新视野快速阅读B3 Unit1.docx

新视野快速阅读B3 Unit1.docx

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新视野快速阅读B3Unit1

Unit1

Passage1

I.Directions:

Readthefollowingpassages,andthenmarkY（YES）ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage,markN（NO）ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage,markNG（NOTGIVEN）iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

快速阅读自查表

阅读和练习应完成的时间：

10分51秒

实际用时：

正确答题记录：

GoingHometoWork

TodayfewerpeopleintheUnitedStatesdrivetowork,.Theyhavestoppedcommutingtowork.Theystayhome.Theyhavenotlosttheirjobsorstartedtheirowncompanies-theyareanewtypeofemployees:

thetelecommuter（通过与办公室连接的电脑终端在家工作的人）.OverfivemillionworkingpeopleintheUSdividetheirworkbetweenhomeandtheoffice.Someworkmostlyathome,someworkmostlyintheoffice,andsomeworkathomehalfthetimeandintheofficehalfthetime.Todaywithamodernsystemofcommunications,manypeoplecanworkanywhere,Anindividualonlyneedsasupportivebossandanofficewithatelephoneandanansweringmachine,acomputerandaprinter,acopier,afaxmachine,andamodem.Researcherspredictthat,injustafewyears,41percentofworkersintheUnitedStateswilltelecommute.Drivingtoworkmaysoonbecomesomethingofthepast.

Foremployees

Employeesliketelecommutingbecausetheycanhaveafreeworkingschedule.Theycanstarttoworkwhenevertheywantto.Theycanworkintheeveningandgooutinthemorningorintheafternoon.Theydon’thavetospendasmuchtimesittinginhighwaytraffic.Theycantakeadvantageofthefreshair.Moreover,telecommutinggivesworkingmothersandfathersmoretimewiththeirfamilies.

Buttelecommutingisnotthecureforallworkingpeoplewhofeelstressedintheirjobs.Peoplewhoworkathomealoneoftenfeelisolated.Theyseldomseepeopleface-toface.Withlesstimeintheoffice,theymayspendmostoftheirworkinghoursalone.Theyusuallyspendmoretimeincontactwithmachinesratherthanwithhumanbeings,sotheysometimesfeellonely.Infact,noteveryonemakesagoodtelecommuter.Peoplewhotelecommuteneedtomaketheirownworkschedule.Sometelecommutersreportthattheyworkmorehourswhentheyareinthecomfortoftheirownhomes.Infact,theysometimesthinktheirhomeistheirworkplace,andthismakesthemfeelconfused.Whenhomeandworkplacegetconfused,peoplefeelasiftheyneverleavework.Somefamilieshaveproblemscopingwithworkathome.Forexample,thechildrenmaynotunderstandwhytheycannottalktomom（ordad）whenshe（orhe）isworking.Inaddition,notalljobsallowtelecomuting.Amagazineeditormaybeabletospendmostofhistimeworkingathome,whileahospitalnurseoraschoolteacher,however,maynot.

ForEmployers

Employersmaynotaccepttheideaoftelecommuting,either.Theymayfeelalossofcontroloveremployeeswhoworkathome.Alsoemployersoftenbelievethatthebestworkgetsdonewhenpeopleworkwiththeirassociates.Face-tofacemeetingsarenotpossiblewithtelecommuters.Meetingsonthephonearenotthesame.Thesubtlemessagesofbodylanguagegetlostinphonediscussions.Inaddition,whenemployeesworkathomeitisnotpossibletosolveproblemsthatrequireimmediateattention.Thebiggestproblem,infact,maybetrust.Cananemployertrusthisemployeetodohisworkwithoutamanagerwatchingaround?

Theemployermustchoosetherightpersontotelecommute.

Yetifemployerscanmanagefeelingalossofcontroloveremployees,theymayfindmanyadvantages.Telecommutingcansavemoneyforabusiness.Runninganofficewillbelessexpensiveifpeopleworkathome.Employeeswillbehappierand,asaresult,moreproductive.ACaliforniastudyshowedthattelecommuterswere20percentmoreproductivethanofficeworkers.Actually,manytelecommutersreportworkingtenhourseachday,retherthaneighthours,whentheyworkathome.Anotheradvantageforemployersisthattheycanhiremoreemployeeswhocannotrelocatetheirhomes.Ifanemployeecannotmovetowherethecompanyis,hethencantelecommute.Theycanalsokeepemployeeswhomightwanttoleavethecompanybecauseofthegreatdistancefromhome.Whenacompanysucceedsinkeepingitsemployees,itsavesthemoneythatwouldbeneededtotrainnewemployees.

ForSociety

Thebenefitsoftelecommutingmaybeevengreaterforsociety.Ifmorepeopleworkathome,therewillbefewercarsonthehighways.Iftherearefewercarsonthehighways,therewillbelessgasolineusedandlesspollutionproduced.Inaddition,ifpeopleareabletoworkathome,morewomenanddisabledworkerscanbehired.Asfamiliesbalancethedemandsofworkandfamilylife,theywillbehappierandmoreproductive.

Butagain,istelecommutingtheperfectsolution?

Aspeoplehavemoreopportunitiestoworkathome,manymaymovetothesuburbsortoruralareas.Astheymoveoutofthecities,thecitieswillbeleftwithoutaheavilyemployedpopulation.Sincetheunemployedwhostayinthecitieswillnotpaytaxestothecities,therewillbelessmoneytosupportthecities’roads,watersupply,electricsupply,andsoon.

Thereisonemoreseriousproblemthanlackinginmoneyforcities.Aspeoplebecomemorecomfortableworkingalone,theymaybecomelesssocial.It’seasiertostayhomeincomfortableexerciseclothesthantogetdressedforyetanotherbusinessmeeting!

Boththebreaking-downofourcitiesandtheworseningsocialhabitsofpeoplearenotsmallproblemsasweconsiderthepossibilityoftelecommuting.

（901words）

1.Generallyspeaking,theauthorholdsanobjectiveviewontelecommuting..

2.Nowadays41percentworkersintheUSaretelecommuters.

3.Childrenarefreetotalkwiththeirparentswhiletheyareworkingathome.

4.Foremployers,thebiggestproblemwithtelecommutingmaybetrust.

5.Comparedwithofficeworkers,peoplewhoworkathomewillbecomehappierandmoreproductive.

6.Thegreatestbenefitfromtelecommutingforemployersisthattelecommutersworkmorehours.

7.Telecommutingishelpfultoenvironmentalprotection.

8.Amoreseriousproblemcausedforsocietybytelecommutingisthatpeoplemaybecomelesssocial.

Passage2

I.Directions:

Readthefollowingpassage,andthencompletethesentencswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

快速阅读自查表

阅读和练习应完成的时间：

11分30秒

实际用时：

正确答题数记录：

AnimalEducation

Animalsperformmanyusefulandentertainingjobs.Dogsareparticularlyvaluableinguidingtheblind,protectingproperty,findingthemissing,andsearchingforcriminals.Horsesareusedinguardingotheranimals,carryingmenwheretherearenoroads,andhelpingfarmersworkontheirfarms.Pigeonshavelongbeenusedtocarrymessages.Wildanimalsfromtheforestsandseasareverypopularperformersinvariousshowsandmovies.Peoplerealizethat,althoughanimalsmaynotbeassmartashumanbeings,theyaresmartenoughtolearncertainthings.

Thefirstthingadogistaughtistoobey.Itwillnottaketoolongforhimtolearncommands.Simpleorders,suchas“sit”,“liedown”,“staythere”,and“comehere”,canevenbetaughtbyachild.

Trainingadogtobeawatchdogoftenproducessurprisingresults.Somedogsquicklylearnthedifferencebetweenunwantedpeopleandfriends.Thisisbecausetheirmasterswelcomefriendsandinvitethemintotheirhouses.However,somedogswillalwaysattackthepostmanwhocomestodeliverletters.Oneexplanationforthisbehavioristhat,althoughthepostmancomestothehouseoften,heneverentersthehouse,.Therefore,thedogthinksheissomeonewhoisnotwanted,butkeepscomingbackanyway.

Mastersofthedogsthatattackpostmancaneasilyshowthedogthatheisafriendandthatthedogdoesnotneedtotreathimasanunwantedperson.Adogisquitereadytodowhathismasterwishes.Andadogisalwayshappywhenheispraisedforunderstandingitcorrectly.

Dogscanbetaughttoobeycommandswhenthesoundofawordisconnectedwithacertainact.Twoimportantfactorsinteachingadogtoobeycommandsare:

usingthesamewordeachtimeforthesameact,andteachingonlyoneactatatime.Dogscanlearnnotonlytosit,liedown,come,andstayintheplacewhentheirmastersgoaway,butalsotojump,carry,andfetchthings.

Afteradoglearnstocarryanobject,hecanlearntobringitbackfromadistance.Astickcanbethrownfaraway,andthedogenjoysrunningafterit,andsearchingforituntilhefindsit.Afteralotofpractice,thedogcanreturnwithastick（orotherobjects）evenwhenhehasnotseenitthrown.Toteachadogthisskill,themastermakesasimpletrailbywalkingsomedistanceinastraightline.Thenheleavesthestickattheendofthetrail.Thedoglearnstofollowthestraightlineatfirst.Thenheleavesthestickattheendofthetrail.Thedoglearnstofollowthestraightlineatfirst.Then,later,helearnstofollowmoreirregularlines.Eventually,hecanlearntofollowasmell.Withthisskillhecanbeveryusefulintrackingdownlostpeopleorcriminals.

Dogsareveryhelpfulascompanionsforblindpeople.Whenadoghasbeenproperlytrainedhewillalwaysleadhisblindmasterintherightdirectionandkeephimoutofdanger.Forexample,seeing-eyedogs（导盲犬）learnnevertocrossabusyroadwhencarsarecoming,eveniftheirmasterscommandthemtodoso.

Horsesarealsoabletolearnmanythings.Horsesthatareusedforguardorpolicedutymustlearnnevertobefrightenedofnoises,traffic,andotherhins.Racehorsesareabletorunmuchfasterthanotherhorses,buttheyarealsoquitehigh-strung（易激动的）,Therefore,itisnecessaryforthosepeoplewhotrainthemtobeverypatientandunderstanding.

Pigeonshaveanaturalinstincttoreturnhome,eveniftheyareveryfar