学年新导学同步人教版高中英语选修6Unit 5 ThUnit 5 Period Five 2.docx
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学年新导学同步人教版高中英语选修6Unit5ThUnit5PeriodFive2
PeriodFour Grammar—Revisingtheingform
感知以下课文原句,补全方框下的小题
1.Havingcollectedandevaluatedtheinformation,Ihelpotherscientiststopredictwherelavafromthevolcanowillflownextandhowfast.
2.HavingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakesinHawaiialready,Ididn’ttakemuchnotice.
3.Havingstudiedvolcanoesnowformanyyears,Iamstillamazedattheirbeautyaswellastheirpotentialtocausegreatdamage.
4.Havingswallowedthefruit,thegirlbecamepregnantandlatergavebirthtoahandsomeboy.
1.在所有这4个句子中,现在分词短语都使用了完成式,原因是分词短语所表示的动作先于句子的谓语动作发生。
2.在句1和句4中,分词短语作时间状语;在句2中,分词短语作原因状语;在句3中,分词短语作让步状语。
一、动词ing形式的时态、语态及意义
动词
形式
意义
以do为例
一般式doing
主动式doing
与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系,与谓语动作同时发生,或基本上同时发生
被动式beingdone
与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,且与谓语动作同时发生
完成式havingdone
主动式havingdone
与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系,且先于谓语动作发生
被动式havingbeendone
与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,且先于谓语动作发生
EdisonleftAmerica,preferringtogivinguphisfortune.
爱迪生离开了美国,宁愿放弃他的财产。
Havingfinishedmywork,Iwenthome.
工作做完之后,我就回家了。
Havingbeenheldbackbythetrafficjam,shecouldn’tgetthereontime.
她被交通阻塞耽搁了,无法准时到达那里。
二、动词ing形式作状语
动词ing形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
1.时间状语
动词ing形式作时间状语,相当于一个时间状语从句,所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生(动词ing的完成时所表示的动作先于主句的动作),有时可由连词when,while,after引出。
Hearingtheresult(=WhenIheardtheresult),Icouldn’thelpjumping.
听到这个结果,我不禁跳了起来。
Havingmadefullpreparations(=Afterwehavemadefullpreparations),wearereadyfortheexamination.
做了充分的准备之后,我们准备参加考试。
2.原因状语
可以与as/since/because等引导的原因状语从句转换。
Beingsoexcited(=Ashewassoexcited),hecouldn’tgotosleepthatnight.
由于非常激动,那晚他没睡着。
Havinglivedinthecityformanyyears(=SinceIhadlivedinthecitymanyyears),Iknewitwell.
因为在这个城市住了许多年,所以我对它很了解。
3.条件状语
可以与if/unless等引导的条件状语从句转换。
Workinghardatyourlessons(=Ifyouworkhardatyourlessons),youwillsucceed.
如果你努力学习,就一定能成功。
Notmakinggooduseofthetime(=Unlessyoumakegooduseofthetime),you’llregret.
如果不好好利用时间,你会后悔的。
4.结果状语
表示必然的结果,它常常位于句末,可扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句,有时也可以转换成非限制性定语从句。
Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney(=andlefthimalotofmoney/whichlefthimalotofmoney).
他父亲死了,留给他许多钱。
5.让步状语
可以与although/though引导的让步状语从句转换。
Knowingallthis(=Althoughtheyknewallthis),theymademepayforthedamage.
尽管知道了一切情况,他们还是要我赔偿损失。
Havingmadeupmymind(=ThoughIhadmadeupmymind),Istillwantedtoplay.
尽管我已下定决心,我仍然想玩。
6.方式或伴随状语
不可以转换成从句,但可以转换成并列句。
Thegirlscameintotheclassroom,singinganddancing(=andtheysanganddanced).
女孩子们唱着跳着进了教室。
Helayonthegrass,staringattheskyforalongtime(=andstaredattheskyforalongtime).
他躺在草地上,盯着天空看了很长时间。
三、动词ing形式作状语的注意事项
1.逻辑主语
动词ing形式作状语,其逻辑主语一般就是句子的主语,它们之间是一种逻辑上的主谓关系。
Beingill,hedidn’tattendthewedding.
因为生病,他没有出席婚礼。
(he与beingill是逻辑上的主谓关系→Hewasill.)
2.独立结构
有时现在分词有自己的逻辑主语,这时其逻辑主语相对于句子的主语来说是独立的,因此又叫独立主格结构,其构成形式是“名词/代词+v.ing”。
Shebeingill,hermotherhadtolookafterherathome.她生病了,母亲不得不在家照顾她。
Themeetingbeingover,wewenttoplayfootball.
会议一结束,我们就去踢足球了。
3.独立成分作状语
有些动词ing形式作状语在句中没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在,其形式的选择不受上下文的影响,表明说话者的态度、观点等,被称为评论性状语。
常见的有:
generallyspeaking 一般说来
strictlyspeaking严格说来
judgingfrom/by根据……来判断
considering.../taking...intoconsideration考虑到
supposing假设;如果
providing如果
assuming假使
Generallyspeaking,asaforeignlanguage,ChineseismoredifficulttolearnthanEnglish.
一般说来,作为一门外语,汉语要比英语难学。
4.连词+现在分词
由when/while/after/before/once/if/though/unless/asif等引导的状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时,如果从句的谓语动词是主动语态,则可以省略从句的主语,而保留原连词,形成“连词+现在分词”的结构形式。
Thoughlackingmoney,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.
=Thoughtheylackedmoney,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.
尽管他父母缺钱,但是他们还是设法把他送去上大学了。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Traveling(travel)alongtheoldSilkRoadisaninterestingandrewardingexperience.(2018·北京)
2.However,thoseinthe10to12agegroupwere“concernedwithhowmanypeopleliketheirposts”,suggesting(suggest)a“need”forsocialrecognitionthatgetsstrongertheoldertheybecome.(2018·江苏)
3.Formany,finding(find)anunattendedwalletfilledwith£400incashwouldbeasource(来源)oftemptation(诱惑).(2018·北京)
4.Removing(remove)himfromthepantheon(名人堂)ofEnglishliteraturewouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvreselling(sell)offtheMonaLisa.(2018·浙江)
5.Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment,allowing(allow)morepatientstobetreated.(2017·天津)
6.ManyChinesebrands,havingdeveloped(develop)theirreputationsovercenturies,arefacingnewchallengesfromthemodernmarket.(2017·江苏)
7.Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,using(use)twigs(树枝)toremoveit.
(2016·全国Ⅲ)
8.Thecoolingwindsweptthroughourbedroomwindows,making(make)airconditioningunnecessary.(2016·天津)
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
1.Myfavoritepictureatthepartyisofmycoachandme
thebiscuitswithhappylaughter!
(2015·陕西,短文改错)
2.After
atthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundhisparentsweremissing.(2015·全国Ⅱ,短文改错)
3.Oneeveningatsunset,wesatbythefire,
ourbarbecue.(2014·陕西,短文改错)
4.
teainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner.
(2013·新课标全国Ⅱ,短文改错)
5.
hungry,webuiltafirebythelakeandbarbecuedthefish.(2013·陕西,短文改错)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Using(use)yourhead,youwillfindabetterwaytosolveit.
2.Seeing(see)theterriblescene,thegirlwastoofrightenedtomove.
3.Weatherpermitting(permit),we’llgoforapicnicthedayaftertomorrow.
4.Havingbeentaught(teach)manytimes,thegirlstilllookedpuzzled.
5.Whilesurfing(surf)theInternet,themanfoundtheinterestingnews.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
6.While
,Iwasreadingsomeoldmagazines.
7.There
noclassestoday,sowewenttothepark.
或Therebeingnoclassestoday,sowewenttothepark.
8.Theterriblesnowstormleft,
greatdamagetothecrops.
9.
hardatallyourlessons,youwillsucceedsoonerorlater.
10.Having
warnedseveraltimes,hestillforgotthemeeting.
基础巩固
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Newlybuiltwoodencottageslinethestreet,turning(turn)theoldtownintoadreamland.
2.Havingmissed(miss)thebus,wehadtowalkhome.
3.Watching(watch)theplay,shecouldn’tkeepbackhertears.
4.Notknowing(not,know)howtodoit,heturnedtotheengineerforhelp.
5.Itrainedfortwoweeksonend,completelyruining(ruin)ourholiday.
6.Youcancompletetheworkaheadoftimeiftaking(take)myadvice.
7.Havingcollected(collect)allthenecessarymaterials,shebegantowriteherreport.
8.Havingbeenappointed(appoint)aschairman,Tonyheldafamilygettogethertocelebrateit.
9.Heturnedoffthelight,seeing(see)nothing.
10.Thevolcanoerupted,resulting(result)inthedeathofmanycreatures.
Ⅱ.句型转换
11.Whenyouarecrossingtheroad,pleasebecareful.
→Whencrossingtheroad,pleasebecareful.
12.BecauseIdon’tknowhistelephonenumber,Ican’tringhimup.
→Notknowinghistelephonenumber,Ican’tringhimup.
13.ThoughheknowswhereIlive,henevercomestoseeme.
→KnowingwhereIlive,henevercomestoseeme.
14.Workdiligently,andyou’llcertainlysucceed.
→Workingdiligently,you’llcertainlysucceed.
15.Becauseithadn’tbeenrepairedforalongtime,themachinegaveoutastrangenoise.
→Nothavingbeenrepairedforalongtime,themachinegaveoutastrangenoise.
Ⅲ.完成句子
16.Ontheotherhand,IwillhelpsetuptheEnglishCorner,providingusstudentsaplatformtopracticeouroralEnglish.
另一方面,我将帮着建立英语角,提供给我们学生一个练习英语口语的平台。
17.Havingbeenignoredforalongtime,theboysittingatthebackfeltboredandwentout.
因长时间被忽视,坐在后面的那个男孩感到枯燥就出去了。
18.Notunderstandingthisproblem,heaskedtheteacheraboutit.
因为不理解这个问题,他问了老师。
19.MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,makingitmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.
中国又建了很多高速公路,这使人们的出行变得更容易了。
20.OneeveningHarryphonedme,askingmetogotohisflatassoonaspossible.
一天晚上哈里给我打电话,要求我尽快去他的公寓。
21.ItbeingSunday,Ididn’tneedtogetupearlythismorning,soIstayedinbeduntil9am.
因为是周日,我今早不必早起,所以一直睡到早上九点。
能力提升
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Agoodbookisindeedthebestfriendofaperson.ThesamegoesforhighprofileCEOsofworldrecognizedcompaniesaswell.Let’shavealookatthefavoritebooksofsomeworldfamousCEOs.
AppleCEO-TimCook,CompetingAgainstTimebyGeorgeStalk,Jr.andThomasM.Hout
Thisbookisbasedon10yearsofpreciousresearchdonebytheauthors.Ittalksabouthownewerideasofmanagingtimeinnewproductdevelopment,productionandsalesanddistribution(分销)providecompanieswiththeedgetosucceedinthishighlycompetitiveworld.
MicrosoftCEO(Former)—BillGates,TheCatcherintheRyebyJ.D.Salinger
Afewthemesexploredinthenovelarerebellion(叛逆),anxietyandconfusion.Ittellsthatyoungpeoplearealittleconfused,butcanbesmartaboutthingsandseethingsthatadultsdon’treallysee.Gatessaid,“Ididn’tactuallyreadTheCatcherintheRyeuntilIwas13,andeversincethenI’vesaidthat’smyfavoritebook.”
OracleCEO—LarryEllison,NapoleonbyVincentCronin
Thisbookisconsideredbyfarthebestbiography(传记)everwrittenonthegreatgeneral,NapoleonBonaparte.Ellisonsaid,“It’sinterestingtoreadabouthimforacoupleofreasons:
toseewhatonemanofhumblebirthcandowithhislife,andtoseehowhistorycandistort(歪曲)thetruthentirely.”
OWNCEO—OprahWinfrey,ToKillaMockingbirdbyHarperLee
Thisbooktalksabouthowalittlegirlobservesthepeoplearoundher.Winfreysaid,“Ireaditineighthorninthgrade,andIwastryingtorecommendthebooktootherkids.SoitmakessensetomethatnowIhaveabookclub,becauseIhavebeendoingthatprobablysinceIreadthisbook.”
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。
一本好书的确能成为一个人最好的朋友。
这对于全球知名公司的CEO来说也适用。
让我们一起来看看这些知名的CEO最爱读的书吧。
22.WhatisthethemeofCompetingAgainstTime?
A.Howtoincreaseproduction.
B.Howtoimproveefficiency.
C.How