被动语态的几种特殊用法.docx
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被动语态的几种特殊用法
被动语态的几种特殊用法
（1）主动形式表示被动意义
1）常见的这类动词有：
“act，addup，clean，compare，count，cook，draw，fill，iron，keep，let，look，makeup，milk，kill，open，photograph，prove，read，sell，smoke，spoil”等。
Thewindowwon’topen．（这扇窗户打不开。
）
Thecowmilkswell．（这头牛出奶率很高。
）
Dampwoodwillnotfire．（湿木不易燃烧。
）
Shedoesn’tphotographwell．（她不上相。
）
Hisjudgmentprovedwrong．（他的判断是错的。
）
Thebananapeelseasily．（香蕉皮剥起来很容易。
）
Flieskilleasilyinautumn．（秋天苍蝇容易死亡。
）
Itturnedoutfinethatday．（结果那天天气很好。
）
Howdidhiscoatcatchonanail?
（他的衣服怎么钩到钉子上了?
）
2）实用动词“need／want／deserve／require+V-ing（动名词）”形式表示被动意义。
Myhairneedscutting。
．
Thebikewantsrepairing．
Itdoesn’tdeservementioning．
Hamletisrequiredreadingforthecourse．（《哈姆雷特》为本课程指定读物。
）
3）一些固定句型如：
"beworthdoingsth．have/getsth．（sb.）done"，以及tobeunder（in）+抽象名词等表示被动意义：
BeijingisabigcityinChinaandworthvisiting．（北京是中国的一个大城市，值得浏览。
）
Mr.．Wilsonhadhiswalletstolenthedaybeforeyesterday．（威尔逊先生前天丢了一个钱包）。
Thebikeisunder（in）repair．（自行车正在修理中。
）
Thistaperecorderisinuse．（这种录音机正在使用中。
）
4）一些不定式的主动态表示被动意义：
①Therebe句型：
Therearealotofthingstodo．
Thereisnothingtoworryabout．
②不定式修饰want,have等动词的宾语，而句中的主语同时又不是不定式的逻辑主语时：
Iwantsomeclothestowash．
Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?
③不定式修饰buy，get，give等动词的直接宾语，而句中的间接宾语又是不定式的逻辑主语时：
Hissistergavehimabiketoride．
Myfathergetmeabooktoread．
5）少数动词的进行时，有时表示被动意义：
Herworksareprinting．
Thedrumisbeating．
Mynewhouseisbuilding．
（2）“Itis+V-ed+that-?
?
"结构表示被动
常用的这类结构有：
“itissaidthat…”（据说）；Itissupposedthat…（据推测）；Itiswellknownthat"…（众所周知）；Itisbelievedthat"…（据信）；Itisreportedthat"…（据报导）；Itishopedthat"…（人们希望）；Itisgenerallyconsideredthat"…（有人认为）；1twillbeseenthat"…（由此可以看出）；Itmustbeadmittedthat…（必须承认）；Itmustbepointedoutthat…（必须指出）”等。
Itisbelieved／thoughtthatthismedicineworkswell．
Itisrequired（of）himthathegivetheevidence．（要求我提供证据）
Itisfearedthathecouldnotcomehere．
ItisestimatedthataflighttoShanghaiwouldtakemorethanonehour．
ItisoftenrealizedthatwomenheldahighsocialpositionintheSouthernEuropeansocietiesinthe10thandllthcenturies．
（3）“get+p.p.（动词的过去分词）"表示被动：
这种结构往往用来强调动作的结果，也可用来表示突然发生的事态，或最终出现的某种事实，是一种非正式语体。
Didthequestiongetanswered?
ABoeing747g
otcrashedlastweek．
Thehouseisgettingpainted／repaired．
Thebuildinggotdamagedintheflood．
Thousandsofsoldiersgotkilledinthewar．
AsIpassedby,mycoatgotcaughtonanail．
[注]在下列句子中，不能使用“get+p.p.（动词的过去分词）”结构。
误：
Hegotbornin1976．
正：
Hewasbornin1976．
误：
Thestowgotwrittenbyhim．
正：
ThestoryWaswrit．tenbyhim．
误：
TheconferencegotbeingheldinLondon．
正：
TheconferenceisbeingheldinLondon．
（4）注意以下被动语态的几种情况
1）短语动词变为被动语态后，其后的介词或副词应紧随其后。
Frankwasbroughtupbyhisaunt．
Thebabiesarewelllookedafter．
ThemeetingWasputoff．
ThesalesmanwasputoutbyMr.．Wilson’squestion．
（威尔逊先生的问题把那位售货员惹火了。
）
2）“Verb+宾语+宾补”变为被动语态后，宾语转化为主语，宾补转化为主补。
ThewallWaspaintedwhite．（Wepaintedthewal1white．）
Heisregardedassmart（Weregardedhimassmart．）
Thehousewasfoundempty．（Wefoundthehouseempty．）
HeWasheardtoplaytheguitarinthenextdoor．
（Iheardhimplaytheguitarinthenextdoor
选择题
1._anewlibrary_inourschoollastyear?
A.Is;builtB.Was;bulitC.Does;buildD.Did;build
2.Anaccident_onthisroadlastweek.
A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened
3.Cotton_inthesoutheastofChina.
A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow
4.Sofar,themoon_bymanalready.
A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited
5.AtalkonChinesehistory_inthschoolhallnextweek.
A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives
6.Howmanytrees_thisyear?
A.areplantedB.willplantC.havebeenplantedD.planted
7.Alotofthings_bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.
A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone
8.Neitherofthem_inChina.
A.ismadeB.aremadeC.weremadeD.made
9.Look!
Anicepicture_forourteacher.
A.isdrawingB.isbeingdrawnC.hasbeendrawnD.draws
10.Yourshoes_.Youneedanewpair.
A.wearoutB.wornoutC.arewornoutD.isworn
11.Thedoctor_foryet.
A.isn'tsentB.hasn'tbeensentC.won'tbesentD.wasn'tsent
12.--When_thiskindofcomputers_?
--Lastyear.
A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used
13.TheGreatWall_allovertheworld.
A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown
14.I_insummer.
A.bornB.wasbornC.havebeenbornD.amborn
15.HesaysthatMrZhang_tothefactorynextweek.
A.issentB.wouldsendC.wassentD.willbesent
16.Who_thisbook_?
A.did;writtenB.was;writtenbyC.did;writtenD.was;written
17.Mary_showmehernewdictionary.
A.hasaskedtoB.wasaskedtoC.isaskedD.asksto
18.Astory_byGrannyyesterday.
A.wastoldusB.wastoldtousC.istoldusD.toldus
19.Themonkeywasseen_offthetree.
A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump
20.Theschoolbag_behindthechair.
A.putsB.canbeputC.canbeputtedD.canput
21.Olderpeople_well.
A.looksafterB.mustbelookedafterC.mustlookafterD.lookedafter
22.Ourteacher_carefully.
A.shouldbelistenedtoB.shouldbelistenC.belistenedD.islistened.
把句子改写成被动语态1.Theymakemachinesinthatfactory.2.Everybodylikesthissong.3.Hedoesn'tshowthestampstome.4.Peopledon'tgrowriceinthewestofJapan.5.HeoftenhelpsTomwhenTomisintrouble.6.Dotheworkersbuildmanybuildings?
7.DoesKatesometimesbreakglasses?
8.DoyoualwayssendalettertoMrHu?
9.Whatdoestheteacheroftentelltheboystodo?
10.Howmanydesksdotheybuyeveryterm?
11.Theysoldthatkindofshoesinthisshoplastweek.12.Grannytoldusastorylastnight.13.Hedidn'tgivethedictionarytomeyesterday.14.Hedidn'tbuyanythingtherebeforeheleft.15.Didhecleantheblackboardjustnow?
16.Whendidshecooksupperyesterday?
17.Wheredidshemakethem?
18.Whoserulerdidyou
（）45Thebrokenbike____herebyMrSmith.
A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemended
（）46Theoldbridgeinmyhometown___nextmonth.
A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willrebuilt‘
C.aregoingtoberebuiltD.aregoingtorebuilt
（）47Theplay___atthetheatrenextSunday.
A.isgoingtobeshownB.willshownC.willshowD.isshown
（）48Theoldstonebridge___nextweek.
A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willberebuild
C.aregoingtoberebuiltD.willrebuild
（）49Nowthesemagazines___inthelibraryforalongtime.
A.havekeptB.arekeepingC.havebeenkeepingD.havebeenkept
（）50Thepot___for___hotwater.
A.used;keepingB.wasused;keepingC.isused;tokeepD.areused;keep
（）51Tea___inthesouthofChina.
A.growsB.isgrownC.weregrownD.willgrow
（）55Thebridges___twoyearsago.WOIt'saHaidiantopproblem
A.isbuiltB.builtC.werebuiltD.wasbuilt
（）56Wetclothesareoften___upnearafireinrainyweather.
A.hangB.hangedC.hangingD.hung
（）57Theriversmellsterrible.Peoplemust___dirtythingsintoit.
A.bestoppedtothrowB.bestoppedfromthrowing
C.stoptothrowD.stopfromthrowing
（）58Theteapot___water.
A.isfilledwithB.filledofC.fullingofD.filled
（）59Oldpeoplemustbelooked^fterwelland___politely.
A.speaktoB.spokenC.speakD.spokento
（）60Oldpeoplemust___.
A.lookafterwellB.belookedwellafter
C.lookedwellafterD.belookedafterwell
（）61Newly-bornbabies___inhospital.
A.aretakengoodcareB.aretakengoodcareof
C.takegoodcareofD.takegoodcare
（）62Theywere___atthesuddennoise.
A.frighteningB.frightenedC.frightenD.frightens
（）63Thesewalls___stone.
A.aremadeofB.madeofC.aremadeintoD.madeinto
（）64Jane___tosingusanAmericansonglastSaturday.
A.calledB.wasaskedC.toldD.wassaid
（）65Thepapers___tothem.
A.wereshownB.showC.shownD.haveshown
（）66Thecoat___hersister.
A.madetoB.weremadeforC.wasmadeforD.wasmadeto
（）67I___fiveminutestodecidewhetherIshouldgoornot.
A.gaveB.wasgivingC.hadgivenD.wasgiven
（）68Goodcare____suchthings.
A.shouldtakeofB.shouldbetakenC.shouldbetakingD.shouldbetakenof
Ourdesksandchairs________________（make）ofwood.Thepaperofbooksandnewspapers______also___________（make）fromwood.Evensomekindsofcloth__________________（make）fromit.Manypeople____________（burn）woodtokeepthemselveswarminwinter.Indeed,wood_______（be）importantinoureverydaylife.
Where________wood__________（come）from?
It________________（take）fromtreeswhich_____________（grow）inthemountains._________you____________（know）howit____________（get）tousfromthemountains?
Firstofall,trees___________（cut）downwhenthey______________（grow）bigenough.Thentheirbranches_______________（cut）off,andlogs_______________（make）.Theseheavylogs________________（put）togetherindifferentwaysand_________________（take）downtothefootofthemountains.Someofthem_________________（float使漂流）downthesmallriversandothers_________________（carry）downontrains.
Bigtrees________________（cut）downinthemountainseveryyear.Thenyoungones______________________（must,plant）sothatwe______always________________（can,have）enoughwood.Wehavetotakegoodcareofmountainssothatthey__________always_________________（may,cover）withgrowingtrees.
1.WhenIgottohisoffice,I__________thathe_________out.
A.told,hadbeenB.wastold,was
C.hadtold,wasD.wastold,hadbeen
2.Thevegetablesdidn’ttasteverygood.They______fortoolong.
A.cookedB.werecooked
C.hadcookedD.hadbeencookedA.told,hadbeen
3.Theanti-Japanesewar______in1937
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