精读3第12单元重要知识点.docx
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精读3第12单元重要知识点
Unit12
LanguagePoints
1.werewornclearthrough:
werecompletelywornout
e.g.Thementallyillmangotclearawayjustashisfamilywasabouttotakehimto
hospital.
Hissockswerewornclearthrough.
Par.Mycoatiscompletelywornout.
Hisgloveswerecompletelywornout.
2.distribute
①distribute（vt.）
a）giveorsendout（to,amonganumberofpersonorplaces）分配
e.g.Parentsarecarefulin~ingthingsamongtheirchildren.
Theteacherwill~thetestpaperstohisstudents.
Productsoflabourshouldbefairly~d
Par.Heleftsomemoneytobegivenoutamongtheservants.
Themanhad40parcelstobesentouttohousesofthisarea.
Pleasegiveouttheseapplesamongtheboys.
b）spreadout（overalargearea）,divide散布、分布
e.g.Thepeasantsare~ingmanureoverafield.
Thechairsare~dround（about）theroom.
par.Thelessonsaredividedinto24chapters.
Weatherstationsarespreadoutalloverthecountry.
Thenewmachinespreadsoutseedevenlyandquicklyoverthewholefarm.
c）putintogroupsorclasses分类
e.g.Hewill~theseedsandchoosethegoodone.
par.Thebooksinthelibraryareputintogroupsaccordingtosubjects.
Theprocessisputintothreestages.
②distribution（n.）
a）分配
e.g.Theboyscomplainedthatthe~ofprizeswasunfair.
Theycouldnotagreeaboutthe~oftheprofits.
b）分布、散布、布局
e.g.The~ofschoolsinthiscityhasbeencriticized.
Welearnatextabouttherainfall~.
Thepine-treehasaverywide~.
③distributive（adj.）
a）ofdistribution分配的、分布的
e.g.~trades运销业
Hedoesn’tlikehis~work.
b）ofeach,individual,eachmemberof个别的
e.g.“Each,every,either,andneither”aresometimescalled~pronouns.
3.wastobringmoney:
mustbringmoney
weretowrite=mustwrite
par.Ourteachermadeitcleartousthatwemusthandinourexercisebooksnext
week.
Themanagersaidtheymustfinishtheirworkbefore5pm.
Theheadmasterexplainedtotheyoungmanthathewastoteachthethree
differentlevelsofpupilsinturn.
4.outof
①with（amaterial）/from（amaterial）
e.g.Marymadeherselfadressoutofthecurtainmaterial.
Thestoolwasmadeoutofthebitsofwoodthefurniturefactoryhaddisposedof.
②outof:
without
e.g.Myfatherisoutofworknowandwehadn’tanymoney.
Hewasoutofbreathwhenhereachedthetopofthehill.
par.Fishcan’tlivewithoutwater.
Wehavenofoodleft.（Weare/haverunoutoffood.）
③outof:
becauseof
e.g.Itwasdoneoutofmischief.
par.Theyhelpedusbecauseofpity.
Iaskedonlybecauseofcuriosity.
5.quiteajoker:
averygoodjoker
‘quite’isusedjustbeforeasingularnounwithoutadjectivetoshowthatapersonorthingisunusualormorethantheaverageofthetype.不寻常的，了不起的
e.g.Thatwasquoteaparty.=Itwasunusuallynoisyorniceorinterestingorlongor
wild,etc.）
She’squiteagirl.
That’squiteastory.
6.nourish
1nourish（vt.）
a）keepsb.aliveandwellwithfood,makewellastrong;improvelandwithmanure滋养使健壮；用肥料等改良
e.g.Weallneedgoodfoodto~ourbodies.
Shetriesto~herbabywithgoodfood.
Wemust~thesoil.
b）haveorencourage（feelings）怀有（愿望等）
e.g.Theyoungman~edadeepaffectionforhismother.
~hope/love/hatred/dislike（for）
par.Hehashopeinhisheart.
Hehasfeelingsofhatredfortheoldman.
Shehasstrongdislikefortheboy.
Shehasthehopeofatripabroad.
②nourishing（adj.）
e.g.Milk,eggsandmeatare~ingfood.
Itis~ingsoil.
③nourished（adj.）
e.g.Thisisawell~edbaby.
④nourishment（n.）[u]:
sth.（food）thatisgoodtopeople’sbodies营养
take/absorb~吸取营养
e.g.Doyouhaveenough~here?
Sheisbeginningtorecoveraftertakingsome~.
7.seal
①（v.）
a）tosticksth.down封口,封住
e.g.We~thejaroffruit.（makeitairtight）
Nowadays,people~theparcelswithstickytape.
（fig.）Hislipsare~ed.（=Hedoesn’tspeak.）
Imust~mylipstoday.
Hiseyesare~edwithsleep.
~in保持住
e.g.Thenewjarwill~infreshness（and~outsmell.）
Cookthemeatquicklyto~inthejuices.
Ourspecialcanningprocess~stheflavourin.
~off封住,封闭
e.g.He~edoffthebottle.
Thepolice~edoffthearea.
~up封牢,堵塞住
e.g.Removesomerocksand~upthecave.
It’ssocold,please~upthewindows.
b）putthesignature盖章
e.g.Youmust~thedocument.
Youmustaskthedeanto~yourschoolreport.
c）settle,decide解决,决定
e.g.We~edourargumentwithahandshake.
par.Theysettledthebargainwithconcession.
Thejudge’swordssettledtheprisoner’sfate.
②（n.）
a）pieceofmetaletc.onwhichadesignandwhichisusedtostampthesealonwax,
etc.图章,印章
e.g.Thekingput/appliedthe~tothedocument.
Thedocumentboretheking’s~.
Hepressedhis~intothehotwax.
TheSealofStateisattachedtoimportantgovernmentpapers.
b）pieceofwax,lead,etc.Stampedwithadesignattachedtoadocumentoraletteroraboxetc.封蜡,封条,封印
e.g.Thedoorisfastenedbya~.
Theenvelope’s~istornopen.
break/takeoff/tearopentheseal启封,拆封
~ofone’sapproval/consent正式同意
e.g.Hegavethe~ofhisapproval.
put/setone’s~to拟准,同意
e.g.Heputhis~totheirproposal/plan.
8.feellike
①feellikesth.:
seemlikewhentouched
e.g.OnChristmasDaymyunclegavemeaparcelwhichcontainedsomethingthatfelt
likebarsofchocolate.
Inpitchdarknesswhenthewoundedsoldiertouchedtheground,itfeltlikewater
everywhere.Earlynextmorning,hiscomrades-in-armsfoundhimlyinginapool
ofblood.
②eellike（doing）sth.---beinclinedtodosth.
e.g.Peterisdownwithmeasles.Hedoesn’tfeellikeeatinganything.
Let’shaveawalkaroundthecampusaftersupper,ifyoufeellikeit.
par.Iaminclinedtoseeafilm.（Ifeellikeseeingafilm.）
Hewasinclinedtohaveacupoftea.（Hefeltlikeacupoftea.）
9.distress
1distress（vt）:
causegreatpain,discomfortorsorrow使痛苦,使伤心
e.g.Theboy’swritinghisnameontheenvelope~edhismother.
par.Thebadnewsformhomecausedgreatpaintoher.
Thefailureintheexammadehimupset.
Don’tmakeyourselfsuffer.
②（n.）
a）[u]greatpain,discomfort,sorrow痛苦,穷困
eg:
Herhusbanddiedandshewasingreat~.
Shecriedoutin~.
Hisgoodfriend’svisitcausedhimmore~thanpleasure.
b）[c]sth.thatmakessb.suffer
beagreat~tosb.
e.g.Hisfailureintheexamisagreat~tohim.
par.Hemadehismothersuffer.（Hewasa~tohismother.）
c）seriousdangerordifficultyorpoverty穷困,危难
bein~
e.g.Itwasobviousthatthepoorwomanwasin~.
par.Hewasreadytolendhishelptoanyoneindifficulty.
Thelifeboatwentouttoashopindanger.
③distressing（adj.）:
causinggreatpainordiscomfort
e.g.Thewriter’swritinghisnamewas~ing.
Itisapieceof~ingnews.
Whathesaidis~ing.
④distressed（adj.）:
upsetandsad
be~edabout/at
e.g.Shewas~edaboutherexam/herfailure.
Mr.Smithwas~edatthelossofhisproperty.
be~edtodosth
e.g.Weweremuch/deeply~edtohearthenewsofhiswife’sdeath.
10.gutter（n.）
①channelfixedundertheedgeofarooftocarryawayrainwater,channelattheside
ofaroadtocarryawayrainwater路旁的水沟
②（fig.）streets,esp.ofapoordistrict
thelanguageofthe~下流的语言
11.aslongas/solongas:
if,onconditionthat
e.g.Iwillhelpyouas/sofarasIcan.
So/Aslongasyoucancomebackbeforedark,youmaygoon/forapicnicwith
yourfriends.
c.f.as/sofaras:
tothedegreeordistancethat
e.g.ThehikerswalkedasfarastheGreatWall.
12.coop（v.）
be/staycoopedupin:
beconfinedto
e.g.Howlongarewegoingtostay~edupinhere?
Let’sgetoutforsomefreshair!
Theywere/stayed~edupinthehouse/classroombytherain.
13.sb./sth.takesona~look
e.g.Myvillagehastakenonanewlook.
Hehasjusthadahaircut.Sohetakesoanewlook.
ProfessorLialwaystakesonajokinglook.
14.dress
①（v）
a）（vi.）putclotheson
e.g.I’llbereadyinamoment;I’m~ing.
Sheoften~edinblack.
putonspecialcorrectformalclothesfortheevening穿正式（晚）礼服,盛装
e.g.Hesaidhewouldgotothepartyifhedidn’thaveto~.
b）（vt.）
~oneself/sb
eg:
Please~thebaby,George.
be~ed:
tobewearing
e.g.Heisnot~edinhisuniform.
②（n.）
a）clothing,esp.outerclothing服装,衣裳
e.g.Inthisplay,theactorswearthe~of100yearsago.
b）clothingwornonspecialoccasionsorbyspecialtypesofpeople
e.g.evening~晚礼服
③（adj.）
a）relatedtoorusedforadress
e.g.~material衣料
b）.requiringorpermittingformaldress
e.g.a~affair盛装的活动
15.arrogant
①arrogant（adj.）:
showingtoomuchprideinoneself
e.g.Theboss’ssonis~toalltheworkers.
Healwaysspeaksinan~tone.
②arrogance（n.）
e.g.His~ledtohisfailure.
16.bewilder（vt.）:
puzzle,confuse
bewildering,bewildered（adj.）
bewilderment（n.）
e.g.Someproblemsinmathsbewilderme
Bigcitytrafficisbewildering.
I’mbewilderedbythehousingproblem.
Helookedatmeinopen-mouthedbewilderment.
par.Iwaitedwithafeelingofconfusionwhichwaspainful/agonizing.
Wewerepuzzledbywhathesaid.
Hisexplanationofthematterisconfusing.
17.numb
①（adj.）:
withoutabilitytofeelanymore,esp.asaresultofcold
eg:
Myfingersare~withcold.
Myhandsare~afteranhouroutsideonsuchacoldday.
Note:
（fig.）
e.g.Thesightofthelionmadehim~withfear.
②（v.）
e.g.Thecold~edmyhands.
Note:
（oftenpass.）tocausetofeelnothingornopain;makenumb
e.g.Ourfingersare~edwithcold.
Theywere~edwithgrief.
18.ache
①ache（vi.）
a）havecontinuousorprolongedpain（持续的）疼痛
e.g.My
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