英语教案必修4 Unit 2 Sporting events Word study.docx
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英语教案必修4Unit2SportingeventsWordstudy
1、honor:
(un.)名誉、面子、荣耀
achieve/gain/winhonor:
获得荣誉;deserveanhonor:
应得某荣誉
saveone’shonor:
保全自己的面子
e.g.Wewillfightforthehonorofourcountry.
MygrandfatherwonhonorintheAnti-JapaneseWar
(cn.):
(争)光荣的人或物(to…:
对于……)
e.g.Mysonisanhonortomyfamily.
Ourmonitorisanhonortoourclass.
Itisanhonor(forsb.)todosth.:
(某人)做某事感到光荣、荣耀
e.g.It’sanhonorformetobeinvitedtospeaktoyou.
Itisagreathonortoreceivethereward/prize.
dosb.thehonorofdoingsth/todosth.:
请屈驾……
e.g.Wouldyoupleasedomethehonorofdancingwithme?
Willyoudomethehonortocomefordinnerthisevening?
havethehonor(of…/todo…):
有幸、荣幸地……
e.g.Todaywehavethehonorofrepresentingourschooltotakepartintheevent.
MayIhavethehonorofyourcompanyatdinner?
inhonorof…:
为纪念、为表敬意
e.g.Wewillsetupamonumentinhonorofthegeneral.
vt.给某人予荣誉
e.g.Wouldyouhonorusbyvisitingus/withavisit?
Theheadmasterhonoredusbycomingtoourparty.
honorable:
可敬的、值得尊敬的,高尚的、光荣的
e.g.anhonorabledeed:
高尚的行为;anhonorableman:
一个高尚的人
dieanhonorabledeath:
光荣献身;comefromanhonorablefamily:
出身名门
2、delight:
n.(u.)欣喜、喜悦,(c.)嗜好、赏心乐事
e.g.Ireadyourletterwithdelight.
Toourdelight,shepassedthetestatlast.
Readingnovelsisadelightofme.
Herdancingisadelighttowatch.
takedelightin…:
乐于、嗜好……
e.g.ItakegreatdelightinplayingpokerontheInternet.
Mostboystakedelightinplayingfootball.
toone’sdelight:
使某人高兴的是
e.g.Tomydelight,everyonecametomyhelp.
delighted:
欣喜的、高兴的,
bedelightedat/with/by...
e.g.I’mverymuchdelightedwiththeresultoftheexam.
bedelightedtodo…
e.g.ThePresidentwasdelightedtoaccepttheinvitationthathewouldvisitChinathenextyear.
bedelightedthat…
e.g.Themotherwasdelightedthatherchildrenallreturnedsafely.
delight:
vt.使某人高兴
e.g.Thesweetmusicdelightedeveryonepresent.
Heoftendelightshischildrenwithmagic.
3、compete:
vi.竞争、比赛
competeforsth.:
为争夺……而比赛;competewith/against…:
与……一争高低
competeinsth.:
参加……比赛
e.g.Twentyathletescompetedforthreegoldmedals.
Sheisgoingtocompeteagainst/withheroldrivalsinthe200-meterdash.
Allthesecountriescompetedinthetradeinoil.
competition:
n.:
(u.)竞赛、角逐,(c.)比赛、赛会=contest
enteracompetition:
参加比赛;holda…competition:
举办……比赛;
beincompetitionwithsb.:
与某人竞赛、角逐
e.g.Theywereincompetitionwitheachotherfortherichprize.
Competitionamongtheyouthstoenterthebestcollegesisintense.
competitive:
竞争的、竞争性的
e.g.Students’lifeisfullofcompetitiveexaminations.
Shehasacompetitivespirit.
competitor:
竞赛者、竞争对手
e.g.Allthecompetitorsweregettingreadyforthefinalrace.
4、separate:
vt.分离、分开、隔离,separateAfromB
e.g.Weseparatethegoodonesfromthebadones.
TheEnglishChannelseparatesEnglandfrommainlandofEurope.
vi.分手、分居
e.g.Wedidn’tseparateuntilmiddlenight.
IhearthatMr.AndMrs.Smithhaveseparated.
getseparated:
走散了
e.g.Hegotseparatedfromhisfriendsinthecrowd.
5、light:
n.灯、光
e.g.Threelightshangfromtheceiling.
Thereisnolightinhisroom,sohemusthavegonetobed.
adj.明亮的、轻的(与heavy对应),淡的、浅(颜色)的(与dark对应)
e.g.Myroomisverylight
Hernewdressislightred,whichsuitsherskinverymuch.
Afeatherisratherlightwhileastoneisheavy
vt.:
点火(lighted,lighted;lit,lit)
e.g.Helightedacigarandbegantosmoke.
注:
lighted与lit:
作定语用时,用lighted,表被动时,用lit,作动词用时,可互用。
e.g.Theteachercameinwithalightedlampinhishand.
Ourfaceswerelit(up)bythefire.
Thebigfirelit/lighteduphalfthecity
6、absence:
n.不在、缺席、缺少presence
e.g.Duringmyabsence,heateupallthefruitleftinthefridge.
Afteranabsenceoftenyears,IcamebackwhereIwasbroughtup.
Absenceofraincausedtheplantstodie.
inaperson’sabsence:
某人不在(外出)时、背地里
e.g.Ihopeallofyouwillkeepgooddisciplineinmyabsence.
It’snotpolitetospeakillofapersoninhisabsence.
intheabsenceof…:
(人)不在时、缺少……
e.g.Manwilldieintheabsenceofair.
Weallwonderedhowhesurvivedintheabsenceoffoodandwaterforsolong.
absenceofmind:
心不在焉
absent:
adj.不在场的、缺席的(与present对应);无……、茫然的
e.g.—Isanybodyabsenttoday?
—No,everyoneishere.
I’llbeabsentfromhomeforaweek.Willyoukeepaneyeonmyhouse?
Rainisabsentinthedesert.
Therewasanabsentlookonhisface.
absent-minded:
adj.心不在焉的;absent-mindedly:
adv.心不在焉地
vt.absentoneselffrom…:
没参加/出席……(含有故意缺席之意)
e.g.Sheabsentedherselffromthemeeting.
7、excite:
vt.使(人)兴奋、刺激,sb./sth.excitesb.;引起……
e.g.Thegoodnewsexcitedeveryonepresent.
Thestoryexcitedmeverymuch.
Thesadscenewouldexcitethehardestmantopity.
Thenewclueexcitedourinterestinthematter.
excited:
兴奋的、高兴的,be/feelexcitedat…
e.g.Weareexcitedatthegoodnews.
Theexcitedexpressiononherfacesuggestedthatshehadpassedtheexam.
excitement:
n.兴奋、激动,inexcitement=excitedly:
兴奋地
e.g.Hearingtheresult,shecriedinexcitement.
exciting:
令人兴奋的、令人激动的
e.g.It’sexcitingnews./Theresultisreallyexciting.
8、attempt:
vt.尝试、试图
1)attemptsth.
e.g.Theprisonerattemptedanescapebutfailed.
Heattemptedtheproblemandgaveuphalfway.
2)attemptatdoingsth./todosth
Hemadeanattempttolearntoskateonrealice.
Finallyhefailedinhisattemptinwinningthegame/towinthegame.
Theboyattemptedtosolvetheproblembyhimself.
n.makeanattempttodosth/atdoingsth.:
尝试着做某事
e.g.Shemadenoattempttochangehermethodofstudy.
makeanattempton/upon/against:
企图杀害、攻击……
e.g.makeanattemptonthelifeofthechairman
attempted:
未遂的、意图的
e.g.anattemptedmurder/suicide:
谋杀/自杀未遂
9、retire:
vi./vt.退休、使……退休
e.g.Myfatherretiredfromworkwhenhereached55.
Thebossdecidedtoretirealltheworkerabove55yearsofage.
Publicopinionretiredhimfrompolitics.
retired:
退职的、退休的
e.g.Sheisaretiredteacher.
retirement:
退职、退休
gointoretirement:
退休
retirementfromschool:
从教学岗位上退休
liveinretirement:
过退居生活
10、host:
n.(款待客人的)主人、东道主、(大会的)主持人,女主人、女主持人:
hostess
actashostatthemeeting:
担任会议的主持
e.g.Thehostgreetedusatthegate.
Thehostandhostessservedusfoodanddrinks.
ChinawillbethehostcountryoftheOlympicGamesin2008.
11、post:
n.邮政、邮件
e.g.Isentheracardbypost.
Isthereanypostformetoday?
Themorningposthasn’tarrived.
n.柱子、桩、杠
telephoneposts:
电话杆;agatepost:
门柱
e.g.Heputhiscapontopofthepost.
Heputuppoststomakeafence.
n.职位、岗位
e.g.Myfatherholdsanimportantpostinthegovernment.
Iwanttogetapostasateacherinthatkeyschool.
vt.邮寄
e.g.Wouldyoupleaseposttheletterformethisafternoon?
Motherpostedmeaparcelyesterday.
12.stretch:
vt./vi.:
伸展、延伸、伸出(手、脚)
e.g.Theboystretchedarubberbandtoitsfullextent.
Thematerialstretcheswell.这种材料伸缩性好。
Theboystretchedouthishandsforthemagazine.
Thewoodsstretchedformilestotheriver.
stretchone’slegs:
散步、走几步放松筋骨
e.g.I’dliketostretchmylegsafteraday’swork.
13.role:
角色、职务
aleadingrole:
主角;
play/takeanimportantrolein…:
在……里扮演重要角色
e.g.Hewillplaytheroleofthedoctorintheplay.
Chinaisplayingamoreandmoreimportantroleininternationalaffairs.
Whatrolewilltheactressplay?
14.practise:
vt./vi.练(习)、实习、行/做业务,用“practise(doing)sth”.句式。
e.g.Youhavetopractisethetuneagainandagain.
YoumustpractisespeakingEnglishmore.
Icanguessthatyoudon’tpractiseenough.
Hehaspractisedlawforyears.
practice:
n.练习、习惯做法(不可数),vt./vi.=practise
e.g.Practicemakesperfect.
WithpracticeyouwillspeakEnglishfluently.
It’smypracticetogetupearlyinthemorning.
practical:
实际的、实用的、老练的
practicalknowledge:
实用知识
forallpracticalpurposes:
实际上
apracticalteacher:
经验丰富的教师
practiced:
有经验的,bepracticedin…:
在某方面有经验、熟练
15.ensure:
vt.担保(成功)、保证
1)ensuresth.
e.g.Registrationensuresdeliveryofmails.
Hardworkusuallyensuressuccess.
2)ensuresb.sth.
e.g.Healthydietandproperexercisewillensureyouagoodhealth.
Thisletterofrecommendationwillensureyouajob.
3)ensurethat…:
保证……一事
e.g.Ican’tensurethatyou’llhavethejobforlong.
GetonthebusandIensurethatyou’llhaveaseat.
4)ensure(sb./oneself)against…:
保护某人不受……
e.g.Weshouldensureourselvesagainstpossiblerisks.
Properexercisewillensureoneagainstsomediseases.
16.keep…undercontrol:
控制住、使……处于控制之中
e.g.Soonthepilotkepttheplaneundercontrol.
Agoodteachershouldkeephis/herclassundercontrol.
control:
un.支配、控制
havecontrolof/oversth.:
对……的控制
e.g.Theteacherhasnocontroloftheclass.
Thecaptainhasgotcontroloverthenewfootballteam.
beyondcontrol:
无法掌握、无法控制;incontrolof:
管理、掌握
inthecontrolof:
被……控制、管理losecontrolof:
失去对……的控制
outofcontrol:
不受控制takecontrolof:
控制、管理
undercontrol:
受控制、在控制之中
control:
vt.控制、掌握
e.g.Awisemanwillcontrolhimself.
It’sdifficulttocontrolthepresentsituation.
17.makewayfor:
给……让路/位
e.g.Wemadewayforthelineofchildrenwhentheycame.
Thecarwasoutofcontrolandeveryoneontheroadhadtomakewayforit.
It’spolitetomakewayforthedisabledontheroad.
way的短语:
bytheway:
顺便问一下
e.g.Bytheway,whowillgiveusthetalk?
bywayof:
取道、途经
e.g.TheyflewtoNewYorkbywayofTokyo.
inanyway:
不管怎样、好歹
e.g.Inanyway,thisisaroomandwecanspendthenightinside.
inaway:
在某种程度上
e.g.She,inaway,isateacherofforeignlanguage.
innoway:
绝不
InnowaywillIgiveintohim.
inone’sownway:
以自己的方式
Hesolvedtheprobleminhisownway.
inthe/o