大学本科专业英语 第七册6.docx

大学本科专业英语 第七册6.docx

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大学本科专业英语第七册6

UnitSix

TextI

Howtogetthingsdone

Pre-readingBrainstorming:

1）Doyouusuallymakeplansforyoureverydaywork?

Whyorwhynot?

2）Doyouthinkpeopleshouldbegoodplannersorotherwise?

Why?

3）Isthisarticleanotheressayonprocrastination?

Ifso,howdoyougettothisconclusion?

MainIdea:

Inansweringtheinquiryaboutthewayhemanagedtodosomuchthings（“Allworkandallplay”）,theauthorpresentsavividillustrationofhowheimplementedtheworkingprinciplewhichhefirmlybelievedin:

anarrationofhisexperienceonacertainMonday.

Or:

Theauthor,thoughalwaysmakingagoodplanforhisactivities,isalwaysdistractedawayfromhismostdifferenttasksbysometrivialones.

PurposeofwritingandTone:

Purpose:

Towritemockinglyabouthisownprocrastination,revealingatthesametimesometruthaboutworkefficiency.

Tone:

humorous

Or:

Towritemockinglyabouthisownprocrastination,revealingatthesametimesometruthaboutworkefficiency.

OrganizationandDevelopment:

Introduction:

（P1-4）thesecretoftheincredibleenergyandefficiency;

Body:

（P5-18）anarrationofhisexperienceonacertainMonday.

Conclusion:

（P19-20）summary:

Iwillsoonrunoutofthingstodo.

Or:

Partone:

（paras.1-4）Introduction:

ThesecretofmyincredibleenergyandefficiencyingettingworkdoneisthatIhavebasedisverydeliberatelyonawell-knownpsychologicalprinciple.

Parttwo:

 （paras.5-18）HowdidIgetallmythingsdone.

   Para4thepsychologicalprinciple

   Para5fivetaskstobedone.

   Para6haveasleeptostoreuphealthandstrengthfortheprospectivehardwork

   Para7makeaschedulewhileinbed

   Para8gettingupandhaveagoodmealfortheheavytask.

   Para9setdowntoprepareforworkingatthearticle

   Para10distractedbyapileofmagazinesartfullyplacedonanearbytablebeforehand.

   Para11stillrememberingthearticle

   Para12gobacktothearticlewhenfinishingtheclipping

   Para13writethetitleandmisspellonewordandisdistractedbytheletters

   Para14althoughIhatetowriteletters,comparedwithwritingthearticle,writinglettersiseasiertodo.Finishletterswritingfirst.

   Para15thenextday,continuewiththearticlewriting,thetitlechosen,butnomaterials

    Para16havetoreadsomebooks,butbookshelfhastoputup

    Para17gotobuysomenails,ahammerandsomesortofbracketsforputtingupthebookshelf,andhaveahaircutonthewayback

    Para18bookshelfhasbeenputup,nobooksaboutthetopic,leaveittomorrow

PartThree:

（paras.18-19）InthiswayIhavefinishedseveraltasksaheadoftime,anywayIwillhavetodealwiththeheaviesttaskwhentheothertaskshavebeencarriedout.

ComprehensionQuestions:

1）Whatisthepsychologicalprincipletheauthoradheresto?

Howdoyourinterpretit?

（P4）“Anyonecandoanyamountofwork,provideditisn’ttheworkheissupposedtobedoingatthemoment.”Thismaysoundabitparadoxical.Ontheonehand,itcouldserveasagoodexcuseforprocrastination---Idon’thavetodowhatI’mscheduledtodo;somehowwhatissupposedtogetdonewillbedone;ontheotherhand,thereseemstobesometruthinit---justkeeponworkinganddonotmindtheschedule;soonerorlateryourwillgetdonewhatyouaresupposedtogetdone.

2）Ofthefivethingstheauthorwassupposeddobeforetheendoftheweek,whichdoyouthinkisthemostimportantone?

Howdidhelistthesefivetasks?

Thewritingofthenewspaperarticle.Itisthemostimportant,butalsothemostlaborioustask,anditisplacedlastonthelist.Heknewthatevenifhehadplacedthisoneontopofallothers,hewouldstillhavegotthisdonelast.Theotherfourtasksareeithermoreinterestingorlesslaboriousthanthisone.

3）HowmanytimeshasBenchleymadementionofhisconscienceinthearticle?

Andforwhatpurpose?

Twice.（P14）“…domuchtosalvemyconscience.”（P16）“…withaperfectlyclearconscience...”.Hispurposeistotellhisreadersthathedidknowwhatheshouldbedoingatthatmoment,andhefeltguiltyfornotdoingthat,butthesenseofguiltwasdulledbyaseeminglygoodreason.Thisisthekindofmentalitytypicalofprocrastinators.

4）Apartfromputtingoffwritingthenewspaperarticle,whatotherevidencecanwefindthatBenchleyisdisposedtoprocrastinate?

Thearticlewaswrittenin1930,butsomeoftheunansweredlettersdatedfrom1928.

5）Howwasthewritingofthenewspaperarticleprocrastinatedagainandagainonthatday?

Cf:

（para.6-）twodayspassedandhehaddonefourofthefivethings,butnotthearticle.

6）HowdoesBenchleymockathimselfandotherprocrastinators?

Theyalwayshaveagoodreasonfornotdoingwhattheyaresupposedtodo.Mindtheydonotstandidle;instead,theyalwayshavesomethingtodoandalwaysgetsomethingdone,too.

7）Whatistheauthor’stoneforparagraph19?

Happy,content,triumphant,justified

8）Howdoyouunderstandtheconcludingparagraphofthearticle?

Averyhumorousending.Heseemstobeworriedthatheisgoingattoofastarateandthathewillhavenomorethingstodoexceptthewritingofthearticle.

9）Trytofindexamplesofnonsequitur（根据前提得出的）推断,推理,结论humorinP.1,3,6,&11.

---P.1:

…askedmehowImanagetogetsomuchworkdoneandstillkeeplookingsodissipated.

P.3:

…haverefineditsothatitisnowalmosttoorefined.Ishallhavetobegincoarseningitupagainprettysoon.

P.6:

Withthesefivetasksstaringmeintheface…thatgorightbacktobedassoonasIhavehadbreakfast…

P.11:

…buttolearnthatithaseyesinthemisadiscoverysoastoundingthatIamhardlyabletocutoutthepicture.

DifficultSentencesforparaphrasing

1）“Allworkandallplay,”theysay.（L.10）

PeopleassumethatIamageniusinthatIknowhowtoworkhardandhowtotoenjoymyselfatthesametime.

2）Thepsychologicalprincipleisthis:

anyonecandoanyamountofwork,provideditisn’ttheworkheissupposedtobedoingatthemoment.（L.15-16）

Accordingtoapsychologicaltheory,amanwhointendstoavoidthethinghehastodowouldbemorethanwillingtoengagehimselfinathousandotherthingshedoesnothavetodo.

3）IfeelthattheleastthatIcandoistotreatmybodyrightwhenithastosupplyfuelforaninsatiable不知足的,贪求无厌的mindlikemine.（L.27-28）

IbelievethatIshouldnotallowmyselftobecrueltomyownhealth,becauseaphysicallysoundbodyisvitalforanever-thinkingmanlikeme.

4）Weworkersmustkeepcoolandcalm,otherwisewewouldjustthrowawayourtimeinjumpingaboutandfidgeting.（L43-45）

Ifwearenotabletofaceaproblemcalmly,wearesimplywastingourtime,rushingabout,andaccomplishingnothing.

5）Now,ifthereisonethingthatIhatetodo（andthereis,youmaybesure）itistowriteletters.

IfthereisanythingIdislikedoing,andtherecertainlyis,itisansweringcorrespondence.

DifficultSentencesforTranslation（E-C）:

1）Itishardwork,though,andmanyaweakerspiritwouldgiveituphalf-done,butwhenthereissomethingelseof“moreimportance”tobefinished（yousee,Istillkeepupthedeception,lettingmyselfgoonthinkingthatthenewspaperarticleisofmoreimportance）noworkistoohardortoooneroustokeeponebusy.（L.62-66）

2）Muchasitdisturbsmetoputofftheactualstartofthearticle,IfeltthatIamdoingonlywhatisinlineofmydutytoputonmyhatandgoouttobuynailsandbrackets.

Or:

a）Ihavebaseditverydeliberatelyonawell-knownpsychologicalprincipleandhaverefineditsothatitisnowalmosttoorefined.

b）Ishallhavetobegincoarseningitupagainprettysoon.

c）Anyonecandoanyamountofwork,provideditisn’ttheworkheissupposedtobedoingatthatmoment.

d）IfeelthattheleastthatIcandoistotreatmybodyrightwhenithastosupplyfuelforaninsatiablemindlikemine.

e）Weworkersmustkeepcoolandcalm,otherwisewewouldjustthrowawayourtimeinjumpingaboutandfidgeting.

KeyWordsandExpressions:

1）Dissipatedl.2---Intemperateinthepursuitofpleasure;dissolute.

放荡的，浪荡的：

无节制地追寻欢乐；浪荡的

2）Rotogravurel.7---照相凹版,轮转影印

3）Expenditurel.25---exertion,usingup支出,花费

4）Glutinousl.42---sticky

5）Fidgetl.45---moveoractrestlesslyornervously坐立不安,烦躁,慌张,（（不安地或心不在焉地）弄,玩弄

6）Onerousl.66---difficult,burdensome,troublesome

7）Grindl.69---drearymonotonousroutine

8）Epistolaryl.87---relatingtoletterwriting

9）getintotheswingofl.78-79---becomeveryinvolvedinsomethingandenjoydoingit

10）salvel.87---soothe,relieve,makelesspainful

11）Dynamol.91---发电机

12）Avowedl.97---self-declared自认的,公开宣布的

13）Bracketl.108---墙上凸出的托架,括弧,支架v.括在一起

14）toone’schagrin（懊恼,气愤,委屈）l.113-114---toone’sannoyanceanddisappointment,causedbyfailureorunfulfilledhopes.

a）dissipated:

spendingtoomuchtimeenjoyingphysicalpleasuresuchasdrinkingalcoholinawaythatisharmful

 b）storeup:

accumulate

 c）makebelieve:

pretendorimaginethesth.istruewhenitisnot

 d）practiceadeceptiononsb.:

deceive

 e）getintotheswingof:

becomeveryinvolvedinsth.andenjoydoingit;adapttoaroutine,etc

 f）toone’schagrin:

toone’sannoyanceanddisappointment,causedbyfailureorunfulfilledhopes

Keylanguagepoints

  a）ridingtohounds—goingfox-huntingonhorseback

 b）withthesefivetasksstaringmeinface—withthesefivetaskstodoneimmediatelyorurgently.“staresomeoneintheface”means“betooobvioustomiss”.

 c）Iamupwithoneoftheolderandmoresluggishlarks—Igetupratherlate.Thephrase“upwiththelark”means“togetoutofbedveryearlyinthemorning”.