考研英语一真题答案解析.docx

考研英语一真题答案解析.docx

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考研英语一真题答案解析

2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1（10points）

Thehumannoseisanunderratedtool.Humansareoftenthoughttobeinsensitivesmellerscomparedwithanimals, 1 thisislargelybecause, 2animals,westandupright.Thismeansthatournosesare 3 toperceivingthosesmellswhichfloatthroughtheair, 4 themajorityofsmellswhichsticktosurfaces.Infact, 5 ,weareextremelysensitivetosmells, 6 wedonotgenerallyrealizeit.Ournosesarecapableof 7 humansmellsevenwhentheseare 8 tofarbelowonepartinonemillion.

Strangely,somepeoplefindthattheycansmellonetypeofflowerbutnotanother, 9 othersaresensitivetothesmellsofbothflowers.Thismaybebecausesomepeopledonothavethegenesnecessarytogenerate 10 smellreceptorsinthenose.Thesereceptorsarethecellswhichsensesmellsandsend 11tothebrain.However,ithasbeenfoundthatevenpeopleinsensitivetoacertainsmell12 cansuddenlybecomesensitivetoitwhen 13toitoftenenough.

Theexplanationforinsensitivitytosmellseemstobethatbrainfindsit 14 tokeepallsmellreceptorsworkingallthetimebutcan 15 newreceptorsifnecessary.Thismay 16 explainwhywearenotusuallysensitivetoourownsmells—wesimplydonotneedtobe.Wearenot 17 oftheusualsmellofourownhouse,butwe 18 newsmellswhenwevisitsomeoneelse’s.Thebrainfindsitbesttokeepsmellreceptors 19 forunfamiliarandemergencysignals 20 thesmellofsmoke,whichmightindicatethedangeroffire.

1.[A]although     [B]as          [C]but         [D]while

2.[A]above       [B]unlike      [C]excluding    [D]besides

3.[A]limited      [B]committed   [C]dedicated    [D]confined

4.[A]catching     [B]ignoring     [C]missing     [D]tracking

5.[A]anyway      [B]though      [C]instead      [D]therefore

6.[A]evenif      [B]ifonly      [C]onlyif      [D]asif

7.[A]distinguishing [B]discovering   [C]determining  [D]detecting

8.[A]diluted       [B]dissolved    [C]dispersed    [D]diffused

9.[A]when        [B]since       [C]for         [D]whereas

10.[A]unusual     [B]particular    [C]unique      [D]typical

11.[A]signs        [B]stimuli      [C]messages     [D]impulses

12.[A]atfirst      [B]atall       [C]atlarge     [D]attimes

13.[A]subjected    [B]left         [C]drawn      [D]exposed

14.[A]ineffective   [B]incompetent  [C]inefficient   [D]insufficient

15.[A]introduce    [B]summon     [C]trigger      [D]create

16.[A]still        [B]also         [C]otherwise    [D]nevertheless

17.[A]sure        [B]sick        [C]aware       [D]tired

18.[A]tolerate      [B]repel          [C]neglect       [D]notice

19.[A]available    [B]reliable        [C]identifiable   [D]suitable

20.[A]similarto   [B]suchas        [C]alongwith    [D]asidefrom

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

Text1

Everybodylovesafatpayrise.Yetpleasureatyourowncanvanishifyoulearnthatacolleaguehasbeengivenabiggerone.Indeed,ifhehasareputationforslacking,youmightevenbeoutraged.Suchbehaviourisregardedas“alltoohuman”,withtheunderlyingassumptionthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsenseofgrievance.ButastudybySarahBrosnanandFransdeWaalofEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,Georgia,whichhasjustbeenpublishedin Nature,suggeststhatitisalltoomonkey,aswell.

Theresearchersstudiedthebehaviouroffemalebrowncapuchinmonkeys.Theylookcute.Theyaregood-natured,co-operativecreatures,andtheysharetheirfoodreadily.Aboveall,liketheirfemalehumancounterparts,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices”thanmales.

SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectcandidatesforDr.Brosnan’sandDr.deWaal’sstudy.Theresearchersspenttwoyearsteachingtheirmonkeystoexchangetokensforfood.Normally,themonkeyswerehappyenoughtoexchangepiecesofrockforslicesofcucumber.However,whentwomonkeyswereplacedinseparatebutadjoiningchambers,sothateachcouldobservewhattheotherwasgettinginreturnforitsrock,theirbehaviourbecamemarkedlydifferent.

Intheworldofcapuchinsgrapesareluxurygoods（andmuchpreferabletocucumbers）.Sowhenonemonkeywashandedagrapeinexchangeforhertoken,thesecondwasreluctanttohandhersoverforamerepieceofcucumber.Andifonereceivedagrapewithouthavingtoprovidehertokeninexchangeatall,theothereithertossedherowntokenattheresearcherorout