenceatthetrialandwas__________.

A.absolved

B.acquitted

C.pardoned

D.executed

17.Marywasextremelylucky:

whenhergreat-uncledied,she__________afortune.

A.cameby

B.cameover

C.cameinto

D.camethrough

18.Thedrunkencoupledidnothingtokeeptheflatcleanandtidyandlivedintheutmost__________.

A.decay

B.contamination

C.squalor

D.confinement

19.SharepricesontheStockExchangeplungedsharplyinthemorningbut_________slightlyintheafternoon.

A.recovered

B.recuperated

C.retrieved

D.regained

20.Hetriesto__________himselfwitheveryonebypayingthemcompliments.

A.please

B.ingratiate

C.placate

D.remunerate

21.Iwasafraidtoopenthedoorlestthebeggar_________me.

A.followed

B.weretofollow

C.follow

D.wouldfollow

22.Bytheendofthedaythefloodwaterwhichhadcoveredmostofthetownhad__________.

A.reversed

B.retired

C.returned

D.receded

23.Educationalpoliciesmade_________thehoofbysuccessivesecretariesofstatearethemainreasonforlowteachermorale.

A.in

B.on

C.by

D.along

24.Itwasobviousthathehadbeendrinkingfartoomuchfromthewayhecame_________downthestreet.

A.toddling

B.hobbling

C.loping

D.staggering

25.Hewasagenerousfriendbutasabusinessmanhe__________ahardbargain.

A.dealt

B.contracted

C.drove

D.faked

26.Myfriend’sson,whoisasoldier,wasdelightedwhenhewas__________onlyafewmilesfromhome.

A.placed

B.stationed

C.deported

D.exorcized

27.Inacoal-miningarea,thelandtendsto__________causingdamagetoroadsandbuildings.

A.subside

B.diminish

C.confiscate

D.cede

28.Asthecatlayasleep,dreaming,whiskers__________.

A.twitched

B.twisted

C.jerked

D.jogged

29.Thetotal__________fromlastmonth’scharitydancewerefarmorethanexpected.

A.earnings

B.acquisitions

C.proceeds

D.subsidies

30.Thenewmanagerhadmanydifficultiestoovercomebuthe__________themallinhisstride.

A.overlooked

B.obtained

C.tackled

D.took

PartII

ReadingComprehension（40%）

Directions:

Thereare4readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

（1）

ResalePriceMaintenanceisthenameusedwhenaretaileriscompelledtosellatapricefixedbythemanufacturerinsteadofchoosingforhimselfhowmuchtoaddontothewholesalepricehepaysforhissupplies.Thispracticeisassociatedwiththesaleof“branded”goods,whichnowformaveryconsiderableproportionofconsumers’purchases,andithasledtoagreatdealofcontroversy.

Generallysucharticlesarepackedandadvertisedbythemanufacturers,whotrytocreateaspecial‘image’inthemindsofpossiblepurchasers—animagemadeupofthelookofthearticle,itsuse,itsprice,andeverythingelsewhichmightleadpurchaserstoaskforthatbrandratherthananyother.Ifaretailerisallowedtochargeanypricehelikeshemayfinditworthwhiletosellonebrandat‘cut’priceseventhoughthisinvolvesaloss,becausehehopestoattractcustomerstotheshop,wheretheymaybepersuadedtobuymanyothertypesofgoodsathigherprices.Themanufacturerofthebrandthathasbeen‘cut’fearsthattheretailermaybetemptedtoreducetheservicesonthisarticle;but,evenifhedoesnotthereisadangerthatthecustomerbecomesunsettled,andisunwillingtopaythe‘standard’priceofthearticlebecausehefeelsthatheisbeing‘done’.Thismay,andindeedoftendoes,affectthereputationofthemanufacturerandlosehimhismarketinthelongrun.

Itissometimessaidalsothatthehousewife—whoistheprincipalbuyerofmostofthesegoods—prefersafixedpricebecausesheknowswheresheisandissavedthebotherofgoing

fromshoptoshopinsearchoflowerprices.Ifoneshopcutallthepricesofitsbrandedgoodsshewouldundoubtedlyhaveanadvantageinshoppingthere.Butthisdoesnothappen.Astoreusuallylowersthepriceofoneortwoofitsarticleswhichactasadecoyandmakesupitslossesonothers,andchangesthecut-pricearticlesfromweektoweeksoastoattractdifferentgroupsofcustomers.Andsothehousewifemayfeelratherguiltyifshedoesnotspendtimetrackingdownthecheapergoods.Howfarthisistrueisamatteroftemperamentanditisimpossibletoestimatewhatproportionofpurchaserspreferapricethattheycanrelyonwherevertheychoosetobuyandwhatproportionenjoythechallengeinvolvedinfindingthestorethatoffersthemabargain.

ThosewhoopposeResalePriceMaintenanceontheotherhand,pointoutthattherearenowagreatmanydifferentchannelsofdistribution—chainstores,departmentstores,co-operativestores,independentorunitshops,supermarkets,mail-orderhouses,andsoon.Itwouldbeabsurdtoassumethatallofthemhaveexactlythesamecoststomeetinstockingandsellingtheirgoods,sowhyshouldtheyallsellatthesameprice?

Iftheywereallowedtochooseforthemselves,themoreefficientretailerswouldsellatlowerpricesandconsumerswouldbenefit.Asitis,theretailpricemustbesufficienttocoverthecostsofthelessefficientavenuesofdistributionandthismeanstheothersmakeabiggerprofitthannecessaryattheexpenseofthepublic.Thesupportersofthefixedpricearguethatthisisonlyhalfthestory.Theefficienttradercanstillcompetewithoutloweringhisprices.Hecanofferbetterservice—longcredit,orquickdeliveryorapleasantshopdecororhelpfulassistants—andcandothiswithoutimperilingthelong-terminterestsofthemanufacturer.

31.Manufacturesopposeretailerscuttingpricesontheirgoodsmainlybecausetheythink__________.

A.retailersmayeventuallystopsellingtheirproducts

B.itmayreducecustomers’confidenceintheirproducts

C.customersmayfeeluneasywhenpricesvary

D.itmaysometimesleadtopoorservice

32Supportersofthefixedpriceholdthatanefficienttradercanstillmakemoneywithoutloweringpricesby__________.

A.allowingcustomerstimetopay

B.hiringassistantsforlonghoursandlowwages

C.advertisingmuchmoreeffectively

D.establishinglong-termrelationswithmanufactures

33.Bysaying“Hefeelsthatheisbeing‘done’”,theauthormeansthatcustomerthinks__________.

A.someoneisdespisinghim

B.someoneismaltreatinghim

C.someoneisblackmailinghim

D.someoneischeatinghim

34.“WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Goodserviceotherthanpriceisimportantinattractingcustomers.

B.AnarticlewithoutabrandnameisnotsubjecttoResalePriceMaintenance.

C.Manufacturesattempttoinfluencepossiblepurchasersbymakingtheirproductseasytoidentify.

D.Housewivespreferfixedpricesbecausefixedpricesaremuchlesslikelytofluctuate

35.Thesentence“Sheknowswheresheis”inthethirdparagraphcanbeparaphrasedas“__________”.

A.Sheknowsherplace

B.Sheknowsherstuff

C.Shefeelssecure

D.Shefeelsintoxicated

（2）

Hebuiltahutonapieceofroughlandneararockfall.Inthewetseasontherewasaplentifulstream,andovertheyearsheencouragedthedryforesttosurroundhimwithathickscreen.Thegreeneritbecametheeasieritwastoforgettheoutside.In