新世纪综合英语B4U3.docx
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新世纪综合英语B4U3
Unit3Book4
TheRainbowofKnowledge
1.DifficultSentences
1）（LL.1~2）Formorethan¾ofmylife—39ofmy50years—I’veeitherstudiedortaughtinaschooloracollegeinNewYork.
Whatmightpeoplethinkoftheauthorsincehehasspentmorethan¾ofhislifeeitherstudyingorteaching?
（=Peoplemightthinkthattheauthorwouldknowmorethantheaverageperson,andthathewouldfeelconfidentinhisknowledgeandunderstandingoflife.）
TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.
（=我这辈子四分之三以上的时间（50年中有39年）是在纽约的中小学或大学里度过的，不是在上学，就是在教学。
）
2）（LL.3~6）Youmightthink,then,thatafterallthistimeI’dhavesomegraspofthesituation,thatI’dactuallyknowthings—thatI’dhavesomepositivesenseofassurance,ofcertainty,aboutknowledgeandaboutlife.
Whydoestheauthorusethemodalverb“might”here?
（=Themodalverb“might”hereisusedtoshowthatitispossiblethatsomeonemaythinkthisway,buttheauthorisnotquitesureaboutit.）
Howdoyouunderstandthepart“I’dhavesomepositivesenseofassurance,ofcertainty,aboutknowledgeandaboutlife”?
（=I’dhavefullconfidenceintermsofunderstandingknowledgeandlife.）
3）（LL.8~9）TosaythatthemoreIknow,themoreIknowIdon’tknowis,ofcourse,contradictory.
Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthestatement“themoreIknow,themoreIknowIdon’tknow”?
（=Hethinksitisaself-contradictorystatement—aparadox.）
Haveyoueverfelt“themoreIknow,themoreIknowIdon’tknow”?
Pleaseciteyourpersonalexperiencestoillustrateyourpoint.
（=Open-ended.）
4）（LL.19~22）Asitgrows,sodoesitscircumference.Andifthatgrowingblacknessrepresentsknowledge,thenasitgrows,sodoestheawarenessofwhatremainsunknown.
Asone’sknowledgegrows,whatwillhappentohimaccordingtotheauthor?
（=Accordingtotheauthor,asone’sknowledgegrows,hisawarenessofwhathestilldoesn’tknowincreases,too.Inotherwords,themoreheknows,themoreheknowshedoesn’tknow.）
TranslatethispartintoChinese.
（=随着它的扩大，它的周缘也跟着扩大。
如果那个正在增大的黑色部分代表你的知识的话，在知识增长的同时，你会意识到自己有许多不知道的东西。
）
5）（LL.30~32）Likewise,whenIluckedintoanopportunitytoteachfilmanalysis,Ifoundmyselfdazzledatthesheernumberofbooksdevotedtothesubject.
Howdidtheauthorfeelatthattime?
（=Hefeltsurprised.）
Whydidhehavethatfeeling?
（=Becausethereweresomanybookspublishedonthesubjectoffilmanalysis.）
6）（LL.36~37）Butyouquicklyfindthatyourreading,ratherthanansweringquestions,onlycreatesmoreofthem.
Whatdoesreadingoftenleadtoaccordingtotheauthor?
（=Accordingtotheauthor,readingoftenleadstomorequestions,ratherthananswerstothequestionsthatonehascomeacross.）
Doyoubelievethattryingtoanswerquestionsinvolvesmorereading?
Why?
（=Open-ended.）
7）（LL.52~53）Forme,however,it’sjusttheopposite.Writingdoesn’tclosethingsoff—itopensthingsup.
Howtoexplainthetwoexpressions“close…off”and“open…up”?
（=“Close…off”meanstoseparatesomethingorsomeplacefromtheareaarounditsothatpeoplecannotgothereoruseit.“Open…up”meanstomakepossiblethedevelopmentofsomething.）
Whatisthesignificanceofwritingaccordingtotheauthor?
（=Accordingtotheauthor,writingleadshimtoabettergraspofwhathereads.Writingisnottheconclusionofwhatheknows,butareflectionofwhathetriestounderstand,whichmayleadtomorequestionsonthesubjecthewritesabout.）
8）（LL.54~55）Foralongtime,I,asawriter,wasparalyzedbythisparadox—themoreIknow,themoreIknowIdon’tknow.
Paraphrasethepart“I,…,wasparalyzedbytheparadox…”.
（=…thecontradictorystatementmademefeeluncertainandconfused…）
Whydoestheauthorsaythatforalongtimehewas“paralyzed”bytheparadox:
“themoreIknow,themoreIknowIdon’tknow”?
（=Foralongtime,theauthorfeltconfusedwiththeself-contradictorystatement“themoreIknow,themoreIknowIdon’tknow.”Hewasnotsurewhetherheshouldwriteornot.Andevenifhedidwrite,hewasuncertainwhetherhewasqualifiedtodoso.Healwaysfelthehadtoknowmorefirst.）
9）（LL.62~64）Ithinkofmyworknotasarticlesorascolumnsbutasessays—awordfromFrench,meaning“totry”.
Howistheword“essay”differentfrom“article”or“column”?
（=Theword“essay”comesfromFrench,meaning“totry”.）
Whydoestheauthorregardthearticlesandcolumnshehasproducedas“essays”?
（=Bycallinghisarticlesandcolumns“essays”,theauthoremphasizesthat,forhim,theprocessofwritingismerelyaprocessofTRYINGtoknowmoreortoacquiremoreknowledge.Inotherwords,hewritesinordertofindoutthetruthaboutsomethingratherthansimplyshowingtothepublicwhathealreadyknows.）
10）（LL.78~79）Aninfinitequestisnotahopelessone.
Whatdoestheauthorimplybysaying“Aninfinitequestisnotahopelessone”?
（=Bysayingso,theauthorimpliesthatknowledgeisinfiniteandthepursuitofknowledgeisanendlessprocessoflearning,butifwekeeptrying,wewillsurelyacquiremoreknowledgeandgainmorewisdomeventhoughwemayfeelallthetimethatourknowledgeisalwayslimited.）
TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.
（=永无止境的探索并非毫无希望。
）
2.WordsandExpressions
1）（L.11）lookinto:
examinethemeaningorcausesof;investigate
委员会收到了投诉，正在调查。
（=Thecommitteehavereceivedthecomplaint,andthey’relookingintoit.）
*Thepolicelookedintohisbusinessdealingsandfoundsomethingsuspicious.
2）（LL.11~12）inaway:
tosomeextent
*Ilikethenewstyles,inaway.
*Inawaywealltendtorememberthegoodtimesandforgetthebad.
（Directions:
）MatchtheEnglishexpressionwithitscorresponding
Chinesetranslation.
bywayof挡道地
onone’sway不怕麻烦地
gooutoftheway通过，经由
intheway在来、去或旅行的过程中
outoftheway不挡道
Key:
bywayof挡道地
onone’sway不怕麻烦地
gooutoftheway通过，经由
intheway在来、去或旅行的过程中
outoftheway不挡道
3）（L.16）interface:
n.
1.asurfaceformingacommonboundarybetweenadjacentregions,
bodies,substances,orphases
人机界面
（=theman-machineinterface）
2.apointatwhichindependentsystemsordiversegroupsinteract
*JackKrollsaid:
“Muchoftherealityistobefoundintheinterfacebetweencrimeandpolitics.”
*theinterfacebetweentechnologyanddesign
NB:
interface常与between连用。
4）（L.19）consume:
vt.
1.useup（time,money,goods,etc.）
*Arguingaboutdetailsconsumedmanyhoursofthecommittee’svaluabletime.
*Thecarconsumesalotoffuel.
2.destroy
*Thefirequicklyconsumedthewoodenhut.
（＝火焰很快吞噬了那所小木屋。
）
*abodyconsumedbycancer
3.[oftenpass.]absorb,engross
*Shewasconsumedwithguilt.
妒忌得不得了
（=consumedwithjealousy）
NB:
该词的名词形式为consumption。
5）（L.22）remain:
v.
1.continuetobe（inaunchangedstate）
*Heremainedaprisonerfortherestofhislife.
*Thesituationremainsunchanged.
2.stayorbeleftbehindafterothershavegone,beenlost,etc.
*Littleoftheoriginalarchitectureremains.
*Theonlyremainingquestioniswhetherornotwecanraisethemoney.
cf.continue,last&remain
这三个词都是动词，都有“继续存在、经受住”之意。
continue为中性词，且不带任何感情色彩，指从开始到结束之间的任何延伸过程。
例如：
*ShallIcontinueorstophere?
我是继续（讲）下去，还是就此打住？
last即“持续、经受住”之意，特指某事物继续存在或者最为普遍意义上的时间持续。
例如：
*Sheisfondofperfumewiththescentthatlastsalongtime.她喜欢芳香味长留不散的香水。
remain指人或物移去、分离或毁坏后仍留在原地。
例如：
*Littleofthebuildingremainedaftertheexplosion.爆炸后，该建筑物所剩无几。
6）（L.25）quest:
n.
1.alontsearch
*thequestforknowledge
（＝寻求知识）
*thecontinuingquestforacureforthedisease
2.anattempttofindsomething
*Theytraveledinquestofgold.
*Shehadcomeinquestofadvice.
7）（L.30）likewise:
ad.
1.inthesameway,similarly
*Thestockbrokerboughtsharesinthecompanyandadvisedhis
clientstodolikewise.
—“很高兴认识你。
”—“我也是。
”
（=–“I’mverypleasedtomeetyou.”–“Likewise.”）
2.also
*Thefoodwasexcellent,likewisethewine.
*Youmustpackplentyoffood.Likewise,you’llneedwarmclothes,sopackthemtoo.
cf.likewise,besides&furthermore
这三个词都是副词，都有“也、而且”之意。
Likewise较正式，它所表示的“也”具有比较明确的含义。
Besides所指的“而且”起到加强前述内容的作用。
furthermore最正式，多用于在一系列的同等成分的句子中，而且前面可以用besides。
（Directions:
）Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.
1.Thehouseistoosmall,and_______,it’stoofarfromthecity.（=furthermore）
2.Watchhimanddo______.（=likewise）
3.Forthisjobyouneedalotofpatience;______youneedasenseofhumor.（=likewise）
4.Idon’tlikethoseshoes;______,itisbeginningtorain.（=besides）
5.Theycannotdoit,and______,nooneelseappearstowanttodoiteither.（=furthermore）
6.It’stoolatetogoforawalknow;______,itisbeginningtorain.（=besides）
8）（L.30）luck:
1.vi.gainsuccessorsomethingdesirablebychance
*luckintoagoodapartment
*luckoutinfindingthatrarebook
（＝凭运气发现那本珍贵的书）
2.n.
1）thechancehappeningoffortunateoradverseevents;fortune
碰巧
（=asluckwouldhaveit）
*HereachedthefoodbeforeIdid,worseluck!
2）successorsomethinggoodthathappensasaresultofchance,goodfortune
*Shewon$500inthelottery;somepeoplehavealltheluck.
*I’msorryyoudidn’tpassyourdrivingtest—betterlucknexttime!
Collocations:
tryone’sluck碰碰运气
abitofluck走运
inluck运气好
outofluck运气不好
9）（L.31）sheer:
a.
1.pure;unmixedwithanythingelse;nothingbut
*Hewonbysheerluck.
*Thesheersizeofthecountrycausestremendouscommunicationsproblems.
2.verysteep;straightupanddown
*asheercliff
10）（L.53）closeoff:
separate（somethingorsomepeople）fromtheareaarounditsothatpeoplecannotgothereoruseit
Whywastheareaclosedofftoalltraffic?
《封锁我一生》
（=CloseoffMyLife）
11）（L.
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