中考中考英语专题动词的时态过去完成时和过去将来时带答案.docx
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中考中考英语专题动词的时态过去完成时和过去将来时带答案
中考中考英语专题--动词的时态过去完成时和过去将来时(带答案)
专题九动词时态
第七讲过去完成时和过去将来时
【考点归纳】
过去完成时和过去将来时在初中阶段要求学生能够做到理解,因此这两种时态在全国的考题中涉及的很少。
但是这两种时态的学习,可以帮助学生理解完型和阅读文章所表达的隐藏含义,因此建议老师可以根据自己学生的学习情况进行讲解。
【考点1】过去完成时的构成、标志、用法及判定
过去完成时的构成
肯定句
主语+had+过去分词+其他
TheyhadlostthematchwhenIgotthere.
否定句
主语+had+not+过去分词+其他
Theyhadn'tlostthematchwhenIgotthere.
一般疑问句
Had+主语+过去分词+其他?
肯定回答:
Yes,主语+had.
否定回答:
No,主语+hadn’t.
---Hadtheylostthematchwhenyougotthere?
---Yes,theyhad./No,theyhadn’t.
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+had+主语+过去分词+其他?
Wherehadhebeenbeforehecamehomeyesterday?
过去完成时的标志
1.by+过去的时间点
Ihadfinishedreadingthenovelbynineo'clocklastnight.
2.bytheendof+过去的时间点
WehadlearnedovertwothousandEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.
3.before+过去的时间点
TheyhadplantedsixhundredtreesbeforelastWednesday
过去完成时的用法
1.过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束,即发生在“过去的过去”。
Whenthepolicearrived,thethieveshadrunaway.警察到达时,小偷们早就跑了。
(主句的runaway动作发生在“过去的过去”)
2.过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始,一直延续到这一过去时间,而且动作尚未结束,仍然有继续下去的可能。
Bytheendoflastyear,hehadworkedinthefactoryfortwentyyears.
(hadworked已有了20年,还有继续进行下去的可能)
3.过去完成时与表示希望或打算的动词连用,如hope,want,expect,think,suppose,plan,mean,intend等,表示未曾实现的希望或打算。
Ihadintendedtocomeovertoseeyoulastnight,butsomeonecalledandIcouldn'tgetaway.
(昨晚我本想去看你的,但有人打电话我走不开。
)
4.用于宾语从句中,当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,且从句的动作先于主句的动作时,从句要用过去完成时。
Hetoldmethathehadwrittenanewbook.(hadwritten发生在told之前)
5.过去完成时是一个相对的时态,表示的是“过去的过去”,只有和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才使用它,不能离开过去时间而独立存在。
Shedidalotoftrainingbecauseshehadneversailed.
(neversail在dotraining之前)
过去完成时的判定
1.时间状语
By(theendof)/before+过去的时间点等
Bynineo’clocklastnight,wehadgot200picturesfromthespaceship.
2.“过去的过去”
过去完成时必须有过去的时间或动作作为参考
WhenIgottothestation,thetrainhadalreadyleft.
3.上下文语境
根据上下文动作的时间先后判断
ImetWangTaointhestreetyesterday.Wehadn'tseeneachothersincehewenttoBeijing.
过去完成时与一般过去时的区别
1.时间状语不同
过去完成时强调“过去的过去”;
一般过去时只强调过去某一特
定的时间。
Theyhadarrivedatthestationbytenyesterday.
Theyarrivedatthestationattenyesterday.
2.如果没有明确
的过去时间状语,谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断:
先发生的用过去完成时;
后发生的则用一般过去时。
Shewasveryhappy.Herwholefamilywerepleasedwithher,too.Shehadjustwonthefirstinthecompositioncompetition.
过去完成时与现在完成时的区别
现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去,但侧重对现在产生的影响或动作持续到现在
过去完成时发生在“过去的过去”,只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时,才能用到
Ihavelearned1000Englishwordssofar.到目前为止我已经学会了1000个英语单词。
Ihadlearned1000Englishwordstillthen.到那时为止我已经学会了1000个英语单词。
例题1:
(四川巴中)Myparents_____toworkbythetimeI_____up.
A.began,getB.
hadbegun,hadgotC.hadbegun,got
例题2:
(江苏淮安)Andy,withhisparents,______toHongKong,andtheywillstaythereforaweek.
A.havegone B.hasgone C.hadbeen D.hadgone
例题3:
(新疆乌鲁木齐)---Youdidn’twatchthemovie?
---Yet,butbythetimeI______tothecinema,themovie_____forseveralminutes.
A.got,hasbegunB.got,hadbeenon
C.got
hadbegunD.got,hasbeen
例题4:
We________2,000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.
A.hadlearnedB.learnedC.havelearnedD.learn
例题5:
Tom________someChinesebeforehecametoChina.
A.learnedB.havelearnedC.haslearned
D.hadlearned
例题6:
Hesuddenlyrememberedthathe________hiskeyinthelab.
A.leftB.haveleftC.hadleftD.toleft
例题7:
---Whywashelateforschoolyesterday?
---Heoverslept.Bythetimehegottothebusstop,thebus________already________.
A.was;leaving B.has;left
C.would;leaveD.had;left
例题8:
He______inShanghaiUniversityforfouryearsbeforehe______Beijing.
A.studied,hadgone B.hadstudied,went
C.hasstudied,goes D.hadstudied,hadgone
例题9:
Helen______herkeysintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband______home.
A.hasleft;comesB.left;hadcome
C.hadleft;cameD.hadleft;wouldcome
例题10:
Hetoldmethathe______anewbook.
A.writesB.wroteC.haswrittenD.hadwritten
答案:
CBBADCDBCD
【考点2】过去将来时的构成、标志、用法及判定
过去将来时的构成
肯定句
主语+would+动词原形+其他.
Ididn'tknowifhewouldcome.
主语+be(was/were)goingto+动词原形+其他.
Ididn'tknowifhewasgoingtocome.
否定句
主语+would+not+动词原形+其它.
Shetoldusthatshewouldnotteachusthefollowingmonth.
主语+be+not(wasn’t/weren’t)goingto+动词原形+其他.
Shetoldusthatshewasn’tgoingtoteachusthefollowingmonth.
一般疑问句
Would+主语+动词原形+其它?
Wouldsheteachusthefollowingmonth?
Be(Was/Were)+主语+goingto+动词原形+其它?
Wasshegoingtoteachusthefollowingmonth?
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+would+主语+动词原形+其它?
Ididn'tknowhowtodoit.Whatwouldbetheirideas?
特殊疑问词+be(was/were)+主语+goingto+动词原形+其它?
Ididn'tknowhowtodoit.Whatweretheygoingtodo?
过去将来时的标志
Thenextday
第二天
Thefollowingmonth
下个月
Thenextyear
第二年
Aweeklater
一周后
…
…
…
…
过去将来时的用法
1.基本用法:
过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来看将要发生的动作(尤其用于宾语从句中)
ItwasMay30.Mikehadjustlefthishome.Hewasgoingtostartfishingintheriverwithhisfriend,sohedecidedtocallhisfriendfirst.
Hepromisedthathewouldhelpme.
2.表示过去的动作习惯或倾向
【注:
在该用法中,有时也可用usedto代替would,但是当表示过去的状态或今昔对比时,只能用usedto】
Mostoftenwewouldfindhimlyingonacouch,reading.
Sheusedtobeathingirl,butnowshe’sonthefattyside.
3.was/weregoingto+动词原形一可以表示过去的打算;二可以表示在过去看来有迹象表明将要发生某事
Itseemedasifitwasgoingtorain.
Iwasgoingtoleavewhenhecamein.
4.come;go;leave;arrive;start等动词可用过去进行时代替过去将来时
Shetoldmeshewascomingtos
eeme.
5.was/wereto+动词原形表示过去按计划或安排要做的事情
Shesaidshewast
ogetmarriednextmonth.
6.was/wereaboutto+动词原形表示在过去看来即将要发生的动作(不与表示具体的时间状语连用)
Iwasabouttogotobedwhenthephonerang.
7.条件状语从句和时间状语从句中须用一般过去时代替过去将来时
Ididn’tknowwhenshewouldcome,butwhenshecameIwouldletyouknow.
TheteachersaidthatitwouldbeverydifficulttomakeprogressifIdidn’tworkhard.
过去将来时的判定
1.由宾语从句和时间状语来判定,即看主句的时态是不是一般过去时,从句的时间状语是不是表示将来
HesaidthathewouldhelpmewithmyEnglishthisevening.
2.根据上下文语境来判断
Weweregettingreadyfortheexamatthatmoment.WeweregoingtoLondon.
过去将来时的易错点
1.容易和一般将来时弄混
【误】Wedidn’tknowwhetherheisgoingtospeakatthemeeting.
【正】Wedidn’tknowwhetherhewasgoingtospeakatthemeeting.
2.条件状语从句和时间状语从句中须用一般过去时代替过去将来时
【误】TheysaidthattheyweregoingtothefarmifitwouldnotrainthenextSunday.
【正】Theysaidthattheyweregoingtothefarmifitdidn’trainthenextSunday.
3.容易和过去完成时弄混
【误】LasttimeIsawyou,youhadstartedtogotoTibetbytrain.
【正】LasttimeIsawyou,youweregoingtostarttogotoTibetbytrain.
例题1:
---Whatdidyoursonsayintheletter?
---Hetoldmethathe______theDisneyWorldthenextday.
A.willvisitB.has
visitedC.isgoingtovisitD.wouldvisit
例题2:
IhopedTina______tomybirthdaypartyontimethenextWednesday.
A.tocomeB.iscomingC.willcomeD.wascoming
例题3:
Fathersaidthathe______metoBeijingthenextyear.
A.tookB.wouldtakeC.takesD.willtake
例题4:
LiMingsaidhe_____happyifBrian_____toChinanextmonth.
A.as;comeB.was;wouldcomeC.wouldbe;cameD.willbe;come
例题5:
She______toworkwhenthetelephonerang.
A.isgoingB.willgoC.wasabouttogoD.istogo
例题6:
Didyoupredictthatmanystudents______upforthedancecompetition?
A.wouldsignB.signedC.havesignedD.hadsigned
例题7:
Hedidn’tsellhalfasmanyvideosashethoughthe______.
A.hadB.wouldC.wasD.sold
例题8:
---Whatdidhetellyoujustnow?
---Hesaidthat____________tomorrowmorning.
A.hewillbuysomenewclothesB.willhebuysomenewclothes
C.hewouldbuysomenewclothesD.wouldhebuysomenewclothes
例题9:
Kenwassobusywhenwesawhim,becausehe_______aspeechthenextday.
A.willmakeB.wouldmakeC.hasmadeD.wasmaking
例题10:
Tina___________leavewhenImether.
A.wasgoingtoB.wouldC.wasabouttoD.A,BandC
答案:
DDBCCABCBD
【基础演练】
【教学建议】建议此部分用作当堂检测练习,复习完过去完成时和过去将来时的相关考点以后,即刻让学生完成过去完成时和过去将来时的综合练习。
大部分练习的考点在讲解过程中都有涉及,部分常见常考单词建议老师在指导学生练习的过程中可以补充给学生。
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.MissZhangsaidshe________________(visit)theGreatWallnextsummer.
2.Jack said the plane_______(come) at five the next morning.
3.I wasn't sure whether he _______(play) with me the next morning.
4.He asked me if I __________(carry) on with the work the next day.
5.Amy said she ___________(let )me know as soon as she ________(get ) there.
6.Hesaidhe_____________already_________(give)thebooktotheteacher.
7.Shetoldmeshe_________________(be)toSanyathreetimes.
8.Weweresurprisedatwhatshe________already______(do).
9.WhenIarrivedatthestation,he_____________(leave).
10.We_______________(learn)about4000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.
二、句型转换
1.Ihadsoldtheticketwhenshecame.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
2.By10:
00a.m,Ihadbeenveryhungry.(改为一般疑问)
___________________________________________________
3.HehadbrokenhisarmwhenIsawhim.(对划线部分提问)
___________________________________________________
4.Jackdidn’tgotothecinemabecausehehadseenthefilm.(对划线部分提问)
___________________________________________________
5.Heshowedusthepicture.Thenheshowedusaroundthehouse.用过去完成时连接两句)
Beforehe_______________________,he______________________________.
三、单项选择
1.What____Jane____bythetimehewasseven?
A.did;doB.has;doneCdid;did.D.had;done
2.I______900EnglishwordsbythetimeIwasten.
A.learnedB.waslearningC.hadlearnedD.learnt
3.Bythetimemyparentsreachedhomeyesterday,I_____thedinneralready.
A.hadcookedB.cookedC.havecookedD.wascooked
4.She