最新大学英语四级模拟题及答案之七.docx
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最新大学英语四级模拟题及答案之七
2014年最新大学英语四级模拟题及答案之七
PartIWriting(30minutes)
Net-surfing——AreYouReady?
PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)
Directions:
Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.
Forquestions1-7,mark
Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;
N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;
NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.
Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.
TheTroubleWithTelevision
Itisdifficulttoescapetheinfluenceoftelevision.Ifyoufitthestatisticalaverages,bytheageof20youwillhavebeenexposedtoatleast20,000hoursoftelevision.Youcanadd10,000hoursforeachdecadeyouhavelivedaftertheageof20.TheonlythingsAmericansdomorethanwatchtelevisionareworkandsleep.
Calculateforamomentwhatcouldbedonewithevenapartofthosehours.Fivethousandhours,Iamtold,arewhatatypicalcollegeundergraduatespendsworkingonabachelor'sdegree.In10,000hoursyoucouldhavelearnedenoughtobecomeanastronomerorengineer.Youcouldhavelearnedseverallanguagesfluently.Ifitappealedtoyou,youcouldbereadingHomerintheoriginalGreekorDostoyevskyinRussian.Ifitdidn't,youcouldhavewalkedaroundtheworldandwrittenabookaboutit.
Thetroublewithtelevisionisthatitdiscouragesconcentration.Almostanythinginterestingandrewardinginliferequiressomeconstructive,consistentlyappliedeffort.Thedullest,theleastgiftedofuscanachievethingsthatseemmiraculoustothosewhoneverconcentrateonanything.ButTelevisionencouragesustoapplynoeffort.Itsellsusinstantgratification(满意).Itdivertsusonlytodivert,tomakethetimepasswithoutpain.
Television'svarietybecomesanarcotic(麻醉的),norastimulus.Itsserial,kaleidoscopic(万花筒般的)exposuresforceustofollowitslead.Theviewerisonaperpetualguidedtour:
30minutesatthemuseum,30atthecathedral,30foradrink,thenbackonthebustothenextattraction—exceptontelevision.,typically,thespansallottedarcontheorderofminutesorseconds,andthechosendelightsaremoreoftencarcrashesandpeoplekillingoneanother.Inshort,alotoftelevisionusurps(篡夺;侵占)oneofthemostpreciousofallhumangifts,theabilitytofocusyourattentionyourself,ratherthanjustpassivelysurrenderit.
Capturingyourattention—andholdingit—istheprimemotiveofmosttelevisionprogrammingandenhancesitsroleasaprofitableadvertisingvehicle.Programmersliveinconstantfearoflosinganyone'sattention—anyone's.Thesurestwaytoavoiddoingsoistokeepeverythingbrief,nottostraintheattentionofanyonebutinsteadtoprovideconstantstimulationthroughvariety,novelty,actionandmovement.Quitesimply,televisionoperatesontheappealtotheshortattentionspan.
Itissimplytheeasiestwayout.Butithascometoberegardedasagiven,asinherentinthemediumitself;asanimperative,asthoughGeneralSarnoff,oroneoftheotheraugustpioneersofvideo,hadbequeathed(遗留;传于)toustabletsofstonecommandingthatnothingintelevisionshalleverrequiremorethanafewmoments'Concentration.
Initsplacethatisfine.Whocanquarrelwithamediumthatsobrilliantlypackagesescapistentertainmentasamass-marketingtool?
ButIseeitsvaluesnowpervadingthisnationanditslife.Ithasbecomefashionabletothinkthat,likefastfood,fastideasarethewaytogettoafast-moving,impatientpublic.
Inthecaseofnews,thispractice,inmyview,resultsininefficientcommunication.Iquestionhowmuchoftelevision'snightlynewseffortisreallyabsorbableandunderstandable.Muchofitiswhathasbeenaptlydescribedas"machine-gunningwithscraps."Ithinkthetechniquefightscoherence.Ithinkittendstomakethingsultimatelyboring(unlesstheyareaccompaniedbyhorrifyingpictures)becausealmostanythingisboringifyouknowalmostnothingaboutit.
IbelievethatTV'sappealtotheshortattentionspanisnotonlyinefficientcommunicationbutdecivilizingaswell.Considerthecasualassumptionsthattelevisiontendstocultivate:
thatcomplexitymustbeavoided,thatvisualstimulationisasubstituteforthought,thatverbalprecisionisananachronism.Itmaybeold-fashioned,butIwastaughtthatthoughtiswords,arrangedingrammaticallyprecise.
Thereisacrisisofliteracyinthiscountry.Onestudyestimatesthatsome30millionadultAmericansare"functionallyilliterate"andcannotreadorwritewellenoughtoanswerthewantadorunderstandtheinstructionsonamedicinebottle.
Literacymaynotbeaninalienablehumanright,butitisonethatthehighlyliterateFoundingFathersmightnothavefoundunreasonableorevenunattainable.Wearenotonlynotattainingitasanation,statisticallyspeaking,butwearefallingfurtherandfurthershortofattainingit.And,whileIwouldnotbesosimplisticastosuggestthattelevisionisthecause,Ibelieveitcontributesandisaninfluence.
Everythingaboutthisnation—thestructureofthesociety,itsformsoffamilyorganization,itseconomy,itsplaceintheworld—hasbecomemorecomplex,notless.Yetitsdominatingcommunicationsinstrument,itsprincipalformofnationallinkage,isonethatsellsneatresolutionstohumanproblemsthatusuallyhavenoneatresolutions.Itisallsymbolizedinmymindbythehugelysuccessfulartformthattelevisionhasmadecentraltotheculture,the30-secondcommercial:
thetinydramaoftheearnesthousewifewhofindshappinessinchoosingtherighttoothpaste.
Whenbeforeinhumanhistoryhassomuchhumanitycollectivelysurrenderedsomuchofitsleisuretoonetoy,onemassdiversion?
Whenbeforehasvirtuallyanentirenationsurrendereditselfwholesaletoamediumforselling?
SomeyearsagoYaleUniversitylawprofessorCharlesL.Black.Jr.,wrote:
"...forcedfeedingontrivialfareisnotitselfatrivialmatter-"Ithinkthissocietyisbeingforced-fedwithtrivialfare,andIfearthattheeffectsonourhabitsofmind,ourlanguage,ourtoleranceforeffort,andourappetiteforcomplexityareonlydimlyperceived.IfIamwrong,wewillhavedonenoharmtolookattheissueskepticallyandcritically,toconsiderhowweshouldberesidingit.Ihopeyouwilljoinwithmeindoingso.
1.InAmericapeopledosleepingandwatchingtelevisionsmorethananythingelse.
2.FromthepassageweknowthetimeanaverageAmericanspendsonwatchingTVcouldhavemadethepersonlearntobecomeanastronomerorengineer.
3.ThetroublewithTVisthatitdistractspeople’sattentionandencouragesthemtomakenoeffortstowardtheirlife.
4.TVprogrammersbasethisoperationontheattractionoflong-spanattentionofaudiences.
5.AccordingtotheauthortheimpropertelevisionoperationinAmericansocietywillbelikelytomakethingseventuallyboring.
6.AmericanswillfaceaseriousproblemofilliteracyduetothenegativeimpactofTV.
7.InAmericansocietyliteracyisacertainrightthatcannotbedeprived.
PartⅢListeningComprehension(35minutes)
SectionA
Directions:
Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
11.A)Twoblocks.B)Fiveblocks.
C)Threeblocks.D)Fourblocks.
12.A)Hesuggeststhatshebuythesweaterinanothercolor.
B)Hesuggeststhatshebuyajacketinsteadofthesweater.
C)Hesuggeststhatshebuythesweateratitsoriginalprice.
D)HesuggeststhatshebuythesweateronFriday.
13.A)Itwascleaned.
B)Therewasalargesale.
C)Theemployeeshadtoworkverylate.
D)Therewasarobbery.
14.A)Beabadboy.B)Eattoofast.
C)Gotoagame.D)Skiphislunch.
15.A)Asalesman.B)Atelephonerepairman.
C)Aplumber.D)Anelectrician.
16.A)Shedidn’tunderstandwhatEvawassaying.
B)Evashouldhavebeenmoreactive.
C)Evadidn’tseemtobenervousatallduringherpresentation.
D)Evaneedstraininginpublicspeakinglessons.
17.A)Whethertochangehisjob.
B)Askingforahighersalary.
C)Acceptinganewsecretary.
D)Gettingabetterposition.
18.A)Hecouldhelpherwiththeproblems.
B)Hecouldgoouttogetherwithher.
C)Sheshouldgooutforawhile.
D)Sheshoulddotheproblemsherself.
Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
19.A)Inanapartmentcomplex.
B)Inahotel.
C)Atafriend’shouse.
D)Hejustarrivedtodayanddoesnothaveaplacetosleepyet.
20.A)Thesizedoesnotmattertohim.
B)Heneedsaplacewithtwobedrooms.
C)Hejustwantstoshareaplacewithotherstudents.
D)Heneedsaverylargeapartment.
21.A)Proximitytotheuniversity.
B)Benefitsthathiswifeandchildwouldenjoy.
C)Cost.
D)Size.
22.A)Lackofairconditioning.
B)Distancefromtheuniversity.
C)Cost.
D)Lackoflaundryfacilitiescloseby.
Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
23.A)Itneedscleaning.
B)Itneedsregularservicing.
C)Itneedsanewbattery.
D)Itwasruinedbywater.
24.A)$3.99.B)$5.50.C)$6.99.D)$9.50.
25.A)Theshopguaranteesthebatteryforayear.
B)Themanwil