单片机控制步进电机外文文献翻译.docx

单片机控制步进电机外文文献翻译.docx

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单片机控制步进电机外文文献翻译

单片机控制步进电机外文文献翻译

单片机控制步进电机

外文原文

Steppingmotorapplicationandcontrol

steppermotorisanelectricalpulsewillbeconvertedintoangulardisplacementoftheimplementingagencies.Putitinsimplelanguage-speaking:

Whenthestepperdrivepulsesignaltoareceiver,itdrivessteppermotorrotationdirectionbysettingafixedpointofview（andthestepangle）.Youcancontrolthenumberofpulsestocontroltheamountofangulardisplacement,soastoachievethepurposeofaccuratepositioning;Atthesametime,youcanbycontrollingthepulsefrequencytocontrolthemotorrotationspeedandacceleration,soastoachievethepurposeofspeed.

SteppermotordirectlyfromtheAC-DCpowersupply,andmustusespecialequipment-steppermotordrive.Steppermotordrivesystemperformance,inadditiontotheirownperformancewiththemotorontheoutside,butalsotoalargeextentdependonthedriveisgoodorbad.Atypicalsteppermotordrivesystemisoperatedbythesteppermotorcontroller,steppermotordrivesandsteppermotorbodyiscomposedofthreeparts.Steppermotorcontrollerstepperpulseanddirectionsignal,eachmadeofapulse,steppermotor-drivensteppermotordrivesarotorrotatingstepangle,thatis,step-by-stepfurther.Highorlowspeedsteppermotor,orspeed,ordeceleration,startorstoppulsesareentirelydependentonwhetherthelevelorfrequency.Decidethedirectionofthesignalcontrollersteppermotorclockwiseorcounterclockwiserotation.Typically,thesteppermotordrivecircuitfromthelogiccontrol,powerdrivercircuit,protectioncircuitandpowercomponents.Steppermotordrivecontroller,oncereceivedfromthedirectionofthesignalandsteppulse,thecontrolcircuitonapre-determinedwayoftheelectricalpower-phasesteppermotorexcitationwindingsoftheconductionorcut-offsignal.Controlcircuitoutputsignalpowerislow,cannotprovidethenecessarysteppingmotoroutputpower,theneedforpoweramplifier,whichissteppermotordrivenpowerdrivepart.Powersteppermotordrivecircuittocontroltheinputcurrentwindingtoformaspaceforrotatingmagneticfieldexcitation,therotor-drivenmovement.Protectioncircuitintheeventofshort

circuit,overload,overheating,suchasfailuretostoptherapiddriveandmotor.

Motorisusuallyforthepermanentmagnetrotor,whenthecurrentflowsthroughthestatorwindings,thestatorwindingsproduceamagneticfieldvector.Themagneticfieldwillleadtoarotorangleofrotation,makingapairofrotorandstatormagneticfielddirectionofthemagneticfielddirection.Whenthestatorrotatingmagneticfieldvectorfromadifferentangle.Alsoastherotormagneticfieldtoapointofview.Anelectricalpulseforeachinput,themotorrotationanglestep.Itsoutputandinputoftheangulardisplacementisproportionaltothepulses,withpulsefrequencyproportionaltospeed.Powertochangetheorderofwinding,theelectricalwillbereversed.Wecan,therefore,controlthepulsenumber,frequencyandelectricalpowerwindingsofeachphasetocontroltheorderofrotationofsteppermotor.

Steppermotortypes:

Permanentmagnet（PM）.Magneticgenerallytwo-phasestepper,torqueandaresmallerandgenerallysteppingangleof7.5degreesor15degrees;putmorewindforair-conditioning.

Reactive（VR）,thedomesticgeneralcalledBF,haveacommonthree-phasereaction,stepangleof1.5degrees;alsohavefive-phasereaction.Noise,notorquehasbeensetatalargenumberofout.

Hybrid（HB）,commontwo-phasehybrid,five-phasehybrid,three-phasehybrid,four-phasehybrid,two-phasecanbecommonwiththefour-phasedrive,five-phasethree-phasemustbeusedwiththeirdrives;

Two-phase,four-phasehybridstepangleis1.8degreesmorethanasmallsize,greatdistance,andlownoise;

Five-phasehybridsteppingmotorisgenerally0.72,themotorstepanglesmall,highresolution,butthecomplexityofdrivecircuits,wiringproblems,suchasthe5-phasesystemof10lines.

Three-phasehybridsteppingmotorstepangleof1.2degrees,butaccordingtotheuseof1.8degrees,thethree-phasehybridsteppingmotorhasatwo-phasemixedthanthefive-phasehybridmorepolewillhelpelectricfoldersymmetricangle,itcanbemorethantwo-phase,five-phasehighaccuracy,theerrorevensmaller,runmore

smoothly.

Steppermotortomaintaintorque:

steppermotorpowermeansnorotation,thestatorlockedrotortorque.Itisasteppermotor,oneofthemostimportantparameters,usuallyinthelow-speedsteppermotortorqueatthetimeofclosetomaintainthetorque.Asthesteppermotoroutputtorqueincreaseswiththespeedofconstantattenuation,theoutputpoweralsoincreaseswiththespeedofchange,soastomaintaintorqueonthesteppermotortomeasuretheparametersofoneofthemostimportant.Forexample,whenpeoplesaythatthesteppermotor2N.m,intheabsenceofspecialcircumstancesthatmeansformaintainingthetorqueofthesteppermotor2N.m.

Precisionsteppermotors:

steppermotorstepangleaccuracyof3-5%,notcumulative.

Steppermotortoallowtheminimumamountofsurfacetemperature:

Stepper

motorcausesthemotortemperatureistoohighthefirstmagneticdemagnetization,resultinginlossoftorquedownevenfurther,sothemotorsurfacetemperatureshouldbethemaximumalloweddependingonthemotordemagnetizationofmagneticmaterialpoints;Generallyspeaking,themagneticdemagnetizationpointsareabove130degreesCelsius,andsomeevenashighas200degreesCelsius,sothesteppermotorsurfacetemperatureof80-90degreesCelsiusisnormal.

Startfrequencyofno-load:

thesteppermotorincaseofno-loadtothenormalstartofthepulsefrequency,ifthepulsefrequencyishigherthanthevalueofmotordoesnotstart,possibletolosestepsorblocking.Inthecaseoftheload,startfrequencyshouldbelower.Ifyouwanttoachievehigh-speedrotationmotor,pulsefrequencyshouldbetoacceleratetheprocess,thatis,thelowerfrequencytostart,andthenrosetoacertainaccelerationofthedesiredfrequency（motorspeedfromlowrisetohigh-speed）.

Stepangle:

thatistosendapulse,theelectricalanglecorrespondingtorotation.

Torquepositioning:

positioningtorquesteppermotordoesnotrefertothecaseofelectricity,lockedrotortorquestator.

Operatingfrequency:

step-by-stepsteppermotorcanrunwithoutlosingthe

highestfrequency.

SubdivisionDrive:

steppermotordrivesthemainaimistoweakenoreliminatelow-frequencyvibrationofthesteppermotortoimprovetheaccuracyofthemotorrunning.Reducenoise.Ifthestepangleis1.8?

（fullstep）thetwo-phasehybridsteppingmotor,ifthebreakdownofthebreakdownofthenumberofdrivesforthe8,thentheoperationoftheelectricalpulseforeachresolutionof0.072?

theprecisionofmotorcanreachorcloseto0.225?

alsodependsonthebreakdownofthebreakdownofthedrivecurrentcontrolaccuracyandotherfactors,thebreakdownofthenumberofthemoredifficultthegreatertheprecisionofcontrol.

HowtodeterminethesteppermotordriverDCpowersupply:

A.Determinationofthevoltage:

Hybridsteppingmotordriverpowersupply

voltageisgenerallyawiderange（suchastheIM483supplyvoltageof12~48VDC）,thesupplyvoltageisusuallybasedontheworkofthemotorspeedandresponsetotherequesttochoose.Ifthemotoroperatingspeedhigherorfasterresponsetotherequest,thenthevoltagevalueishigh,butnotethattheripplevoltagecannotexceedthemaximuminputvoltageofthedrive,oritmaydamagethedrive.

B.DeterminationofCurrent

PowersupplycurrentisgenerallybasedontheoutputphasecurrentdriveItodetermine.Ifalinearpowersupply,powersupplycurrentisgenerallypreferable1.1to1.3timestheI;ifweadopttheswitchingpowersupply,powersupplycurrentisgenerallypreferabletoI,1.5to2.0times.

Themaincharacteristicsofsteppingmotor:

1.Asteppermotordrivecanbeaddedoperatepulsedrivesignalmustbenopulsewhenthesteppermotoratrest,suchasIfaddingtheappropriatepulsesignal,itwilltoacertainangle（calledthestepangle）rotation.Rotationspeedandpulsefrequencyisproportionalto.

2.permanentmagnetstepanglesteppermotorversionis7.5degrees,360degreesaround,takes48pulsestocomplete.

3.steppermotorhasinstantstartandrapidcessationofsuperiorcharacteristics.Changetheorderofthepulse

4（youcaneasilychangethedirectionofrotation.

Therefore,thecurrentprinters,plotters,robotics,andsodevicesarethecoreofthesteppermotorasthedrivingforce.

Steppermotorshavethefollowingbenefits:

（1）Lowcost

（2）Ruggedness（3）

Simplicityinconstruction（4）Highreliability（5）Nomaintenance（6）Wide

acceptance（7）Notweakingtostabilize（8）Nofeedbackcomponentsareneeded

TheyworkinjustaboutanyenvironmentInherentlymorefailsafethanservomotors.Thereisvirtuallynoconceivablefailurewithinthestepperdrivemodulethatcouldcausethemotortorunaway.Steppermotorsaresimpletodriveandcontrolinanopen-loopconfiguration.Theyonlyrequirefourleads.Theyprovideexcellenttorqueatlowspeeds,upto5timesthecontinuoustorqueofabrushmotorofthesameframesizeordoublethetorqueoftheequivalentbrushlessmotor.Thisofteneliminatestheneedforagearbox.Astepper-driven-systemisinherentlystiff,withknownlimitstothedynamicpositionerror.

StepperMotorDisadvantages:

Steppermotorshavethefollowingdisadvantages:

1.Resonanceeffectsandrelativelylongsettlingtimes.

2.Roughperformanceatlowspeedunlessamicrostepdriveisused.

3.Liabilitytoundetectedpositionlossasaresultof