北京成人本科学位英语真题 1.docx
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北京成人本科学位英语真题1
北京成人本科学位英语真题2014年5月
（总分：
100.00，做题时间：
120分钟）
一、PartIReadingComprehension（30%）Directions:
Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoi（总题数：
3，分数：
15.00）
Passage1Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
ThefirstyearofschoolinAmerica,knownaskindergarten,usuallybeginsbetweentheagesoffiveandsix.Amongrichcountriessuchalatestartisverystrange.PresidentObamabelievesitisaneconomicandsocialproblem;hiseducationsecretarygoesasfarastosaythatitis"morallywrong".Thisstatementhassomesupport,asitisclearfromresearchintovocabularythatyoungstersfrompoorfamiliesenterkindergartenwellbehindthosefromrichfamilies—adisadvantagethatusuallylastsalifetime.Childrenfromhouseholdsonwelfareknew525wordsbytheageofthree,whilethechildrenofprofessionalshadmastered1,116.（76）{{U}}Pre-schoolcanhelpclosethisgap.{{/U}}Soinaspeechlastmonth,Mr.ObamacalledforapartnershipbetweenthefederalgovernmentandthestatestoexpandittoeveryAmericanchild.Itlaterbecameknownthat"every"meantthosewhocomefromfamilieswithincomesofupto200%abovethepovertyline—equaltoanincomeof$47,000forafamilyoffour.（77）{{U}}Somecriticssaythatsendingchildrentoschoolattheageoffourdoesnotwork.{{/U}}Theevidencesuggestsotherwise.Forexample,onMarch20thnewresultswereannouncedfromastudyof9tol1yearoldsinNewJersey.Thisreportfoundthatdisadvantagedchildrenwhohadattendedpre.schoolhadbetterliteracy（读写能力）,language,mathsandscienceskills.Andtwoyearsofpre.kindergartenwerebetterthanone.Somestudiesalsofollowtheeffectsofearlylearningoverlifetimes,suchasitseffectoncrimeratesandotherfactorsthatmayeventuallyburdensociety.CriticshavesingledoutagovernmentschemecalledHeadStart,createdin1965,whichprovidespoorhouseholdswitharangeofservicesincludingschool.basedearlyeducation.（分数：
5.00）
（1）.KindergarteninrichcountriesotherthanAmericausuallybeginsattheageof__________.（分数：
1.00）
A.eight
B.seven
C.six
D.four √
解析：
第一段第一句说美国的幼儿园一般在五到六岁开始，第二句说在富裕国家里这么晚才开始是十分奇怪的，所以是在五岁以前，综合答案选择D，四岁。
（2）.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?
（分数：
1.00）
A.Poorpre-schoolkidshavealargervocabularythanrichkids.
B.PresidentObamabelievesthatearlyeducationcansolvealleconomicandsocialproblems.
C.Richpre-schoolkidshavearichervocabularythanpoorkids. √
D.PresidentObama’seducationsecretarythinksitismorallywrongtoletkidsstartkindergartenearly.
解析：
第一第四句中提到，根据调查，贫困家庭的孩子在词汇方面要落后于富有家庭的孩子，而这种差距往往会持续一生。
所以选C。
（3）.WhichofthefollowingabouttheNewJerseystudyisTRUE?
（分数：
1.00）
A.ThereisnoevidencetosupporttheNewJerseystudy.
B.NewJerseyhascreatedanewHeadStarttohelpdisadvantagedkids.
C.Sendingchildrentoschoolattheageoffourisnotgoingtohelp.
D.Twoyearsofpre.kindergartenwerebetterthanone. √
解析：
倒数第二段第三四句讲到，参加学前教育的孩子在读写能力、语言能力、数学能力和科学能力上均有更好的表现，而有两年的学前教育效果要好于一年，所以选D。
（4）.Thephrase"singleout"inthelastparagraphmeans_________.（分数：
1.00）
A.choose √
B.thinkabout
C.count
D.dependon
解析：
本句的句意是批评者们选择了一个叫做“头脑启蒙”政府计划来?
?
其他的选项分别都B考虑C计数D依赖
（5）.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?
（分数：
1.00）
A.SecondaryEducation
B.Pre-schoolEducation √
C.PoorKids’Education
D.RichKids’Education
解析：
本文通篇都在探讨的是学前教。
A选项未提到，CD均为学前教育研究的一部分，所以选B。
Passage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
HumansmaynothavelandedonMars（火星）justyet,butthatisn’tshoppingaEuropeancompanyfromdevisingaplantosendfourpeopletotheRedPlanetwithinthenextfewyears.（78）{{U}}Thisproject,calledMarsOne,aimstosendasmallgroupofpeopletoMarsin2022{{/U}}andeventuallyestablishapermanentcolonyontheplanet."EverythingweneedtogotoMarsexists,"saidMarsOneco.founderBasLansdorpinMarch2014."WehavetherocketstosendpeopletoMars,theequipmenttolandonMars,therobotstopreparethesettlementforhumans.Foraone.waymission,allthetechnologyexists."Yetthefourastronauts（宇航员）chosenforthetripwillbestuckonMars—forever.AnddespiteMarsOne’sthoroughplanning,thereareanumberofchallengesthatmaypreventthemissionfromevertakingplace.（79）{{U}}Thebiggestroadblockcouldbethemission’shugecost{{/U}}（$6billion）.However,LansdorpisconfidentthatMarsOnewillbeabletofundtheprojectbysellingthebroadcastrightsforthemissionandsubsequentexperienceslivingontheplanet.ThosebroadcastrightswillalsoplayapartinhelpingtoselectthepeoplewhowillbesenttoMars.Lansdorpsaidthecompanywillholdaselectionprocesssimilartoarealityshow.Lansdorpisexpectingatleast1millionapplicationsfrompeoplearoundtheworld.Inadditontothecost,severalotherpotentialproblemscouldinhibit（阻止）themissiontoMars.“It’sevenmorechallengingtosendpeopletherewithlifesupport,withfood,withair,withalltheotherthingslikebooks,entertainment,meansofcommunicationandofprovidingfortheirownresourcesforalongstayonMars,"saidAdamBaker.seniorlecturerinspaceengineeringatKingstonUniversityinLondon."Thesheersizeoftherocketsyou’dneedtodothiswouldbeabsolutelycolossal.”（分数：
5.00）
（1）.AccordingtoProjectMarsOne,humanscouldsendfourpeopletoMarswithinthenext_______years.（分数：
1.00）
A.seven
B.eight √
C.ten
D.six
解析：
第一段最后一句说计划在2022年送一组人上火星，可知答案是八年，选择B。
（2）.AccordingtoBasLansdorp,whichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?
（分数：
1.00）
A.Foraone-waytriptoMars,allthetechnologyexists.
B.HecouldnotcomeupwiththefundforMarsOne. √
C.WehumanshavetherocketstosendpeopletoMars.
D.WehumanshavetheequipmenttolandonMars.
解析：
第二段倒数第二句明确说明计划大约需要60亿美元。
所以B选项描述有误。
其他选项在第二段前半部分都有提到，即所有的条件均已具备。
（3）.Accordingtothepassage,allthefollowingstatementsareTRUEEXCEPTthat__________.（分数：
1.00）
A.acompetitionprocesswillbeheldtoselectthefourastronauts
B.thecostofMarsOnecouldgoasmuchas$6billion
C.ifitgoesasplanned,wecouldexpecttowatchMarsOneonTV
D.thefourastronautscouldreturntoEarthafterafewyears’stayonMars √
解析：
文中第二段提到这是一个“one-waytrip”也就是单程旅行，所以他们不能回来。
（4）.Theword"colossal”inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto__________.（分数：
1.00）
A.verylarge √
B.verysmall
C.medium
D.average
解析：
最后一段开始提到，还需要送很多东西，例如生活用品、书籍、娱乐设施等等到火星。
所以火箭的体积应该是很大的。
选择A。
（5）.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?
（分数：
1.00）
A.ReadyforaRoundTriptoMars
B.ReadyforaShortVisittoMars
C.ReadyforaOne.wayTriptoMars √
D.ReadyforaWalkonMars
解析：
文章通篇都是讲的到火星的单向旅行计划，其他选项均未提到。
Passage3Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
WhentheUnitedStatesCongresscreatedYellowstoneNationalParkin1872,thegoalwastosetasideaplacewhereAmericanscouldenjoythebeautyofnatureforyearstocome.Now,142yearslater,therearehundredsofnationalparksacrossthecountry,andtechnologyischangingthewaypeopleexperiencethem.Shouldparkvisitorsbeabletousecellphones,orshouldtheiruseberestricted?
"Connectivitypresentsarealchallengetoallofus."AlNashsays.HeisapublicaffairsofficeratYellowstoneNationalPark.HesayscellphoneserviceatYellowstoneisavailableinpartsoftheparkwithstoresandcampgrounds.Thismakesiteasyforvisitorstosharephotosoftheirtriponsocialnetworkingsitesandtostayintouchwithfriendsandfamilymembers.（80）{{U}}Ifanarkvisitorishurtorindanger,cellphonesmakeiteasiertogethelp{{/U}}.Somesaytheabilitytodownloadapplicationsthatprovideinformationaboutplantsandanimalsintheparkcanenrichavisitor’sexperience.Otherssaycellphonesdisturbpeople’senjoymentofournationalparks.Intheirview,cellphonetowersareaneyesore,andthey’dratherhearthesoundofbirdsthantheringofanincomingcall.Canyouimaginelookingoutapeacefullakeorfieldofgrassonlytobedisturbedbyapersonshoutingintotheirphone,"Canyouhearmenow?
"NashsaysYellowstonetriestostrikeabalance."Ultimately,ourjobistoletvisitorsunderstandandenjoynaturebetterwhileprotectingwhatpeoplefindspecialaboutYellowstone,andoneofthosethingsthat’sspecialistheabilitytogetawayfromthehustleandbustle（喧嚣）ofone’sdailylife."（分数：
5.00）
（1）.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?
（分数：
1.00）
A.WhichU.S.NationalParkHastheMostVisitors?
B.ShouldNationalParksAllowtheUseofCellPhones?
√
C.WhatDidYellowstoneDotoEnrichParkVisitors’Experience?
D.CanTechnologyTransformtheWayPeopleExperienceNature?
解析：
文章先介绍了国家公园的简单情况，然后引入了移动电话的问题，接下来是不同方面对这个话题的看法，所以选择，B。
（2）.Nationalparkswereestablished__________.（分数：
1.00）
A.toshowrespecttoformerpresidents
B.toraisepublicawarenessaboutclimatechange
C.topreserveareasofnaturalbeauty √
D.tocreatejobopportunities
解析：
第一段第一句话明确指出，国家公园的建立是为了留出一个区域让美国人能享受自然风光，所以答案是C。
（3）.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthecellphoneserviceatYellowstoneisTRUE?
（分数：
1.00）
A.Itislimitedtocertainareasinthepark. √
B.Itisavailableeverywhereinthepark.
C.Itisnotavailableinthepark.
D.Itisavailabletovisitorsatafee.
解析：
第二段第二句话说，移动电话只在公园里有商店和营地的地方有信号，所以选A。
（4）.Theword"eyesore"inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans__________.（分数：
1.00）
A.somethingunpleasanttolookat √
B.somethingharmfultohealth
C.beautifulscene
D.seriousthreat
解析：
第三段第一句说，反对这说，移动电话打扰了他们在公园的享受，由此可以推断，信号塔应该是他们很不喜欢看到的，选A。
（5）.What’sthepositionofYellowstoneoncellphoneuse
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