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课时提升作业十一
必修3 Unit1 Festivalsaroundtheworld
(限时35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Teachers’DaydatesbacktotheHanDynasty(206BC-220AD).Accordingtotherecord,duringtheHanandJindynasties,onAugust27eachyear,thebirthdayofConfucius,theemperorwouldgototheConfucius’templeandpaytribute(敬意)totheancientphilosopherfollowedbycourtofficials,andwouldalsoinviteroyalteacherstotheimperialcourtforabanquet.Onthisday,teachersaroundthenationenjoyedaday’svacationandweregivendriedmeatasgifts.
Thecapital,allstatesandcountieswouldalsoholdceremoniestoworshipConfucius.Excellentperformingteacherswouldbechosenfromacademiesandlearninginstitutionsnationwide,reportingtotheroyalcourtandgiven500liang(两)silvercoinsasawards.
UntiltheQingDynasty,theceremony,onAugust27,wasofalargerscale.Theteachers’salariesinschoolsandacademiesaroundthenationwereraised,andwell-performingteacherswouldbeawardedofficialtitlesorpromotedtohigherpositions.
Normally,anancientteacher’sincomeincludedsalary,accommodationandfestivalgifts.Therewasnofixedtuitionfee.Generallytheparentspaidteachersaccordingtotheirhouseholdincome.Bothmoneyandbasicfoodstuffcouldbepaidinexchangefortuition.
Inprivateschools,teachersalwaysreceivedmoneyorgiftsfromthehostfamilyatcertainfestivalsoratthebeginningandendofeachsemester.
Thefestivalsinwhichteachersreceivedgiftsvariedfromregiontoregion,whilethemostvaluedonesweretheDuanwu,Mid-AutumnandChineseNewYearfestivals,aswellasConfucius’birthdayandtheprivatetutor’sbirthday.
Amongallthegift-givingfestivals,thefirstmeetinggiftwasamust.Whenstudentsmettheirprivatetutorsforthefirsttime,theyhadtokneeldowntoConfucius’spirittabletandthentotheirprivatetutors,beforepresentinga“gift”.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍的是中国教师节的历史,包括其由来,最初孔子诞辰就是教师节。
1.Thepassagemainlytalksabout________.
A.theteachersinancientChina
B.theTeachers’DayinancientChina
C.theteachers’highpositionsinancientChina
D.theteachers’salariesinancientChina
【解析】选B。
主旨大意题。
通读全文可知,本文主要介绍的是中国教师节的历史,包括其由来等。
故选B。
2.HowlonghastheTeachers’DaybeeninChina?
A.1,500-2,500years.
B.2,000-3,000years.
C.3,000-4,000years.
D.4,000-5,000years.
【解析】选A。
推理判断题。
根据第一段第一句“Teachers’DaydatesbacktotheHanDynasty(206BC-220AD)”可推断出答案为A。
3.WhatisthespecialgiftfortheteachersontheTeachers’DayduringtheHanandJindynasties?
A.AhigherpositionB.Adayfree
C.500liangsilvercoinsD.Days’vacation
【解析】选B。
细节理解题。
根据第一段最后一句“Onthisday,teachersaroundthenationenjoyedaday’svacationandweregivendriedmeatasgifts”可知,在教师节这一天,全国的教师都可以休假一天,并且得到肉干作为礼物。
【误区警示】根据第二段第二句“Excellentperformingteacherswouldbechosenfromacademiesandlearninginstitutionsnationwide,reportingtotheroyalcourtandgiven500liangsilvercoinsasawards”可知,C项500两的银币是奖给从全国范围内选出的优秀教师的,故C项错误。
根据第三段“UntiltheQingDynasty,theceremony...orpromotedtohigherpositions”可知,A项的高职位是清朝时提供给优秀教师的。
D项与第一段最后一句中的“aday’svacation”不符,故排除。
4.What’sthemainideaofthelastfourparagraphs?
A.WhereteacherscouldgetgiftsinancientChina.
B.WhyteachersgotgiftsinancientChina.
C.HowteacherswerepresentedwithgiftsinancientChina.
D.WhenteachersreceivedgiftsinancientChina.
【解析】选C。
段落大意题。
文章后四段主要介绍了在中国古代教师在哪些时间和场合接收礼物的情况。
故选C。
【知识拓展】词汇积累
1.datebackto 追溯到……,从……开始
2.banquetn.宴会,盛宴
3.worshipv.崇拜,尊崇
4.nationwideadj.&adv.全国范围的,全国性的;在全国
5.accommodationn.住处
6.foodstuffn.食物,食品
7.inexchangefor交换
8.tutorn.家庭教师,私人教师
B
Arecord6.15milliontripsweremadebyChinesemainlandtouriststooverseasdestinationsduringtheseven-daySpringFestivalholiday,whichendedonThursday,accordingtotheChinaNationalTourismAdministration.Thatisanincreaseof7percentcomparedwithlastyear’sSpringFestival.About374,000tripswereorganizedbytravelagencies,a2.5percentincrease.
Theadministrationalsoreportedgrowthfromindividualandhigh-end(高端的)travelersandsaidthatinadditiontotopandcoastalcities,inlandcities—suchasthoseintheGuangxiZhuangautonomousregion—becameimportantsourcemarkets.WithmanyChinesenowtravelingabroadforSpringFestival,theirchoiceofdestinationshasexpandedalongwiththeirgrowinginterestinforeignculturesandservices.
“Chinesetouristsareincreasinglywillingtoexperiencelocalculturesandservices,includingstayinginprivatehomes,appreciatingplantsandwatchingmonkeysinhotsprings,”LiXuejing,theagency’smarketingmanager,said.
AChinesetouristsurnamedGuo,whowasvacationingonanislandinthePhilippines,said:
Inowpaymoreattentiontorelaxationandenjoymentduringtheholidaysinsteadofshoppingorchoosinggiftsforrelatives.
AnotherchoiceisBritain.Thoughthedevaluation(货币贬值)ofthepoundisafactor,Britain’srichhistoryandfamouseducationtraditionhavecaughttheeyeofChinese.
【文章大意】本文主要讲述的是在春节假期中国人选择外出旅游的人数急剧增长。
5.HowmanytripsweremadetoforeigncountriesduringtheGoldenWeekofthisSpringFestivalholiday?
A.6,150,000. B.2,500,000.
C.7,000,000.D.374,000.
【解析】选A。
细节理解题。
根据第一段中“Arecord6.15milliontripsweremadebyChinesemainlandtouriststooverseasdestinationsduringtheseven-daySpringFestivalholiday”可知答案为A。
6.WhatcanwelearnaboutsomeinlandcitiesinGuangxi?
A.They’rereportedtohavebecomeimportantattractions.
B.They’refamousforallkindsofplantsandmonkeys.
C.Theyhavethebesthotspringintheworld.
D.Theybelongtocoastalsourcemarkets.
【解析】选A。
细节理解题。
根据第二段中“inadditiontotopandcoastalcities,inlandcities—suchasthoseintheGuangxiZhuangautonomousregion—becameimportantsourcemarkets.”可知,广西壮族自治区也成了旅游的胜地。
故选A。
7.WhatwouldMissGuodoonhervacationaccordingtothetext?
A.Goshoppingforgifts.B.Studyforeigncultures.
C.Relaxandenjoyherself.D.Chatwithherrelatives.
【解析】选C。
细节理解题。
根据第四段中“Inowpaymoreattentiontorelaxationandenjoymentduringtheholidaysinsteadofshoppingorchoosinggiftsforrelatives.”可知,她现在更注重放松和娱乐。
8.Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?
A.Aguidebook.B.Anewspaper.
C.Ascientificmagazine.D.Anadvertisement.
【解析】选B。
推理判断题。
整篇文章主要报道了中国人在春节期间外出旅游的人数急剧增加,故本文应该是报纸中的一篇文章。
【知识拓展】难句解读
Arecord6.15milliontripsweremadebyChinesemainlandtouriststooverseasdestinationsduringtheseven-daySpringFestivalholiday,whichendedonThursday,accordingtotheChinaNationalTourismAdministration.
翻译:
根据中国国家旅游局的数据,截止至周四在7天的春节假期期间,中国大陆游客赴海外旅游达到了创纪录的615万人次。
分析:
which引导非限制性定语从句,duringtheseven-daySpringFestivalholiday为时间状语。
Ⅱ.阅读填句
(2018·太原模拟)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
TraditionalChineseCulture
Chinesecultureisover5,000yearsold. 1 .
Thespiritoftheteaceremony
XiHuLongJing(WestLakeDragonWell)andYunnanPu’erhavelongbeenworldfamous. 2 .ThespiritoftheChineseteaceremonycapturestheChineseattitudetowardslifeandspirituality.Thesearethethingsthatpeopleallovertheworldcanbenefitfrom.
Ahandfulofgoodtealeaveswithsomeboilingwaterandasetoflovelyteawareistheperfectwaytospendasunnyafternoonandgainsomeinsightintothewisdomofthisancientcivilization.
3
Duringthe5,000yearsofChinesecivilization,manydifferentflavors,styles,andcuisines(烹饪)havedevelopedbasedontraditionalphilosophyandculture.Thisancientfoodculturehashadadirectimpactonthecountries,suchasJapan,Mongolia,SouthKorea,Thailand,andSingapore.IthasbenefitedbillionsofpeoplearoundtheworldthroughsuchinnovationsasChinesevegetarianculture,teaculture,vinegar,pastamedicateddiets,ceramictableware,andtheuseofsoybeansinthediet.
Confucianism
Confucianismhasflourishedduringthelast2,500ofChina’s5,000-yearhistory. 4 .ThisschoolofthoughthashadthemostprofoundandlonglastinginfluenceinChina’shistory.Seventy-fourNobelPrizewinnersandmanyotherhighlyrespectedscholarshavestatedthatforthebenefitofmankind’slivelihoodanddevelopmentintothenextcentury,theseteachingsshouldbepromotedandadoptedworldwide.
5 .
A.Chinesecuisine
B.TraditionalChineseculture
C.Ithasbeenthemainstayofthisancientcivilization
D.Theyareprettypopularduetotheirsuperiorcolorandflavor
E.ThefollowingthreeitemsoftraditionalChineseculturehavehadaworldwideimpact
F.ThiswonderfullyrichfoodculturehasalsohadanimpactonEurope,AmericaandOceania
G.Thiswouldprovidelonglastingbenefitsforman,helpingtoensureapeacefulandhappylife
【文章大意】本文主要介绍的是中国的三项传统文化。
1.【解析】选E。
根据后面所介绍的三项传统文化可知,E项“以下三项中国传统文化在世界范围内产生了影响”起到承上启下的作用。
2.【解析】选D。
前面提到中国的名茶——西湖龙井和云南普洱茶,由此可知D项“他们由于色泽和味道而特别受欢迎”符合语境,代词They就是指这两种名茶。
3.【解析】选A。
下一段主要介绍了中国的传统美食文化,故本句是段落主题句“中国菜”。
故选A。
4.【解析】选C。
根据前面的“儒学在中国的5000年历史上至少蓬勃发展了2500年”可知,C项“它是古代文明的支柱”符合语境。
此处的It是指上文的“Confucianism”。
5.【解析】选G。
根据前面的“forthebenefitofmankind’slivelihoodanddevelopmentintothenextcentury”可知,G项“这将为人类提供持久的利益,有助于确保和平与幸福的生活”符合语境。
Ⅲ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
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DearMrGreen,
I’mwritingtotellyouhowisgoingoninourschool—abasketballmatchtobeholdingnextmonth.ThematchwillbeplayedamongXinhuaMiddleSchoolBasketballTeamando