高考英语基础知识复习2.docx

高考英语基础知识复习2.docx

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高考英语基础知识复习2

2011届高考英语第一轮单元基础知识复习2

类别新课标学习要求词汇n.1.电梯，升降机_________2.汽油__________3公寓，住宅___________4.拼写，拼法________5.本身，本体，身份___________6.使用，用法____________7.词语，表达，表示__________8.卡车__________9.口音，腔调，重音____________10.闪电____________v.1.以…为依据____________2.命令，指令____________3.请求，要求______________4.辨认出，承认_________adj.1.官方的___________2.逐渐的，逐步的__________3.较后的，后者的___________4.流利的，流畅的__________5.频繁的，常见的___________adv.1.实际上,事实上__________2.逐渐地，逐步地__________3.频繁地______________短语1.because____由于，因为2.come___走进，上来3.______present现在，目前4._______useof利用，使用5.playapart_____扮演角色，起作用6______than不仅仅，超过7.bedifferent____与…不同8._________withsb.与….交流，交际9._______....on以…作为…的基础10._______itornot信不信由你句型1.部分否定2.定语从句3.现在分词作结果状语语法直接引语和间接引语1.“pleasesitdownandhavearest.”shesaidtous.→Sheaskedustositdownandhavearest.2.Themothersaid,“Don’tmakesomuchnoise,children.”→Themothertoldthechildrennottomakesomuchnoise.本单元2011高考命题趋向分析：

1.include为新课标重点单词。

意思：

（1）包括、包含；

（2）使成为---的一部分。

对其词义区别的考查需通过具体语境正确分析句子结构体现出来。

此外，include与contain作“包含，包括”讲时，意义上的差别是重要的考查角度之一。

另外，include的变形including/included也是常考点，主要考查被包括词的位置区别。

此考点在2011年高考命题的侧重点可能放在动词词义辨析上2.command和request后面跟宾语从句或用在名词性从句中必须用虚拟语气，这种用法在单选题或完形填空中考查，09高考出现了对recommend宾语从句虚拟语气的考查，2011年，考生应该重视ask,request,require和demand等词的词义辨析和虚拟语气用法3.becauseof为新课标重点短语。

主要考查角度是becauseof与because之间的用法辨析，以及放在强调句式中考查。

首先两者词性不同：

becauseof为介词短语，后跟名词、代词或相当于名词的短语；而because为连词，引导状语从句，考查时，往往放在复杂句句式中或强调句式中，突破点要分析句子结构来推知。

07浙江卷考过becauseof介词短语在句中作原因状语的用法，2011年有可能考查以上用法4.evenif/eventhough引导的让步状语从句在07年高考北京卷、浙江卷以及09年北京卷都作为干扰项考查过；状语从句的省略也分别在06年高考重庆卷和03年高考上海卷单项填空中考查过。

2011年仍作为复习的重点，考查的重要考点

1.come相关短语自主归纳；2.present作动词和名词的用法；3.recognize一词的活用；4.command/request两词的用法比较；5.more…than结构用法总结；6.such…as/that引导句型的差异；7.way引导的定语从句关系词的选用。

1．（2007浙江卷）Theopen-aircelebrationhasbeenputoff___thebedweather.A.incaseofB.InspiteofC.insteadofD.becauseof2．（2007江苏卷）―Haveyou______somenewideas?

―Yeah.I’lltellyoulater.A.comeaboutB.comeintoC.comeupwithD.comeoutwith3．（2007重庆卷）_______,hisideawasacceptedbyallthepeopleatthemeeting.A.StrangeasmightitsoundB.AsitmightsoundstrangeC.AsstrangeitmightsoundD.Strangeasitmightsound4．（08全国II）LittleJohnnyfeltthebag,curioustoknowwhatit____.A.collectedB.containedC.loadedD.saved5．（09北京）Youmayuseroomasyoulike____youcleanitupafterwards.A.sofarasB.solongasC.incaseD.evenif6．（09重庆）33.Unsatisfied______withthepayment,hetookthejobjusttogetsomeworkexperience.A.thoughwasheB.thoughhewasC.hewasthoughD.washethough

一．重点词汇短语eup走近；上来；发芽；发生；被提出；上升常见短语：

comeabout发生；comeacross偶遇；comeout出现，出版，披露；comealong进展，跟着来，赶快comeon快点；得啦；开始活用：

1）--Howdidit______thatyoumadesuchasillymistake?

--Imyselfhaven’tfigureditoutyet.A.bringaboutB.comeaboutC.comeacrossD.comeon2）TheseedsIsowedlastweekhaven’t______________yet.3）Thequestionhasn’t_______________yet.4）.Howisyourwork_________________?

2.presentv.呈递；赠予；展现，举荐adj出席的，到场的；目前的n.礼物，目前常见短语：

atpresent现在目前；presentoneself出席，到场；uptothepresent直到现在;forthepresent眼前，暂时注意：

presentadj表示“出席的，到场的”时，作后置定语；当表示“目前的，现在的”时，作前置定语。

活用：

1）Themayor____________thewinnerwiththesilvercuplastweek.2）Thetheatreis___________”RomeoandJulia”byShakespearenextweek.3）Allthegirls_____________turnedtohim.4）Somethingmustbedoneaboutthe______________situation.3.recognizev.辨认出；承认；公认常见结构：

Itisrecognizedthat….人们公认；recognizesb/sth.tobe/as认定，承认….为…..派生词：

recognizedadj公认的；recognizableadj.可识别的，可承认的；recognitionn.认出，认可活用：

1）I___________PeteralthoughIhadn’tseenhimfor10years.2）My____________ofthefacewasimmediate.3）ZhaoBenshanisoneof_________excellentcomicplayers.4）Shewasbarely____________asthegirlIhadknownatschool.4.basevt.把…基础放在….n.基础;基地bebasedon以…为基础1）Youshould___________yourconclusion__________carefulresearch.2）___________________anactualoccurrence,thefilmHuoYuajiaispopularwithmanypeople.A.BasingonB.BasedonC.TobaseonD.Baseon3）Allthesoldiershavearrivedattheair___________.5.commandn.（C）命令；（U）掌握v.命令；指挥；支配常见结构：

haveagoodcomandof很好的掌握;commandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事;underone’scommand由…..指挥；commandthat……（should）do….链接：

用虚拟式的单词口诀：

一坚持insist二命令order/command三建议advise/suggest/propose四要求request/require/demand/desire活用：

1）Thearmyreceivedacommandthatthey____________（march）tothefrontimmediately.2）What_______________theEnglishlanguagehehas!

（精通）3）Hecommandedthatthestudents_____theclassroombeforehereturned.A.didn’tleaveB.wouldn’tleaveC.needn’tleaveD.notleave.

6.requestv.请求，要求常用结构:

atsb’srequest=attherequestofsb.应某人之要求requestsb.todosth.请求某人做某事requestsbthatsb.（should）dosth.Itisrequestedthat…..据要求….1）Theguide____________________（要求客人不要停车）thecaratthegate.=Theguiderequestedthatthevisitor__________________（不该停车）atthegate.2）Studentsare___________________（要求不要触摸任何东西）inthelab.3）Ishouldn’thaveacceptedtheman’spresent,butIfounditdifficulttoturndownhis______.A.offerB.requestC.suggestionD.plan二．重点句型重点练1.ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.信息：

more…than与其说….不如是链接：

（1）morethan结构的其他用法：

超过/不仅仅/非常

（2）otherthan除了…/ratherthan而不是……（3）nomorethan=only只有，仅仅1）Heis_________________（与其说他笨，不如说他懒）2）Hibernationis___________________（不仅仅是睡觉）3）Theboy’swholeeducationaddedupto_________________（不超过一年）4）Toenjoythescenery,Irenewouldratherspendlonghoursonthetrain_________travelbyair.5）ItisTom,ratherthanyouthat_______toblamethatday.6）Iwoulddieratherthan_______（giving/give）intotheenemy.7）Hewasengagedinwritingaletterratherthan_____（read/reading）thenewspaper.8）Ican’tdo________（ratherthan/otherthan）obey.2．Believeitornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.信息:

nosuchthing没有这样的事情。

such与all,no,some,any,few,little,many,much,much,several,one等词连用时应位于他们的后面。

Thereisnosuchstreetinthecity.（这城市没有那样的街道.）Onesuchbookisenough.（这样的书有一本就足够了.）链接：

1）thesame…as….和…一样（强调相似性）；thesame….that…和….一样（强调同一性）YourpenisthesamepenasIwasrobbedofyesterday.（翻译）________________________________________________.2）such….as…（定语从句）/such……that（状语从句）Mikesuchacleverpupil_________（that/as）allhisteacherslikehim.Thisissuchaheavystone___________（that/as）noonecanlift.活用：

3）Shallwemeetatthesameplace____wedidlastnight?

AwhereB.thatC.asDwhich3.However,onTVandtheradioyouwillheardifferencesinthewaypeoplespeak.信息：

theway+定语从句，定语从句的引导词在从句中作状语时，可用that/inwhich，也可以省略；如果way在后面的定语从句中作主语或宾语时，引导词用that或which.1）Heofferedmesomeways_______workedverywellinpratice.2）Theway_____________________（你想出的解决问题的办法）wasgood.3）Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut______hesaidit.A．thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich三．写作素材积累篇

（一）背诵下列经典句子1.Thisisbecauseintheearlydaysofradio,thosewhoreportedthenewswereexpectedtospeakexcellentEnglish.2.PeoplefromthemoutaininthesoutheasternUSspeakwithalmostthesamedielectaspeopleinthenorthwesternUS.3.Atfirst,theEnglishspokeninEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150wasverydifferentfromtheEnglishspokentoday.ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.

（二）美文背诵（如何适应高中生活话题）HowtoAdapttotheSeniorSchoolLifeFirstly,theseniorschoollifeisdifferentfromthejuniorschoollife．Generallyspeaking,theteachersinseniorschooltendtoadoptdifferentteachingmethodsandtheypaymoreattentiontotheabilitytraining.Therefore，mysuggestionisthatyoushouldadjusttotheirmethods．Secondly,asseniorstudentsyouaresupposedtoexploreyourownlearningmethods,foreffectivelearningmethodsaremoreimportant．Ifyouknowhowtolearnyouwillmakefulluseofyoursparetimeandmakegreaterprogress．Thirdly,itisofvitalimportancethatyoushouldlearnhowtogetalongwithyourteachersandclassmates．Youcanbuildupagoodrelationshipwiththembyrespectingyourteachers，helpingyourclassmates.Incommunicatingwiththemyouwillgrowuphealthilyandimprovealot．Inanutshell,itisimportanttolearnhowtoadapttothenewschoollife．Youareexpectedtohaveastart.一．高频词汇训练1.Thoughheisnota_________（本地的）Englishspeaker,hecanspeakEnglishveryfluently.2.Nowadays,manytallbuildingshave____________（电梯）forpeopletogoupanddown.3.Ifyou_______________（命令）someonetodosomething,youorderthemtodoit.4.ThoughIhaven’tseenhimformanyyears,Icould____________（认出）himimmediatelywhenIsawhiminthecrowd.5.Thevillagersall___________（出席）atthemeetingthatnight.6.Afterthewar,anew______________（政府）wassetupforthatcountry.7.HefailedintheEnglishexambecauseofhispoorEnglish_____________（词汇）.8.JohnandJamearebrothers.Theformerisateacher;the__________（后者）isanengineer.9.Theymadea_________（请求）forhelpbecauseoftheflood.10.Luckily,herhealthis___________（逐渐地）improving.二．运用下列短语的正确形式填空underthedirectionof;bebasedon;makegooduseof;comeup;playanimportantrolein;believeitornot;becauseof;atpresent1.__________________,thereisnosuchcarinthisneighborhood.2.Weshould_______________ourtimeduringclass.3._____________,wehavenotimetodiscusstheproblem.4.English________________ourdailylife.5.Thestudentsaredoingscientificresearch_______________theteacher.6.Herealizedthatshewascrying_____________whathehadsaid.7.Thisbook___________atruestory.8.Abeggar______________tousandaskedformoney.答案：

三.翻译句子1.教育在人们的生活中起着重要的作用。

（playarole/partin）________________________