山东大学博士研究生入学英语真题.docx

山东大学博士研究生入学英语真题.docx

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山东大学博士研究生入学英语真题

2013年山东大学博士研究生入学考试英语真题

PartIGrammarandVocabulary

1.Thediscussionwassoprolongedandexhaustingthatthespeakersstoppedfordeferments.

A.atlargeB.atintervalsC.ateaseD.atrandom

2.Whentraveling,youareadvisedtotaketravelers’checks,whichprovideasecuretocarryingyourmoneyincash.

A.substituteB.selectionC.inferenceD.alternative

3.InevertrustedhimbecauseIalwaysthoughtofhimassuchacharacter.

A.graciousB.suspiciousC.uniqueD.particular

4.Changingfromsolidtoliquid,watertakesinheatfromallsubstancesnearit,andthisproducesartificialcoldsurroundingit.

A.absorptionB.transitionC.consumptionD.interaction

5.Language,culture,andpersonalitymaybeconsideredofeachotherinthought,buttheyareinseparableinfact.

A.IndistinctlyB.separatelyC.irrelevantlyD.independently

6.ChristmasisaChristianholydayusuallycelebratedonDecember25ththebirthofJesusChrist.

A.inaccordancewithB.intermsofC.infavorofD.inhonorof

7.Tosurviveintheintensetradecompetitionbetweencountries,wemustthequalitiesandvarietiesofproductswemaketotheworldmarketdemand.

A.improveB.enhanceC.guaranteeD.gear

8.Togiveyouageneralideaofourproducts,weenclosethecataloguesshowingvariousproductshandledbyuswithdetailedandmeansofpacking.

A.specimensB.inspectionsC.samplesD.specifications

9.Manyoftheconditionsthatpopulationpressures---overcrowding,unemployment,poverty,hungerandillness---leadtodissatisfaction.

A.bringforwardB.giverisetoC.feedupwithD.resultfrom

10.Arrivinganywherewiththesepossessions,hemightjustaseasilyforamonthorayearasforasingleday.

A.putupB.stayupC.speedupD.makeup

11.Thefactthattheearth’ssurfaceheatsprovidesaconvenientwaytodivideitintotemperatureregion.

A.infrequentlyB.irregularlyC.unsteadilyD.uneverny

12.Ifacatcomestooclosetoitsnest,themockingbirdasetofactionstoprotectitsoffspring.

A.hastensB.releasesC.devisesD.initiates

13.Howlargeaproportionofthesalesofstoresinornearresortareascanbetotouristspending?

A.attributedB.appliedC.contributedD.attached

14.Knowledgeisacomfortableandnecessaryretreatandforusinanadvancedage;andifwedonotplantitwhileyoung,itwillgiveusnoshadewhenwegrowold.

A.ingredientB.relianceC.shelterD.inclination

15.SomepeoplewouldliketodoshoppingonSundayssincetheyexpecttowonderfulbargainsinthemarket.

A.pickupB.bumpintoC.pileupD.bringback

16.Scientistsaresearchingfortheoldesttreebecauseitcanteachthemagreatdealaboutmanyissuesrelatedwithclimatechange.

A.livelyB.aliveC.livingD.live

17.ThedestructionoftheTwinTowersinNewYorkCityshockandangerthroughouttheworld.

A.temptedB.provokedC.summonedD.enveloped

18.A1994WorldBankreportconcludedthatgirlsinschoolwasprobablythesinglemosteffectiveanti-povertypolicyinthedevelopingworldtoday.

A.enrollingB.assigningC.involvingD.consenting

19.TheUNofficialsaidaidprogramswillbeuntilthereisadequateprotectionforreliefpersonnel.

A.multipliedB.arrestedC.spannedD.suspended

20.Despitealmostuniversalofthevitalimportanceofwomen’sliteracy,educationremainsadreamformanywomeninfartoomanycountriesoftheworld.

A.confessionB.identificationC.acknowledgementD.compliment

21.Sincetheislandsoilhasbeenbarrenforsomanyyears,thenativesmustnowmuchoftheirfood.

A.deliverB.importC.produceD.develop

22.BecauseJenkinsneithernordefendseithermanagementorthestrikingworkers,bothaidesadmirehisjournalistic

A.criticizes...acumenB.attacks…neutrality

C.confronts…aptitudeD.dismisses…flair

23.Someanthropologistsclaimthatafewapshavebeentaughtarudimentarysignlanguages,butskepticsarguethattheapesareonlytheirtrainers.

A.imitatingB.condoningC.instructingD.acknowledging

24.Itisironicthattheinsightsofthegreatthinkersarevoicedsooftenthattheyhavebecomemere

A.oriinal…clichesB.banal…beliefs

C.dubious…habitsD.philosophical-questions

25.Themostfrustratingperiodsofanydietaretheinevitable,whenweightlossifnotstops.

A.moods…acceleratesB.feasts…halts

C.holidays…contractsD.plateaus…slows

26.Sincetheauthor’sunflatteringreferencestoherfriendswereso,shewassurprisedthatherwererecognized.

A.laudatory…stylesB.obvious…anecdotes

C.oblique…allusionsD.critical…eulogies

27.Ifitistruethatmoralitycannotexistwithoutreligion,thendoesnottheerosionofreligionheraldtheofmoraliy?

A,regulationB.basisC.beliefD.collapse

28.Certainanimalbehaviors,suchasmatingrituals,seemtobe,andthereforeexternalfactorssuchasclimatechanges,foodsupply,orthepresenceofotheranimalsofthesamespecies.

A.learned…immunetoB.innate…unaffectedby

C.intricate…belongtoD.specific…confusedwith

29.Shakenbytwodecadesofvirtualanarchy,themajorityofpeoplewerereadytobuyatanyprice.

A.orderB.emancipationC.hopeD.liberty

30.Asapersonwhocombinescarewith,Marisacompletedherdutieswithaswellaszeal.

A.levity…resignationB.enthusiasm…meticulousness

C.vitality…willingnessD.empathy…rigor

PartⅡClose

Thestudyofgeneticshasgivenrisetoaprofitablenewindustrycalledbiotechnology.Asthename__31__,itcombinesbiologyandmoderntechnologythroughsuch__32__asgeneticengineering.Someofthenewbiotechcompanies,  astheyarecalled,__33__inagricultureandareworkingenthusiasticallytopatent（取得专利）seedsthatgiveahighyield（产量）,that  __34__disease,droughtandfrost,andthatreducetheneedfordangerouschemicals.__35__suchgoalscouldbeachieved,itwouldbemostbeneficial.Butsomehaveraised__36__aboutgeneticallyengineeredcrops.

    "Innature,geneticdiversity（多样性）iscreatedwithincertainlimits,"  says  the  book  Genetic  Engineering,  Food  and  OurEnvironment."Arosecanbecrossed（杂交）withadifferentkindofrose,  but  alose  will  __37__crosswithapotato..."  Geneticengineering,ontheotherhand,usuallyinvolvestakinggenesfromonespeciesandinsertingthemintoanotherinanattemptto__38__adesiredpropertyorcharacter.Thiscouldmean,__39__,selectingagenewhichleadstotheproductionofachemicalwithantifreezepropertiesfromanarcticfish,andjoiningitintoapotatoorstrawberrytomakeitfrost-resistant.Itisnowpossibleforplantstobeengineeredwithgenes__40__frombacteria,viruses,insects,animalsorevenhumans.__41__,then,biotechnologyallowshumanstobreakthegeneticwallsthat__42__species.

    Likethegreenrevolution,（43）whatsomecallthegenerevolution（44）contributestotheproblemofgeneticuniformity（千篇一律）–somesayevenmoreso（45）becausegeneticistscanemploytechniquessuch（46）ascloningandorganculture,processesthatproduceperfectly（47）identicalcopies,orclones.  Concerns  aboutthebiodiversity,therefore,remain.Geneticallyalteredplants,however,raisenew（48）issues,suchastheeffectsthattheymayhaveonusandtheenvironment.“Weareflyingblindlyintoanew（49）ofagriculturalbiotechnologywithhighhopes,fewconstraints,andlittleideaofthepotensial（50）,”saidsciencewriterJeremyRifkin.

31.A.suggests    B.recalls    C.concerns      D.advises

32.A.concepts    B.views      C.techniques    D.courses

33.A.participate    B.focus      C.specialize    D.involve

34.A.treat      B.avoid      C.oppose      D.resist

35.A.If        B.Unless    C.Since        D.As

36.A.demands    B.topics      C.concerns    D.lessons

37.A.sometimes    B.never      C.frequently    D.eventually

38.A.convey      B.transfer    C.select     D.collect

39.A.forexample  B.foronething  C.ononehand D.inanycase

40.A.resulted    B.evolved    C.injected      D.taken

41.A.Incontrast    B.Inthat      C.Incase      D.Inessence

42.A.separate    B.form      C.create      D.vary

43.A.what      B.where      C.as      D.so

44.A.combines    B.contributes  C.commands   D.breaks

45.A.that       B.because    C.if      D.when

46.A.likeB.forexampleC.asD.is

47.A.resemblingB.alikeC.similarD.identical

48.A.issuesB.heightC.difficultiesD.goals

49.A.spotB.eraC.deadlineD.scheme

50.A.navigationsB.mysteryC.outcomesD.destinations

PartⅢReadingComprehension

Passage1

TheCarnegieFoundationreportsaysthatmanycollegeshavetriedtobe“allthingstoallpeople”.Indoingso,theyhaveincreasinglycateredtoanarrowmindedcareerismwhilefailingtocultivateaglobalvisionamongtheirstudents.Thecurrentcrisis,itcontends,doesnotderivefromalegitimatedesiretoputlearningtoproductiveends.Theproblemisthatintoomanyacademicfields,theworkhasnocontext;skills,ratherthanbeingmeans,havebecomeends.Studentsareofferedavarietyofoptionsandallowedtopicktheirwaytoadegree.Inshort,drivenbycareerism,“thenation’scollegesanduniversitiesaremoresuccessfulinprovidingcredentials（文凭）thaninprovidingaqualityeducationfortheirstudents.“Thereportconcludesthatthespecialchallengeconfrontingtheundergraduatecollegeisoneofshapinganintegratedcoreofcommonlearning.Suchacorewouldintroducestudentstoessentialknowledge,toconnectionsac