高考英语阅读理解专项训练文化类.docx

高考英语阅读理解专项训练文化类.docx

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高考英语阅读理解专项训练文化类

2009年高考英语阅读理解专项训练——文化类

（1）

AcharacteristicofAmericanculturethathasbecomealmostatraditionistorespecttheself-mademan—themanwhohasrisentothetopthroughhisownefforts,usuallybeginningbyworkingwithhishands.Whiletheleaderinbusinessorindustryorthecollegeprofessoroccupiesahighersocialpositionandcommandsgreaterrespectinthecommunitythanthecommonlaboreroreventheskilledfactoryworker,hemaytakepainstopointoutthathisfatherstartedlifeinAmericaasafarmerorlaborerofsomesort.

Thisattitudetowardmanual（体力的）laborisnowstillseeninmanyaspectsofAmericanlife.Oneisinvitedtodinneratahomethatisnotonlycomfortablybutevenluxuriously（豪华地）furnishedandinwhichthereiseveryevidenceofthefactthatthefamilyhasbeenabletoaffordforeigntravel,expensivehobbies,andcollegeeducationforthechildren;yetthehostessprobablywillcookthedinnerherself,willserveitherselfandwillwashdishesafterward,furthermorethedinnerwillnotconsistmerelyofsomethingquicklyandeasilyassembledfromcontentsofvariouscansandacakeorapieboughtatthenearbybakery.Onthecontrary,thehostessusuallytakesprideincarefulpreparationofspecialdishes.Aprofessionalmanmaytalkaboutwashingthecar,digginginhisflowerbeds,paintingthehouse.Hiswifemayevenhelpwiththesethings,justasheoftenhelpsherwiththedishwashing.Thesonwhoisawayatcollegemaywaitontableandwashdishesforhisliving,orduringthesummerhemayworkwithaconstructiongangonahighwayinordertopayforhiseducation.

1.Fromparagraph1,wecanknowthatinAmerica_________.

A.peopletendtohaveahighopinionoftheself-mademan

B.peoplecanalwaysrisetothetopthroughtheirwonefforts

C.collegeprofessorswingreatrespectfromcommonworkers

C.peoplefeelpainfultomentiontheirfathersaslabors.

2.Accordingtothepassage,thehostesscooksdinnerherselfmainlybecause_________.

A.servantsinAmericanarehardtoget

B.shetakesprideinwhatshecandoherself

C.shecanhardlyaffordservants

D.Itiseasytoprepareamealwithcannedfood

3.Theexpression“waitontable”inthesecondparagraphmeans“_________”.

A.workinafurnitureshopB.keepaccountsforabar

C.waittolaythetableD.servecustomersinarestaurant

4.Whichofthefollowingmayserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.ARespectableSelf-madeFamilyB.AmericanAttitudetowardManualLabor

C.CharacteristicsofAmericanCultureD.TheDevelopmentofManualLabor

【答案解析】

本文介绍了崇尚自我奋斗，尊重体力劳动的美国文化。

1.A。

细节题。

根据AcharacteristicofAmericanculturethathasbecomealmostatraditionistorespecttheself-mademade我们可以了解到，“崇尚自我奋斗”是美国文化的特点。

2.B。

推断题。

根据Thisattitudetowardmanual（体力的）laborisnowstillseeninmanyaspectsofAmericanlife.（在美国生活的方方面面，尊重体力劳动态度的现象仍然随处可见），可以推断女主人亲自下厨，是因为她以能做这样的体力活而自豪。

3.D。

词义猜测题。

waitontable意为“服务顾客”，注意其后的washingdishes也有一定的暗示意义，故答案为D。

4.B。

主旨题。

纵观全文，文章主要讲了美国崇尚自我奋斗，尊重体力劳动的文化习惯。

故答案为B。

（2）

Achildwhohasoncebeenpleasedwithatalelikes,asarule,tohaveitretoldinalmostthesamewords,butthisshouldnotleadparentstotreatprintedfairystoriesasformaltexts.Itisalwaysmuchbettertotellastorythanreaditoutofabook,and,ifaparentcanproducewhat,intheactualsituationofthetimeandthechild,isanimprovementontheprintedtext,somuchthebetter.

Achargemadeagainstfairytalesisthattheyharmthechildbyfrighteninghimormakinghimsadthinking.Toprovethelatter,onewouldhavetoshowinacontrolledexperimentthatchildrenwhohavereadfairystoriesweremoreoftensorryforcrueltythanthosewhohadnot.Astofears,thereare,Ithink,somecasesofchildrenbeingdangerouslyterrifiedbysomefairystory.Often,however,thisarises（出现）fromthechildhavingheardthestoryonce.Familiaritywiththestorybyrepetitionturnsthepainoffearintothepleasureofafearfacedandmastered.

Therearealsopeoplewhoobjecttofairystoriesonthegroundsthattheyarenotobjectivelytrue,thatgiants,witches,two-headeddragons,magiccarpets,etc.donotexist;andthat,insteadofbeingfondofthestrangesideinfairytales,thechildshouldbetaughttolearntherealitybystudyinghistory.Ifindsuchpeople,Imustsaysopeculiar（奇怪的）thatIdonotknowhowtoarguewiththem.Iftheircaseweresound,theworldshouldbefullofmadmenattemptingtoflyfromNewYorktoPhiladelphiaonastickorcoveringatelephonewithkissesinthebeliefthatitwastheirbelovedgirl-friend.

Nofairystoryeverdeclaredtobeadescriptionoftherealworldandnocleverchildhaseverbelievedthatitwas.

1.Theauthorconsidersthatafairystoryismoreeffectivewhenitis_______.

A.repeatedwithoutanychangeB.treatedasajoke

C.madesomech