雄关漫道高考英语二轮专题复习5阅读理解七选五题型练习.docx
《雄关漫道高考英语二轮专题复习5阅读理解七选五题型练习.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《雄关漫道高考英语二轮专题复习5阅读理解七选五题型练习.docx（26页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
雄关漫道高考英语二轮专题复习5阅读理解七选五题型练习
第五部分 阅读理解七选五题型
Passage1（2013·辽宁卷）
Forgiveness
Toforgiveisavirtue,butnoonehaseversaiditiseasy.Whensomeonehasdeeplyhurtyou,itcanbeextremelydifficulttoletgoofyourhate.However,forgivenessispossible,anditcanbesurprisinglybeneficialtoyourphysicalandmentalhealth.Peoplewhoforgiveshowlesssadness，angerandstressandmorehopefulness,accordingtoarecentresearch.
__1__Trythefollowingsteps：
Calmyourself.__2__Youcantakeacoupleofbreathsandthinkofsomethingthatgivesyoupleasure:
abeautifulsceneinnature,orsomeoneyoulove.
Don'twaitforanapology.Manytimesthepersonwhohurtyoudoesnotintendtoapologize.Theymayhavewantedtohurtyouortheyjustdon'tseethingsthesameway.__3__Keepinmindthatforgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymeanbecomingfriendsagainwiththepersonwhoupsetyou.
Takethecontrolawayfromyouroffender（冒犯者）.Rethinkingaboutyourhurtgivespowertothepersonwhocausedyoupain.Insteadoffocusingonyourwoundedfeelings,learntolookforthelove,beautyandkindnessaroundyou.
__4__Ifyouunderstandyouroffender,youmayrealizethatheorshewasactingoutofunawareness,fear,andevenlove.Youmaywanttowritealettertoyourselffromyouroffender'spointofview.
Don'tforgettoforgiveyourself.__5__Butitcanrobyouofyourselfconfidenceifyoudon'tdoit.
A．Whyshouldyouforgive?
B．Howshouldyoustarttoforgive?
C．Recognizethebenefitsofforgiveness.
D.Trytoseethingsfromyouroffender'sangle.
E.Forsomepeople,forgivingthemselvesisthebiggestchallenge.
F.Tomakeyourangerdieaway,tryasimplestressmanagementtechnique.
G.Ifyouwaitforpeopletoapologize,youcouldbewaitinganawfullylongtime.
解读：
本文为说明文，主要向读者介绍了如何开始宽恕别人或自己的方法。
1.解析：
第一段说明了宽恕的意义，该空格后的各段说明了宽恕的具体方法，由此可推断该空格处应为一承上启下的过渡句，故选B项。
答案：
B
2.解析：
根据段落中心句Calmyourself.和下文的关键信息thinkofsomethingthatgivesyoupleasure可确定答案。
答案：
F
3.解析：
根据关键词apology可迅速确定答案。
答案：
G
4.解析：
根据关键信息writealettertoyourselffromyouroffender'spointofview可确定答案。
答案：
D
5.解析：
根据段落中心句Don'tforgettoforgiveyourself.中的关键信息forgiveyourself可确定答案。
答案：
E
Passage2（2013·北京卷）
Urbanization
Untilrelativelyrecently,thevastmajority
ofhumanbeingslivedanddiedwithouteverseeingacity.Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5,500yearsago.__1__Infact,nearlyeveryonelivedonfarmsorintinyrural（乡村的）villages.Itwasnotuntilthe20thcenturythatGreatBritainbecamethefirsturbansocietyinhistory—asocietyinwhichthemajorityofpeopleliveincitiesanddonotfarmforaliving.
Britainwasonlythebeginning.__2__Theprocessofurbanization—themigration（迁徙）ofpeoplefromthecountrysidetothecity—wastheresultofmodernization,whichhasrapidlytransformedhowpeopleliveandwheretheylive.
In1900，fewerthan40%ofAmericanslivedinurbanareas.Today，over82%ofAmericansliveincities.Onlyabout2%liveonfarms.__3__
Largecitieswereimpossibleuntilagriculturebecameindustrialized.Eveninadvancedagriculturalsocieties,ittookaboutninetyfivepeopleonfarmstofeedfivepeopleincities.__4__Untilmoderntimes，thoselivingincitiesweremainlytherulingelite（精英）andtheservants,laborersandprofessionalswhoservedthem.Citiessurvivedbytaxingfarmersandwerelimitedinsizebytheamountofsurplusfoodthattheruralpopulationproducedandbytheabilitytomovethissurplusfromfarmtocity.
Overthepasttwocenturies,theIndustrialRevolutionhasbrokenthisbalancebetweenthecityandthecountry.__5__Today,insteadofneedingninetyfivefarmerstofeedfivecitypeople,oneAmericanfarmerisabletofeedmorethanahundrednonfarmers.
A．Thatkeptcitiesverysmall.
B.Therestliveinsmalltowns.
C.Theeffectsofurbanlivingonpeopleshouldbeconsidered.
D.Soonmanyotherindustrialnationsbecameurbansocieties.
E.Buteven200yearsago,onlyafewpeoplecouldliveincities.
F.Modernizationdrewpeopletothecitiesandmadefarmersmoreproductive.
G.Moderncitieshavedestroyedsocialrelationsandthehealthofhumanbeings.
解读：
本文为说明文，题材为社会与热点，主要讲述了城市化的进程。
1．解析：
第一段主要讲述了在过去城市非常少，大多数人都是住在农场或乡村里，根据主旨可知应选择E项。
答案：
E
2．解析：
空格前一句中的beginning与D项中的soon相对应，英国只是个开始，之后一些其他的国家也开始成为城市化的社会，故选择D项。
答案：
D
3．解析：
空格所在的段落通过列举数据来体现现在城市化的扩大，绝大多数的美国人住在城市里，少部分住在农场里，因此此空说明剩下的人居住在何地，故选择B项。
答案：
B
4．解析：
此空之前在阐述过去为什么城市不可能大的原因，因此A项与前面的意思对应。
答案：
A
5．解析：
空格前一句阐述工业革命打破了此前城市和乡村的这种平衡，因此空格处是对前一句内容的进一步阐述，因此选择F项。
答案：
F
Passage1（2013·东北联考）
Maketherightchoices
Whatislife'sgreatestgift?
__1__Choiceistheabilitytoselectonecourseofactionfromasetofalternativestoachieveagoal.Whatissogreataboutch
oice?
Ittransformsusfromdumbanimalsintoartists.EachofusbecomesanotherMichelangelo.Choicebecomesnothingotherthanthetoolweusetosculpt（雕刻）ourlife.Thetooldoesn'tcomefree，however，forthepriceofchoiceisresponsibility.__2__Therewardishappiness.
Lifeisnotstill.Itisaflow.__3__Weconstantlyneedtomonitorwhereweareonourjourney.Weneedtoaskquestions：
AmImovingclosertomygoals?
Ifnot，whatcorrectivemeasurescanItake?
WhatactionwillItakenowtoreadjustmyselftomygoals?
Choiceispower.Choiceisattheheartoflife.Itisthecreativepoweroflife.
__4__Andyourlifebecomesmoreconvenientorcomfortablebecauseofthem.Forexample,youdecidewhichstorestoshopatandwhichgasstationtogoto.Butthedecisionsthatwemaketosculptourlifearefarmoreimportantthandecidingwheretoshop.Themoreweappreciatethedifferencebetweenminorandmajordecisions,thegreatertheprobabi
litythatwewillexperiencehappinessandfulfillment.
Allchessloversrealizethatitisn'tnecessarytowintoenjoythegame.Thepleasureisintheplaying.Lifeislikeachessgame.__5__
A．Itisfreewillorchoice.
B．Youhavetomakechoiceseveryday.
C．Makethebestmovesyoucanunderthecircumstances.
D．Butwhenweacceptandcarryitout,wegetagreatreturn.
E．Everychoicewemakeleadsusclosertoorfartherfromourgoals.
F．Lifeisfullofhardchoices,andthebiggertheyare,thehardertheyget.
G．Choosetocarryoutresponsibilitiesnotbecauseyouhaveto,butbecauseyouwantto.
解读：
每个人每天都要面临各种各样的选择。
正确的选择究竟会给我们的人生带来些什么呢？
1.解析：
根据上文的提问“生命中最珍贵的礼物是什么？
”可知选A，it指代life'sgreatestgift，即生命中最珍贵的礼物是自由的意志或选择。
答案：
A
2．解析：
选项D中agreatreturn与下文Thereward前后照应，即当我们接受并执行它时，我们就获得了巨大的回报。
这种回报就是幸福。
答案：
D
3．解析：
根据下文所提的三个问题可知该段在谈论选择对人生目标的影响，故E项为正确答案，即我们所做的每一个选择让我们更接近或者远离我们的目标。
答案：
E
4．解析：
根据下文可知，无论是日常生活中的小事，还是涉及人生的大事，都离不开选择。
故B项“你每天都不得不做出选择”符合文意。
答案：
B
5.解析：
人生就像一盘棋。
在我们身处的环境下，要尽最大可能走好每一步。
答案：
C
Passage2（2013·海淀期中）
Anycaraccidentisfrightening,butanaccidentinwhichyourvehicleis
thrownintothewater,withyoutrappedinside,isabsolutelyterrifying.__1__However,mostdeathsresultfrompanic,withoutaplanor
understandingwhatishappeningtothecarinthewater.Byadoptingabrace（支撑）position,actingdecisivelyandgettingoutfast，youcansaveyourselffromasinkingvehicle.
Braceyourselfforimpact（撞击力）.Assoonasyou'reawarethatyou'regoingofftheroadandintoabodyofwater,adoptabraceposition.Theimpactcouldsetofftheairbagsysteminyourvehicle,soyoushouldplacebothhandsonthesteeringwheelinthe“tenandtwo”position.
Undoyourseatbelt.__2__Unbucklethechildren,startingwiththeoldestfirst.Forgetthecellphonecall.Yourcarisn'tgoingtowaitforyoutomakethecall.
__3__Leavethedooraloneatthisstageandconcentrateonthewindow.Acar'selectricalsystemshouldworkforuptothreeminutesinwater,sotrythemethodofopeningitelectronicallyfirst.Manypeopledon'tthinkaboutthewindowasanescapeoptioneitherbecauseofpanicormisinformationaboutdoorsandsinking.
Breakthewindow.Ifyouaren'tabletoopenthewindow,oritonlyopenshalfway,you'llneedtobreakitwithanobjectoryourfoot.Itmayfeelcounterintuitive（有悖常理的）toletwaterintothecar.__4__
Escapewhenthecarhasequalized.Ifithasreachedthedramaticstagewherethecarcabinhasbeenfilledwithwaterandithasbecomebalanced,youmustmovequicklyandeffectivelytoensureyoursurvival.__5__Whilethereisstillairinthecar,takeslow,deepbreathsandfocusonwhatyou'redoing.
A．Openthewindowassoonasyouhitthewater.
B．Survivingasinkingcarisnotasdifficultasyouthink.
C．Ittakes60to120secondsforacartofillupwithwaterusually.
D．Suchaccidentsareparticularlydangeroustotheriskofdrowning.
E．Inconclusion,ifyouknowwhattodointhewater,youwillbesafe.
F．Thisisthefirstthingtoattendto,yetitoftengetsforgotteninthepanic.
G.Butthesoonerthewindowisopen,thesooneryoucanescapedirectlythroughit.
解读：
本文为说明文，主要介绍了当遇到汽车掉入水中时，人们应该如何应对。
1．解析：
空格前的“anaccidentinwhichyourvehicleisthrownintothewater”与D项中的“Suchaccidents”对应，而空格处句子与空格后一句为转折关系，故选择D项。
答案：
D
2．解析：
空格前句“Undoyourseatbelt.”与F项中的“Thisisthefirstthingtoattendto”对应，故选择F项。
答案：
F
3．解析：
根据本段中的“concentrateonthewindow”和“Manypeopledon'tthinkaboutthewindowasanescapeoptioneitherbecauseofpanic...”可知选择A项。
答案：
A
4．解析：
首先空格前句与空格处为转折关系，本段仍旧围绕“window”进行阐述，G项所表达的意思为打开窗户逃生，与本段主旨一致，故选择G项。
答案：
G
5．解析：
空格前的“carcabinhasbeenfilled_with_water”与C项中的“fillupwithwater”对应，而C项所表达的意思也与空格后的“Whilethereisstillairinthecar”相关联，故此题选择C项。
答案：
C
Passage3（2013·辽宁五校）
ThereisanEnglishsaying：
“__1__”Untilrecently,fewpeopletookthesayingseriously.Now,however,doctorshavebeguntolookintolaughterandtheeffectsithasonthehumanbody.__2__
Testswerecarriedouttostudytheeffectsoflaughteronthebody.Peoplewatchedfu
升级会员 