LCV scores in the HouseSenate rose with per capita income.docx

1、LCV scores in the HouseSenate rose with per capita incomeWhere have all the flowers gone?Original Research ArticleLandscape and Urban Planning, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 26 February 2011Peter JacobsShow preview| Related articles|Related reference work articles Purchase$ 41.95891Rol

2、e of gender and linguistic diversity in word decoding developmentOriginal Research ArticleLearning and Individual Differences, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 26 February 2011Ludo Verhoeven, Jan van LeeuweClose preview| Related articles|Related reference work articles LOADING.Purchase$ 3

3、7.95Research Highlights Girls are better in Dutch word decoding throughout the primary grades. Second language learners stay behind in decoding complex Dutch words. There is no interaction between gender and linguistic diversity on word decoding. The structure of word decoding development is highly

4、similar across groups.892A Shape Optimization Method for Nonlinear Axisymmetric Magnetostatics Using a Coupling of Finite and Boundary ElementsOriginal Research ArticleMathematics and Computers in Simulation, In Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available online 26 February 2011D. Luk, K. Postava, O. ivot

5、skClose preview| Related articles|Related reference work articles AbstractAbstract AbstractIn this paper we propose a method for constrained shape optimization governed with a nonlinear axisymmetric magnetostatic state problem and we apply it to an optimal shape design of an electromagnet. The state

6、 problem is solved via Hiptmairs symmetric coupling of finite elements employed in the interior ferromagnetic domain and boundary elements modelling the exterior air domain as well as current excitations. As a novelty we derive Duffy regularization transforms of the boundary element integrals for th

7、e axisymmetric case, which are then evaluated using a tensorproduct Gaussian quadrature. Nonlinear ferromagnetic behaviour is resolved by Newton iterations. The optimization method under both linear and nonlinear constraints relies on the activeset steepestdescent search, projections onto the set of

8、 linearized constraints, and an adjoint method of shape sensitivity analysis. Shape perturbations influence grid deformation via a solution to an auxiliary torsionfree linear elasticity problem. Finally, numerical results are presented.Purchase$ 31.50893Design and validation of a bi-axial loading bi

9、oreactor for mechanical stimulation of engineered cartilageMedical Engineering & Physics, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 26 February 2011Norwahida Yusoff, Noor Azuan Abu Osman, Belinda Pingguan-MurphyClose preview| Related articles|Related reference work articles AbstractAbstract | Figu

10、res/TablesFigures/Tables | ReferencesReferences AbstractA mechanical-conditioning bioreactor has been developed to provide bi-axial loading to three-dimensional (3D) tissue constructs within a highly controlled environment. The computer-controlled bioreactor is capable of applying axial compressive

11、and shear deformations, individually or simultaneously at various regimes of strain and frequency. The reliability and reproducibility of the system were verified through validation of the spatial and temporal accuracy of platen movement, which was maintained over the operating length of the system.

12、 In the presence of actual specimens, the system was verified to be able to deliver precise bi-axial load to the specimens, in which the deformation of every specimen was observed to be relatively homogeneous. The primary use of the bioreactor is in the culture of chondrocytes seeded within an agaro

13、se hydrogel while subjected to physiological compressive and shear deformation. The system has been designed specifically to permit the repeatable quantification and characterisation of the biosynthetic activity of cells in response to a wide range of short and long term multi-dimensional loading re

14、gimes.Article Outline1. Introduction2. Bi-axial loading bioreactor 2.1. Finite element modeling2.2. Design and description 2.2.1. Medium transfer2.2.2. Control system3. Validation tests 3.1. Platen displacement3.2. Platen frequency3.3. Consistency of platen movement and stability of long-term operat

15、ion3.4. Validation of agarose deformation4. Discussion5. ConclusionConflict of interestAcknowledgementsReferencesPurchase$ 31.50894The Singapore high resolution single cell imaging facilityOriginal Research ArticleNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with

16、Materials and Atoms, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 26 February 2011Frank Watt, Xiao Chen, Armin Baysic De Vera, Chammika C N Udalagama, Ren Minqin, Jeroen A van Kan, Andrew A BettiolClose preview| Related articles|Related reference work articles AbstractAbstract | Figures/TablesFigures

17、/Tables | ReferencesReferences AbstractThe Centre for Ion Beam Applications, National University of Singapore has recently expanded from three state-of-the-art beam lines to five. Two new beam lines have been constructed: A second generation proton beam writing line, and a high resolution single cel

18、l imaging facility. Both systems feature high demagnification lens systems based on compact Oxford Microbeams OM52 lenses, coupled with reduced lens/image distances. The single cell imaging facility is designed around OM52 compact lenses capable of operating in a variety of high demagnification conf

19、igurations including the spaced Oxford triplet and the double crossover Russian quadruplet. The new facility has design specifications aimed at spatial resolutions below 50nm, with a variety of techniques including STIM, secondary electron and fluorescence imaging, and an in-built optical and fluore

20、scence microscope for sample imaging, identification and positioning. Preliminary tests using the single space Oxford triplet configuration have indicated a beam spot size of 3139nm in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively, at beam currents of 10,000 protons per second. However, a weak

21、ness in the specifications of the electrostatic scanning system has been identified, and a more stable scanning system needs to be implemented before we can fully realize the optimum performance. A single whole fibroblast cell has been scanned using 1.5MeV protons, and a median fit to the proton tra

22、nsmission energy loss data has shown that proton STIM gives excellent details of the cell structure despite the relatively poor contrast of proton STIM compared with alpha STIM.Article Outline1. Introduction2. Description of the high resolution single cell imaging facility3. Preliminary tests of the

23、 high resolution single cell imaging facility4. Discussion and concluding remarksAcknowledgementsReferencesPurchase$ 39.95895Quantitative genetic study of amphiregulin and fractalkine circulating levels potential markers of arthropathiesOriginal Research ArticleOsteoarthritis and Cartilage, In Press

24、, Corrected Proof, Available online 26 February 2011A. Leonov, S. Trofimov, S. Ermakov, G. LivshitsClose preview| Supplementary content| Related articles|Related reference work articles AbstractAbstract | Figures/TablesFigures/Tables | ReferencesReferences SummaryObjectiveAmphiregulin (AREG) and Fra

25、ctalkine (FRACT), are involved in a variety of normal and pathological processes, and are both suggested to be relevant to joint degeneration. The aims of the present study included (1) testing association between circulating levels of these biomarkers and joint pathologies, (2) evaluation of the pu

26、tative genetic and familial factors effect on AREG and FRACT variability. DesignThe study was conducted in the family-based sample of 923 Caucasian individuals. Variance component analysis was used to assess contribution of genetic and environmental factors to variability of AREG and FRACT concentra

27、tion. ResultsThe mean levels of FRACT were significantly higher in the affected group with arthropathies (synovial joints osteoarthritis (OA) and disc degenerative disease, DDD) then in the control group (P0.0004). Circulating AREG levels were higher in DDD (P=0.0272). Genetic factors constituted th

28、e main source of the interindividual differences of the AREG and FRACT levels in our sample, and explained 29.68% and 41.68% of the total variation, respectively. The phenotypic correlation between AREG and FRACT was substantial (r=0.55, P=0.0001) and was associated with both common genetic and envi

29、ronmental factors. Specifically, 30% of the phenotypic correlation between AREG and FRACT was due to common genetic effects. ConclusionsFurther studies are required to assess relevancy of FRACT to clinical diagnosis and prognosis of arthropathies, to investigate the mechanisms behind the observed ph

30、enotypic and genetic covariation among the studied biomarkers, and to explore specific genetic polymorphisms affecting AREG and FRACT variation.Article OutlineIntroductionMaterials and methods SampleBiochemical measurementsStatistical analysisResults Preliminary statistics for biochemical markersQua

31、ntitative genetic analysisDiscussionAuthor contributionsCompeting interestsAcknowledgementsAppendixSupplementary materialReferencesPurchase$ 31.50896Discovering and restoring changes in object positions using an autonomous robot with laser rangefindersOriginal Research ArticleRobotics and Autonomous Systems, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 26 February 2011Fredy Tungadi, Lindsay KleemanClose preview| Related articles|Related reference work articles AbstractAb