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考研英语一真题及其解析
2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语
(一)试题+【答案】
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)
Couldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?
Theanswermaybearesounding"yes!
"1helpingyoufeelcloseand2topeopleyoucareabout,itturnsoutthathugscanbringa3ofhealthbenefitstoyourbodyandmind.Believeitornot,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou4gettingsickthiswinter.
Inarecentstudy5over400healthadults,researchersfromCarnegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvaniaexaminedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugs6theparticipants'susceptibilitytodevelopingthecommoncoldafterbeing7tothevirus.Peoplewhoperceivedgreatersocialsupportwerelesslikelytocome8withacold,andtheresearchers9thatthestress-reducingeffectsofhugging10about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.11amongthosewhogotacold,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere12.
"Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe13riskforcoldsthat'susually14withstress,"notesSheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarnegie.Hugging"isamarkerofintimacyandhelps15thefeelingthatothersaretheretohelp16difficulty."
Someexperts17thestress-reducing,health-relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,oftencalled"thebondinghormone"18itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetweenmotherandtheirnewbornbabies.Oxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,andsomeofitisreleasedintothebloodstream.Butsomeofit19inthebrain,whereit20mood,behaviorandphysiology.
1.[A]Unlike [B]Besides
[C]Despite [D]Throughout
【答案】[B]Besides
2.[A]connected [B]restricted
[C]equal [D]inferior
【答案】[A]connected
3.[A]choice [B]view
[C]lesson [D]host
【答案】[D]host
4.[A]recall [B]forget
[C]avoid [D]keep
【答案】[C]avoid
5.[A]collecting [B]involving
[C]guiding [D]affecting
【答案】[B]involving
6.[A]of [B]in
[C]at [D]on
【答案】[D]on
7.[A]devoted [B]exposed
[C]lost [D]attracted
【答案】[B]exposed
8.[A]across [B]along
[C]down [D]out
【答案】[C]down
9.[A]calculated [B]denied
[C]doubted [D]imagined
【答案】[A]calculated
10.[A]served [B]required
[C]restored [D]explained
【答案】[D]explained
11.[A]Even [B]Still
[C]Rather [D]Thus
【答案】[A]Even
12.[A]defeats [B]symptoms
[C]tests [D]errors
【答案】[B]symptoms
13.[A]minimized [B]highlighted
[C]controlled [D]increased
【答案】[D]increased
14.[A]equipped B]associated
[C]presented [D]compared
【答案】[B]associated
15.[A]assess [B]moderate
[C]generate [D]record
【答案】[C]generate
16.[A]inthefaceof [B]intheformof
[C]inthewayof [D]inthenameof
【答案】[A]inthefaceof
17.[A]transfer [B]commit
[C]attribute [D]return
【答案】[C]attribute
18.[A]because [B]unless
[C]though [D]until
【答案】[A]because
19.[A]emerges [B]vanishes
[C]remains ?
[D]decreases
【答案】[C]remains
20.[A]experiences [B]combines
[C]justifies [D]influences
【答案】[D]influences
SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)
Text1
Firsttwohours,nowthreehours-thisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesarerecommendingpeopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.
Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityproceduresinreturnforincreasedsafety.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragicreminderofwhy.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:
WastedtimeisadragonAmericans'economicandprivatelives,nottomentioninfuriating.
Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration(TSA)foundinasecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweapons---bothfakeandreal-pastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimetheytried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingChicago'sO'HareInternational.Itisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhasbecome-butthelinesareobvious.
Partoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravel,sotheTSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.Partoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlysomuchroomforscreeninglanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoidchecked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.
ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:
EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfortravelersandtheTSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletouseexpeditedscreeninglanes.ThisallowstheTSAwantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.
Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock.Passengersmustpay$85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreCheck'sfatalflaw.Upcomingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.ButCongressshouldlookintodoingsodirectly,byhelpingtofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.
TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicsuffersinunnecessarylines.Itislongpasttimetomaketheprogramwork.
21.thecrashofEgyptAirFlight804ismentionedto
[A]stresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwide.
[B]highlightthenecessityofupgradingmajorUSairports.
[C]explainAmericans'toleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.
[D]emphasistheimportanceofprivacyprotection.
【答案】[C]explainAmericans'toleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.
22.whichofthefollowingcontributionstolongwaitsatmajorairport?
[A]Newrestrictionsoncarry-onbags.
[B]ThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA.
[C]Anincreaseinthenumberoftravelers.
[D]Frequentunexpectedsecretchecks.
【答案】[C]Anincreaseinthenumberoftravelers.
23.Theword"expedited"(Line4,Para.5)isclosestinmeaningto
[A]faster.
[B]quieter.
[C]wider.
[D]cheaper.
【答案】[A]faster.
24.OneproblemwiththePreCheckprogramis
[A]Adramaticreductionofitsscale.
[B]Itswrongly-directedimplementation.
[C]Thegovernment'sreluctancetobackit.
[D]Anunreasonablepriceforenrollment.
【答案】[D]Anunreasonablepriceforenrollment.
25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
[A]LessScreeningforMoreSafety
[B]PreCheck-aBelatedSolution
[C]GettingStuckinSecurityLines
[D]UnderusedPreCheckLanes
【答案】[B]PreCheck-aBelatedSolution
Text2
"TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers,"wroteQueenLiliuokalani,Hawaii'slastreigningmonarch,in1897.StarwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembersofHawaiiansociety.Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday.ProtestshaveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope(TMT),agiantobservatorythatpromisestorevolutionizehumanity'sviewofthecosmos.
AtissueistheTMT'splannedlocationonMaunaKea,adormantvolcanow