翻译练习答案教师用新.docx
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翻译练习答案教师用新
2012年翻译练习500题（答案与解析）
翻译答案：
1.Itwasnotuntildarkthat
2.whetherapersonissuitableforthejob
3.wasnotknowninEurope
4.aslongasitisnottoolate
5.morelikelytoraisefearsconcerningfuturejobopportunities
respecting,regarding,concerning:
Iwrotealetterrespecting/regarding/concerningmydaughter'sschoolexaminations.
provided=if:
Wewillpayyouthebonusprovidedthejobiscompletedontime.
supposing.Supposingitrainstomorrow,whatwillyoudo?
6.takeintoaccounthisreputation
7.arefreshmenpermittedtotakethemake-uptest
allow/permitsb.todosth.
never,hardly,not,notonly,little,seldom,often,manyatime,notuntil,rarely,invain,scarcely/hardly...when;nosooner...than:
NeverhaveIseenhimbefore.
Hardlyhad1reachedthebusstopwhenthebusstarted.
only:
OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.
Onlyinthiswaycanyoulearnfromyourfriends.
nota,nothing,nobody,noone,manya和many等:
NotasingleworddidMr.Lispeak./NothingdidIknowaboutthematter.
8.takeourskinforgranted
9.couldhavemadeagoodsalaryinajob
10.whohadbeendrivingallday
11.knowntotheBritishthroughtelevisedtransmissions
beknownfor...Heisknownforhistalentformusic.
beknownas...:
LuXunisknownasawriter.
beknownto...:
Thefactisknowntoall.
12.Muchashelikesher/Althoughhelikesherverymuch
13.torescuethechildfromtheburningbuilding
rescuesb.from
14.incaseofpowerfailure
15.didhearriveatthesportsground
16.liketoweardressesofsuehdullcolors
17.orhewouldhavebeenhere
hemusthavehadanaccident,
IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.
IfIhadstudiedhard,Iwouldhavepassedtheexam.
Ifyouweretogototheparty,youwouldenjoyit.
IfIhadstudiedhard,Iwouldpasstheexamnow.
Without/Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnothavesucceeded.
WereIyou,Iwouldstudyhard.
18.allowsmorewomentotakeadvantageofemploymentopportunities
19.Ihadtorefertoadictionary
20.thatrestaurantsarebecomingmorepopularwithfamilies
bepopularwith
21.thatthetradebetweenthetwocountriesreacheditshighestpoint
Itis/was...that
Yesterdaymymotherthrewabadeggatthemanager.
Itwasyesterdaythatmymotherthrewabadeggatthemanager.
Itwasmymotherwho/thatthrewabadeggatthemanager.
Itwasabadeggthatmymotherthrewatthemanageryesterday.
Itwasatthemanagerthatmymotherthrewabadeggyesterday.
22.Whatever/Nomatterwhatdifficultieswemaycomeacross
nomatterwhatwhatever/nomatterwhatdifficulties;
23.inspiteofhavingtodopart-timejobs
edownwithmanybadhabbits
25.（should）adapthimselftohisnewconditions
26.whenthemancaughtupwithme
27.Withthetemperaturefallingsorapidly
28.aremanyabandonedminingtowns
abandonedto
Incameamanwithawhitebeard./
HardlydidIthinkitpossible.
here,there,now,then,thus,out,in,up,down和away谓语是be,come,go,lie,run和rush
Therecomesthebus./Awaywenttheboy./Outrushthechildren.
Hereitis./Thereshecomes!
29.Thefirewasfinally/atlastbroughtundercontrol
bringsth.Undercontrol,getsth.undercontrol;sth.isundercontrol
30.wewillhavestayedherefortwodays
31.lyingonthebed
32.hehadstudiedbusinessinsteadofhistory
33.likedhuntingwildanimalsforfunmorethan
34.hewasbornandbroughtupinAmerica
35.itmeansstandinginaqueueallnight
36.exceptforagasstationortwo/oneortwogasstations
37.Eatingtoomuchfatcancontributeto
38.Itisourconsistentpolicy
Wefinditdifficulttopreventpeoplefromdoingthat.
It'snousetalkingwithoutdoing.
It'sawell-knownfactthatthedevelopmentofacountrydependsonthequalityofitsyoungergeneration.
39.hadherfaceinsuredforfivemilliondollars
40.Thankstotheenormousflowoffood
41.knowbetterthantoaskDickforhelp
knowbetterthantodosth.
noneotherthan:
ThefirstspeechwasgivenbynoneotherthanMr.Smith.
notsomuchas：
甚至不…连…都没有Ihavenotsomuchasheardofhim,muchlessknowhim.
otherthan：
Thetruthisquiteotherthanwhatyouthink.
stillless:
Heknowslittleofmathematics,andstilllessofchemistry.
muchmore：
Johnlikesmusic,muchmoredancing.
Asgoodas:
Thehousewasasgoodasnew.
asgoodasorbetterthan:
Thefacilitiesoftheolderhospitalareasgoodasorbetterthanthoseofthenewhospital.
asgoodas,ifnotbetterthan:
Ann'sworkisasgoodas,ifnotbetterthan,ours.
42.Thechildrenwerenottoblameforthebrokenglass
benottoblamefor
43.expectedthechairmantoturnupattheparty
44.whichheldupthetraffic
45.it'simpossibleforhimtofulfillthetask
itis+forsb.todosth.
46.whereIcanseeiteveryday
intheplacewhere/inwhichIcanseeiteveryday
Hefoundthebookswherehehadputit.
Hefoundthebooksintheplacewherehehadputit.
Thenewsthatweheardisnottrue.
Thenewsthathewontheprizeisnottrue.
Itistheplacewheretheylivedbefore.
Itisintheplacethattheylivedbefore.来源：
47.Ourmanageriscallingonanimportantcustomernow
48.wewouldnothavesucceededintheinvestigation
49.toacquiretheskillstheyneedtosucceed
50.toprotectthedelicatesilkfromdamageprotectsth.From
51.nordidtheymakeanyexplanation/nordidtheygivethereasonfordoingso
本题考察了两个知识点。
①nor的倒装句用法，后半句表示“也不”的否定意义，注意助动词的时态与上半句保持一致；②对某事做出解释的表达，考察了汉译英中动词转名词的技巧，explain→explanation，或者nordidtheygivethereasonfordoingso同样可以。
52.couldbeassigned（to）anotherjob
本题考察了wish从句的虚拟语气用法（can→could）和“分配某人做某事”的词组搭配，assignsb.tosth.或者assignsb.sth.
53.attheriskofhisownlife
本题考察了“冒着…的危险/风险做某事”的词组搭配，可以用attherisk/expenseofone’sownlife（冒着某人的生命危险做某事）
54.①washisassistantwhoanswered/pickedupthephone；②turnedoutthathisassistantanswered/pickedupthephone
该句比较灵活，在句法上，既可以使用强调句结构，也可以采用turnout的惯用搭配；在“接电话”的表达上，可以用pickup/answerthephone。
强调句结构为itbesb.whodosth.,而turnout变化则较多，可以用turnouttobesb.whodosth.或者turnout+that+从句。
55.hisfatherpersuadedhiminto/talkedhiminto
本题考察“说服某人做某事”的表达，persuade/talksb.intodoingsth.
56.本句翻译主要考查虚拟语气的用法如果听从了我的劝告，但因为句首有had这个词，我们可以得知句中的“你”并没有听从，所以这是对过去事情的假设，ifhaddone+would/should/could/mighthavedonesth忠告可直接翻译为advice，“陷入麻烦”则是getintotrouble。
所以答案为followedmyadvice,youwouldnotgetintotrouble
57.看着……考查的是感官词watch/hear/see/feel后面接动词的使用方法。
这里看着被送入只一个正在进行的动作，同时还包含一个被动语态。
“受伤的儿子”即injuredson,“手术室”则是operationroom。
所以翻译答案为watchedherinjuredsonbeingsenttothehospital
58.劝告某人不要做某事advise/suggestsb.nottodosth.句子中是“被劝告”，所以要用被动语态。
在这个句子中“暂时”其实就是此时，所以翻译为atthemoment比较合适。
所以翻译答案为aresuggestednottotraveltothiscountryatthemoment
59.这个句子中“写”“打”这两个词不用翻出来，关键是“电子邮件”和“电话”这两种沟通方式，通过……方式用介词through，“而不是”用短语insteadof即可。
所以后半句可翻译为throughE-mailinsteadoftelephone
60.直到……才……这个句型可以通过强调句型来表达Notuntil…did/do/doessb.did/do/doessth截止日直接译为deadline即可，寄出就是sendout
所以这句话连起来就是Itwasn’tuntilthedeadlinedidhesentouthisapplicationform.
61.keepingupwiththerestoftheclass.
【超级句型】trouble可以用在句型"havetroubledoingsth."做某事有困难"中，这时，trouble可以用difficulty来代替。
【超级短语】keepupwith意为“跟上……”，指并肩前进，并驾齐驱，不至落后、掉队。
catchupwith意为“赶上”，指从后边追上或改变落后状。
；
62.delayingmaking
【超级单词】mind作及物动词，后面通常接名词、代词、V-ing形式、复合结构、从句等。
Delay后接动词时，应该接动词的ing形式。
63.playindispensableroles
【超级短语】playapart/rolein起着……作用，饰演……的角色。
64.attamptstoescapebeingfined
【超级单词】escape后面要接动名词形式。
常与介词from搭配，如Hehasescapedfromthefire.
65.caught/foundhimcheatingme
【超级句型】find/catch+宾语+宾补,如Ifoundhimstandingbytheriver.
答案及解析：
66.shouldadapthimselfto
【超级句型】suggest作“建议”时，其宾语从句中要用虚拟句型"suggestthatsb．（should）dosth．”结构；从suggest还可以联想到宾语从句中同样要用虚拟语气的相关动词如：
insist，demand，order，ask，advise等。
【超级短语】adaptoneselfto使自己适应或习惯于，其他搭配：
adaptfrom根据……改写/改编
67.rememberingallmylife
【超级单词】Beworthdoing…/值得做某事,还有说法是worthsth.如：
Heisworththepraise.
68.neitherwillthey
【超级单词】neither表示“两者都不”，表示"也"、"也不"的句子要部分倒装。
如：
Ifyouwon'tgo,neitherwillI.
69.wonderingabouthisrealpurpose
【超级单词】leavesbdoing让继续处于某种状态；leavesbtodosth让某人干某事
70.losecontactwith
【超级短语】losecontactwith/losetouchwith与……失去联系
71.arebeingdeveloped
【超级句型】"bebeingdone"现在进行时的被动语态表示此时此刻某事正在被做。
其中动词be应随主语作相应变化。
72.hasastronginfluenceon/effecton
【超级短语】influence/effect作名词（常与on连用）对…有影响力。
influence指"通过说服、举例等对行动、思想、性格等产生不易觉察到的,潜移默化的影响",如:
Influencedbyahigh-schoolbiologyteacher,hetookupthestudyofmedicine.
effect指"实现"、"达成",着重"造成"一种特殊的效果,如:
Thisbookeffectedachangeinmyopinion.
73.can'thavebeencleaned
【超级句型】"情态动词+havedone"表示推测，must/can/may/might/could各用于不同句型中，must只用于肯定句中，can/could不能用于肯定句中，may/might不能用于疑问句中。
can't表示不可能，maynot表示可能不。
如题中推测的为过去的事情，情态动词后则用完成形式。
74.Thekeytothesuccessofthisproject
【超级单词】key除作名词“钥匙”外，后接介词to，表示“…的钥匙，…的答案，…的关键”。
75.fromindividualtoindividual.
【超级短语】不及物动词vary的用法。
搭配为：
vary…from…to各不相同。
76.hadtobeoperatedmanually
【超级短语】haveto通常指由于客观原因则不得不做某事，意思为“不得不”。
其否定形式意思是“不一定”或“没有必要”。
77.tostudents’beinglatefor
【超级句型】beusedto+doing/noun，表示过去习惯于做某事。
usedto+do，表示过去有规律的习惯性动作或状态，而现在已不存在了。
【超级短语】belatefor,迟到。
【超级句型】one’sdoing,非谓语动词的复合结构。
78.hedevotedhimselftothecommunity
【超级短语】bedevotedto有两个含义：
A.专心致志于，献身于；B.热爱，很喜欢。
作为动词的devote常用下列成语类的搭配：
devoteoneself/one'slifetosth/doingsth.
79.atthecostofsacrificing/lossofotherspecies_
【超级短语】atthecostof（以……为代价），其含义和用法与attheexpenseof相同。
另atallcosts意为“不惜一切代价”。
80.attributedittoherfirmbeliefinthe
升级会员 