LCV scores in the HouseSenate rose with per capita income.docx

LCV scores in the HouseSenate rose with per capita income.docx

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LCVscoresintheHouseSenaterosewithpercapitaincome

Wherehavealltheflowersgone?

  OriginalResearchArticle

LandscapeandUrbanPlanning,InPress,CorrectedProof,Availableonline26February2011

PeterJacobs

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891

Roleofgenderandlinguisticdiversityinworddecodingdevelopment  OriginalResearchArticle

LearningandIndividualDifferences,InPress,CorrectedProof,Availableonline26February2011

LudoVerhoeven,JanvanLeeuwe

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ResearchHighlights

►GirlsarebetterinDutchworddecodingthroughouttheprimarygrades.►SecondlanguagelearnersstaybehindindecodingcomplexDutchwords.►Thereisnointeractionbetweengenderandlinguisticdiversityonworddecoding.►Thestructureofworddecodingdevelopmentishighlysimilaracrossgroups.

892

AShapeOptimizationMethodforNonlinearAxisymmetricMagnetostaticsUsingaCouplingofFiniteandBoundaryElements  OriginalResearchArticle

MathematicsandComputersinSimulation,InPress,AcceptedManuscript,Availableonline26February2011

D.Lukáš,K.Postava,O.Životský

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AbstractAbstract

Abstract

Inthispaperweproposeamethodforconstrainedshapeoptimizationgovernedwithanonlinearaxisymmetricmagnetostaticstateproblemandweapplyittoanoptimalshapedesignofanelectromagnet.ThestateproblemissolvedviaHiptmair'ssymmetriccouplingoffiniteelementsemployedintheinteriorferromagneticdomainandboundaryelementsmodellingtheexteriorairdomainaswellascurrentexcitations.AsanoveltywederiveDuffyregularizationtransformsoftheboundaryelementintegralsfortheaxisymmetriccase,whicharethenevaluatedusingatensor–productGaussianquadrature.NonlinearferromagneticbehaviourisresolvedbyNewtoniterations.Theoptimizationmethodunderbothlinearandnonlinearconstraintsreliesontheactive–setsteepest–descentsearch,projectionsontothesetoflinearizedconstraints,andanadjointmethodofshapesensitivityanalysis.Shapeperturbationsinfluencegriddeformationviaasolutiontoanauxiliarytorsion–freelinearelasticityproblem.Finally,numericalresultsarepresented.

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893

Designandvalidationofabi-axialloadingbioreactorformechanicalstimulationofengineeredcartilage  

MedicalEngineering&Physics,InPress,CorrectedProof,Availableonline26February2011

NorwahidaYusoff,NoorAzuanAbuOsman,BelindaPingguan-Murphy

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AbstractAbstract|Figures/TablesFigures/Tables|ReferencesReferences

Abstract

Amechanical-conditioningbioreactorhasbeendevelopedtoprovidebi-axialloadingtothree-dimensional（3D）tissueconstructswithinahighlycontrolledenvironment.Thecomputer-controlledbioreactoriscapableofapplyingaxialcompressiveandsheardeformations,individuallyorsimultaneouslyatvariousregimesofstrainandfrequency.Thereliabilityandreproducibilityofthesystemwereverifiedthroughvalidationofthespatialandtemporalaccuracyofplatenmovement,whichwasmaintainedovertheoperatinglengthofthesystem.Inthepresenceofactualspecimens,thesystemwasverifiedtobeabletodeliverprecisebi-axialloadtothespecimens,inwhichthedeformationofeveryspecimenwasobservedtoberelativelyhomogeneous.Theprimaryuseofthebioreactorisinthecultureofchondrocytesseededwithinanagarosehydrogelwhilesubjectedtophysiologicalcompressiveandsheardeformation.Thesystemhasbeendesignedspecificallytopermittherepeatablequantificationandcharacterisationofthebiosyntheticactivityofcellsinresponsetoawiderangeofshortandlongtermmulti-dimensionalloadingregimes.

ArticleOutline

1.Introduction

2.Bi-axialloadingbioreactor

2.1.Finiteelementmodeling

2.2.Designanddescription

2.2.1.Mediumtransfer

2.2.2.Controlsystem

3.Validationtests

3.1.Platendisplacement

3.2.Platenfrequency

3.3.Consistencyofplatenmovementandstabilityoflong-termoperation

3.4.Validationofagarosedeformation

4.Discussion

5.Conclusion

Conflictofinterest

Acknowledgements

References

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894

TheSingaporehighresolutionsinglecellimagingfacility  OriginalResearchArticle

NuclearInstrumentsandMethodsinPhysicsResearchSectionB:

BeamInteractionswithMaterialsandAtoms,InPress,CorrectedProof,Availableonline26February2011

FrankWatt,XiaoChen,ArminBaysicDeVera,ChammikaCNUdalagama,RenMinqin,JeroenAvanKan,AndrewABettiol

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AbstractAbstract|Figures/TablesFigures/Tables|ReferencesReferences

Abstract

TheCentreforIonBeamApplications,NationalUniversityofSingaporehasrecentlyexpandedfromthreestate-of-the-artbeamlinestofive.Twonewbeamlineshavebeenconstructed:

Asecondgenerationprotonbeamwritingline,andahighresolutionsinglecellimagingfacility.BothsystemsfeaturehighdemagnificationlenssystemsbasedoncompactOxfordMicrobeamsOM52lenses,coupledwithreducedlens/imagedistances.

ThesinglecellimagingfacilityisdesignedaroundOM52compactlensescapableofoperatinginavarietyofhighdemagnificationconfigurationsincludingthespacedOxfordtripletandthedoublecrossoverRussianquadruplet.Thenewfacilityhasdesignspecificationsaimedatspatialresolutionsbelow50 nm,withavarietyoftechniquesincludingSTIM,secondaryelectronandfluorescenceimaging,andanin-builtopticalandfluorescencemicroscopeforsampleimaging,identificationandpositioning.

PreliminarytestsusingthesinglespaceOxfordtripletconfigurationhaveindicatedabeamspotsizeof31 × 39 nminthehorizontalandverticaldirectionsrespectively,atbeamcurrentsof

10,000protonspersecond.However,aweaknessinthespecificationsoftheelectrostaticscanningsystemhasbeenidentified,andamorestablescanningsystemneedstobeimplementedbeforewecanfullyrealizetheoptimumperformance.Asinglewholefibroblastcellhasbeenscannedusing1.5 MeVprotons,andamedianfittotheprotontransmissionenergylossdatahasshownthatprotonSTIMgivesexcellentdetailsofthecellstructuredespitetherelativelypoorcontrastofprotonSTIMcomparedwithalphaSTIM.

ArticleOutline

1.Introduction

2.Descriptionofthehighresolutionsinglecellimagingfacility

3.Preliminarytestsofthehighresolutionsinglecellimagingfacility

4.Discussionandconcludingremarks

Acknowledgements

References

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895

Quantitativegeneticstudyofamphiregulinandfractalkinecirculatinglevels–potentialmarkersofarthropathies  OriginalResearchArticle

OsteoarthritisandCartilage,InPress,CorrectedProof,Availableonline26February2011

A.Leonov,S.Trofimov,S.Ermakov,G.Livshits

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Summary

Objective

Amphiregulin（AREG）andFractalkine（FRACT）,areinvolvedinavarietyofnormalandpathologicalprocesses,andarebothsuggestedtoberelevanttojointdegeneration.Theaimsofthepresentstudyincluded

（1）testingassociationbetweencirculatinglevelsofthesebiomarkersandjointpathologies,

（2）evaluationoftheputativegeneticandfamilialfactors’effectonAREGandFRACTvariability.

Design

Thestudywasconductedinthefamily-basedsampleof923Caucasianindividuals.VariancecomponentanalysiswasusedtoassesscontributionofgeneticandenvironmentalfactorstovariabilityofAREGandFRACTconcentration.

Results

ThemeanlevelsofFRACTweresignificantlyhigherintheaffectedgroupwitharthropathies（synovialjointsosteoarthritis（OA）anddiscdegenerativedisease,DDD）theninthecontrolgroup（P < 0.0004）.CirculatingAREGlevelswerehigherinDDD（P = 0.0272）.GeneticfactorsconstitutedthemainsourceoftheinterindividualdifferencesoftheAREGandFRACTlevelsinoursample,andexplained29.68%and41.68%ofthetotalvariation,respectively.ThephenotypiccorrelationbetweenAREGandFRACTwassubstantial（r = 0.55,P = 0.0001）andwasassociatedwithbothcommongeneticandenvironmentalfactors.Specifically,30%ofthephenotypiccorrelationbetweenAREGandFRACTwasduetocommongeneticeffects.

Conclusions

FurtherstudiesarerequiredtoassessrelevancyofFRACTtoclinicaldiagnosisandprognosisofarthropathies,toinvestigatethemechanismsbehindtheobservedphenotypicandgeneticcovariationamongthestudiedbiomarkers,andtoexplorespecificgeneticpolymorphismsaffectingAREGandFRACTvariation.

ArticleOutline

Introduction

Materialsandmethods

Sample

Biochemicalmeasurements

Statisticalanalysis

Results

Preliminarystatisticsforbiochemicalmarkers

Quantitativegeneticanalysis

Discussion

Authorcontributions

Competinginterests

Acknowledgements

AppendixSupplementarymaterial

References

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896

Discoveringandrestoringchangesinobjectpositionsusinganautonomousrobotwithlaserrangefinders  OriginalResearchArticle

RoboticsandAutonomousSystems,InPress,CorrectedProof,Availableonline26February2011

FredyTungadi,LindsayKleeman

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AbstractAb