ToHelen中文翻译评析.docx
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ToHelen中文翻译评析
To-Helen-中文翻译-评析
ToHelen
Helen,thybeautyistome
海伦,你的美貌于我
似远古尼西亚人的帆船,
轻轻飘过芬芳的海面,
让旅途劳顿的游子,
回到他故乡的岸边。
Greece,
AndthegrandeurthatwasRome.
在漂泊已久、波涛汹涌的海上,
你风信子般的头发、古典的脸庞,
和尼厄神般的风采已带我回家乡,
回到罗马曾经的伟大,
和希腊曾经的荣光。
瞧!
彼处辉煌窗龛里
你,恰似雕像,伫立,
玛瑙灯儿手中提!
啊,普赛克,来自
仙土圣地!
Background
EdgarAllanPoewrote“ToHelen”asareflectiononthebeautyofMrs.JaneStithStanard,whodiedin1824.ShewasthemotherofoneofPoe’sschoolclassmates,RobertStanard.WhenRobertinvitedEdgar,then14,tohishomein1823,Poewasgreatlytakenwiththe27-year-oldwoman,whoissaidtohaveurgedhimtowritepoetry.Hewaslatertowritethatshewashisfirstreallove.
Theme
ThethemeofthisshortpoemisthebeautyofawomanwithwhomPoebecameacquaintedwhenhewas14.Apparentlyshetreatedhimkindlyandmayhaveurgedhim–orperhapsinspiredhim–towritepoetry.Beauty,asPoeusesthewordinthepoem,appearstorefertothewoman'ssoulaswellasherbody.Ontheonehand,herepresentsherasHelenofTroy–thequintessenceofphysicalbeauty–atthebeginningofthepoem.Ontheother,herepresentsherasPsyche–thequintessenceofsoulfulbeauty–attheendofthepoem.InGreek,psychemeanssoul.
ImageryandSummaryofthePoemPoeopensthepoemwithasimile–“Helen,thybeautyistome/LikethoseNicéanbarksofyore”–thatcomparesthebeautyofHelenwithsmallsailingboats(barks)thatcarriedhometravelersinancienttimes.Heextendsthisboatimageryintothesecondstanza,whenhesaysHelenbroughthimhometotheshoresofthegreatestcivilizationsofantiquity,classicalGreeceandRome.ItmaywellhavebeenthatMrs.Stanard’sbeautyandotheradmirablequalities,aswellashertakingnoticeofPoe’swritingability,helpedinspirehimtowritepoetrythatmimickedinsomewaystheclassicaltraditionofGreeceandRome.Certainlythepoem’sallusionstomythologyandtheclassicalagesuggestthathehadagroundingin,andafondnessfor,ancienthistoryandliterature.Inthefinalstanzaofthepoem,PoeimaginesthatMrs.Stanard(Helen)standingbeforehiminarecessoralcoveinfrontofawindow.Sheisholdinganagatelamp,asthebeautifulPsychedidwhenshediscoveredtheidentityofEros(Cupid).Forfurtherinformationontheagatelamp,Psyche,andEros,seesthecommentsoppositethethirdstanza.
Analysis:
AsistypicalwithmanyofPoe'spoems,therhythmandrhymeschemeof"ToHelen"isirregularbutmusicalinsound.Thepoemconsistsofthreestanzasoffivelineseach,wheretheendrhymeofthefirststanzaisABABB,thatofthesecondisABABA,andthatofthethirdisABBAB.Poeusessoothing,positivewordsandrhythmstocreateafittingtoneandatmosphereforthepoem.Hisconcludingimageisthatoflight,witha"brilliantwindowniche"andtheagatelampsuggestingtheglowingofthe"HolyLand,"forwhichHelenisthebeacon.
Original1831version
Helen,thybeautyistome
LikethoseNiceanbarksofyore,
Thatgently,o'eraperfum'dsea,
Thewearyway-wornwandererbore
Tohisownnativeshore.
Ondesperateseaslongwonttoroam,
Thyhyacinthhair,thyclassicface,
ThyNaiadairshavebroughtmehome
TothebeautyoffairGreece,
AndthegrandeurofoldRome.
Lo !
inthatlittlewindow-niche
Howstatue-likeIseetheestand!
Thefoldedscrollwithinthyhand—
APsychefromtheregionswhich
AreHolyland !
Revised1845version
Helen,thybeautyistome
LikethoseNiceanbarksofyore
Thatgently,o'eraperfumedsea,
Theweary,way-wornwandererbore
Tohisownnativeshore.
Ondesperateseaslongwonttoroam,
Thyhyacinthhair,thyclassicface,
ThyNaiadairshavebroughtmehome
TotheglorythatwasGreece,
AndthegrandeurthatwasRome.
Lo,inyonbrilliantwindow-niche
Howstatue-likeIseetheestand,
Theagatelampwithinthyhand,
Ah!
Psyche,fromtheregionswhich
AreHolyLand!