外国文学作品《儿子与情人》论文定稿学位论文.docx

外国文学作品《儿子与情人》论文定稿学位论文.docx

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外国文学作品《儿子与情人》论文定稿学位论文

毕业设计[论文]

题目：

AnAnalysisofPaul’sOedipusComplexInSonsAndLoversfromthePerspectiveofFreud’sPersonalityStructureTheory

学院：

专业名称：

学号：

学生姓名：

指导教师：

2016年03月21日

Acknowledgments

ThereareafewpeopleIwishtothankforthehelpandsupporttheygavemewhileworkingonthisstudy.Firstly,IwouldliketothankProf.CaoDongxia,mysupervisor,forherprecioushelpandforherencouragementthroughouttheperiodIwaswritingthispaper.

MynextthanksgotoallofthetutorsofthecoursewhoofferedmetheirhelpwheneverIneedit.

SpecialthanksgotoMrs.ZouQiong,whosewordsofencouragementmotivatedmetocompletionofmygoal.Myfriend,HuLingalsogaveverbalsupporttocompletionofthisproject.

Lastbutnotleast,agreat“thankyou”tomyparentsfortheirloveandfinancialandemotionalsupportwithoutwhichIwouldnotbeabletocompletemystudiesandwritethispaper.

摘要

D.H.劳伦斯是二十世纪最独特和最受争议的小说家之一。

他思想细腻，大胆且深邃，往往触及到人的的内心深处。

他在他的代表作《儿子与情人》中生动细致的描绘的自己从儿童到青年的成长经历。

这部小说发表至今，一些学者已经从不同的角度对其进行研究：

小说中人物的悲剧成因；小说中的女性主义和生态主义等，并且取得了不错的成就。

从古至今，俄狄浦斯情结在世界范围内都是一个引人热议的话题。

一些学者认为有着良好的家庭、社会环境里健康成长的孩子是不大可能出现错综复杂的畸形感情的，即俄狄浦斯情结。

也有一些专家认为恋母情结是一种普遍存在的现象。

总之，对恋母情结的探讨并没有得出确切的结论。

基于各界专家们的观点，本文将通过弗洛伊德的人格结构理论来分析劳伦斯的《儿子与情人》中保罗的恋母情结。

从人格结构理论的本我、自我和超三个方面来分析保罗从幼儿到青年到成年，这一步步恋母情结的发展及体现。

从这些方面来研究保罗的恋母情结是非常必要的，并且对我们现代的家庭教育也具有重大的意义。

本论文一共由六章组成，第一章是引言部分；第二章是理论部分，分别介绍了弗洛伊德的人格结构理论和俄狄浦斯情结：

第三章是关于劳伦斯及其作品的国内外文献综述。

第四、第五章是论文的主体部分。

第四章通过保罗成长的三个阶段介绍他恋母情结的形成与体现：

莫瑞尔夫妇对少儿时保罗的影响；青年时的保罗处在与米莉安和克拉克两段畸爱间的挣扎；成年后的保罗在母亲病逝之后寻求精神的独立。

第五章是用弗洛伊德的人格结构理论的本我、自我和超我三部分来分析保罗恋母情结的形成与体现：

本我与超我之间的斗争--莫瑞尔夫妇之间的冲突对少儿时保罗的影响；自我的调节功能的失衡--保罗与米莉安和克拉克之间的畸恋；对超我的追寻--成年的保罗在莫瑞尔太太病逝后寻找精神上的释放。

最后，第六章是对论文的总结，警惕我们良好的家庭环境和正确的家庭教育对健全人格形成的重要性。

关键词：

人格结构理论;恋母情结;本我;自我;超我

ABSTRACT

D.H.Lawrenceisoneofthemostuniqueandcontroversialnovelistsin20thcentury.Histhoughtsareexquisite,boldanddeep,andheoftenreacheddeepintopeople’sinnerhearts.HevividlydescribedhisowngrowingexperiencefromchildhoodtoyouthlifeinhismasterpieceSonsandLovers.Fromthepublishingofthenovel,ithasbeenstudiedfrom different angles by some scholars,suchasthecausesofthetragiccharacters,thefeminisminthenovelandtheecologism,andhaveachievedgoodresults.Historically,Oedipuscomplexisaheattopicconcernedbyallovertheworld.Somescholarsbelievethatchildreneducatedingoodandhealthyfamilyandsocialenvironmentareimpossibletohavedistortedfeelings,namelyOedipuscomplex.TherearealsosomeexpertsthinkOedipuscomplexis a common phenomenon.Inaword,thediscussionofOedipuscomplexhasn’tdrawanexactconclusion.Therefore,basedonthepointsofscholars,thisthesiswilldiscussOedipuscomplexofPaul’sfromtheperspectiveofFred’sPersonalityStructureTheorywhichisverynecessaryandisofgreatsignificancetoourmodernfamilyeducation.

Thethesisiscomposedofsixchapters.ChapterOneistheintroduction,brieflyintroducingD.H.Lawrence,hisworkSonsandLoversandthepurpose.ChapterTwoisthetheorypart,introducingFreud’sPersonalityStructureTheoryandOedipuscomplex;ChapterThreeisliteraturereviewofLawrenceandhisworksbothathomeandabroad.ChapterFourandChapterFivearethemainbodyofthethesis.ChapterFourintroducestheembodimentanddevelopmentofPaul’s

Oedipuscomplexthroughhisthreestagesofgrowth:

whenPaulwasachild,Morels’conflictionhasgreatinfluenceonhim;whenPaulwasayoungman,hewasstrugglinginabnormallovebetweenMiriamandClara;whenPaulwasanadult,hebegantoseekthespiritindependenceafterhismotherdied.TheChapterFiveusesFreud'spersonalitystructuretheory--id,egoandsuperegotoanalyzePaul'sOedipuscomplex:

theconflictbetweenidandsuperego-theeffectonMorels’conflictionwhenPaulwasachild;unbalancefunctionofego,PaulwascaughtinabnormallovebetweenMiriamandClarawhenhewasyoung;thepursuitofthesuperego:

PaulsoughtspiritualreleaseafterMrs.Moreldiedwhenhewasanadult.Finally,ChapterSixthisaconclusion,emphasizestheimportanceofgoodfamilyenvironmentandcorrectfamilyeducationfortheformationofasoundpersonality.

Keywords:

Personality Structure Theory, Oedipus complex,id,ego,superego

Contents

Acknowledgments……………………………………………………....................i

AbstractinChinese……………….......................................................................ii

AbstractinEnglish...............................................................................................iii

1.Introduction.........................................................................................................1

2.TheoreticalBasis..................................................................................................2

2.1ABriefIntroductionofFreud’sPersonalityStructureTheory........................2

2.2ABriefIntroductionofOedipusComplex......................................................3

3.LiteratureReviewofSonsandLovers...............................................................4

3.1Domesticreview.............................................................................................4

3.2Foreignreview................................................................................................5

4.TheProgressofPaul’sOedipusComplexinSonsandLovers........................6

4.1Morels’influenceonlittlePaul...................................................................6

4.2YoungPaul’sstrugglingloveaffairswithMiriamandClara.........................7

4.3Grown-upPaul’spursuitsofspiritualindependenceafterMrs.Morel’sdeath

5.AnalysisofPaul’sOedipusComplexinSonsandLovers...............................9

5.1Thebattlebetweenidandsuperego--Paul’schildhoodinfluencebyunambitiousMr.MorelandpossessiveMrs.Morel................................................9

5.2Theimbalanceofego--theabnormallovebetweenMiriamandClara.......11

5.3Thepursueforsuperego--thereleaseinspiritualafterthedeathofMrs.Morel......................................................................................................................12

6.Conclusion.........................................................................................................14

Bibliography..........................................................................................................15

1.Introduction

D.H.Lawrencewasborninaminer'sfamily.Hisfatherwasaminerandhadlittleeducation,whilehismotherwasborninaupperclassfamilyandhadagoodculturalcultivation.Basedonthesedifferences,hisparentsoftenquarreled.However,thesedifferencesmadeLawrencehaverichsocialexperiencefromHisfatherandgetexcessivecarefromhismother.Maybe,itishismotherfondnessthatmadeLawrencehaveseriousOedipuscomplex.Therefore,SonsandLoversisasemi-autobiographicalnovelofLawrence.Inhislettertohisfriend,hesaid:

"weloveeachother,almostlikethelovebetweenhusbandandwife,butalsothemotherandson.Weareawhole,sosensitivetoeachother,andwedonotneedlanguage.Thisisterrible,Iamabnormalinsomeaspects."

Inthenovel,Paul'sparents,MrsMorelandMrMorel,metatadance,theylovedeachotheratfirstsight,andhadasweet,happydayattheearlystageofmarriage.Hisfather,MrMorel,isamuddleofcoalmineworkers,booze,vulgar,oftenhasnoregardofhomeandchildren.Hismother,MrsMorel,wasborninamiddle-class,well-educated,andbroodedonmarryinganordinaryminer.Thereforethecoupleduetothedifferentbackground,personalityclashes,differentspiritofthepursuit,startedtohaveendlesswranglingafterashortpassion.Thereareonlythecombinationofphysicalitybetweenthecoupleinthenovel,butnotthespiritofcommunication,thesouloftheresonance.Thefailureofthemarriageandthedespairofherhusband,Mrs.Morelgraduallyputhertime,energyandallhopeonherson,Paul.Astimespassed,herwordsanddeedsdeeplyaffectedthegrowthofchildren.Atlast,astrugglingofsoulandfleshbetweenmotherandsonproduced,namelyOedipuscomplex.ItwasOedipuscomplexthatmadePaullosttheharmonyofsenseandsensibility,andlostthebalancebetweenidandsuperego.SoPaul'sfeelingscouldn'tdevelopandhispersonalityisnotperfectandmature,whichleadstothetragedyofhisalllife.

ThisthesiswillfromthethreeaspectsofFreud’spersonalitystructuretheory,id,egoandsuperegotoanalyzetheembodimentanddevelopmentofPaul'sOedipuscomplexfromhisgrowthofkindergartentoyouthtoadult.bydiscussingtherelationshipamongPaul,hismotherandhistwolovers.

2.TheoreticalBasis

2.1ABriefintroductionofFreud’sPersonalityStructureTheory,id,egoandsuperego

InFreud'stheory,personalityisregardedasapsychologicalmechanismfrominternalcontrolbehavior,whichdeterminesthebehaviorofapersoninanygivensituation.Freudbelievesthatthecompletepersonalitystructureconsistsofthreeparts,namely,id,egoandsuperego.Allthreecomponentsneedtobewell-balancedinordertohavegoodamountofpsychologicalenergyavailableandtohavereasonablementalhealth.

Theidfollowsthe"pleasureprinciple".Itistheprimitiveandinstinctivecomponentofpersonality.Itconsistsofalltheinherited（i.e.biological）componentsofpersonality,includingthesex（life）instinct– Eros （whichcontainsthelibido）,andtheaggressive（death）instinct- Thanatos.Theidistheimpulsive（and unconscious）partofourpsychewhichrespondsdirectlyandimmediatelytotheinstincts.Thepersonalityofthenewbornchildisallida