英语教案必修4 Unit 2 Sporting events Word study.docx

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英语教案必修4 Unit 2 Sporting events Word study.docx

英语教案必修4Unit2SportingeventsWordstudy

1、honor:

(un.)名誉、面子、荣耀

achieve/gain/winhonor:

获得荣誉;deserveanhonor:

应得某荣誉

saveone’shonor:

保全自己的面子

e.g.Wewillfightforthehonorofourcountry.

MygrandfatherwonhonorintheAnti-JapaneseWar

(cn.):

(争)光荣的人或物(to…:

对于……)

e.g.Mysonisanhonortomyfamily.

Ourmonitorisanhonortoourclass.

Itisanhonor(forsb.)todosth.:

(某人)做某事感到光荣、荣耀

e.g.It’sanhonorformetobeinvitedtospeaktoyou.

Itisagreathonortoreceivethereward/prize.

dosb.thehonorofdoingsth/todosth.:

请屈驾……

e.g.Wouldyoupleasedomethehonorofdancingwithme?

Willyoudomethehonortocomefordinnerthisevening?

havethehonor(of…/todo…):

有幸、荣幸地……

e.g.Todaywehavethehonorofrepresentingourschooltotakepartintheevent.

MayIhavethehonorofyourcompanyatdinner?

inhonorof…:

为纪念、为表敬意

e.g.Wewillsetupamonumentinhonorofthegeneral.

vt.给某人予荣誉

e.g.Wouldyouhonorusbyvisitingus/withavisit?

Theheadmasterhonoredusbycomingtoourparty.

honorable:

可敬的、值得尊敬的,高尚的、光荣的

e.g.anhonorabledeed:

高尚的行为;anhonorableman:

一个高尚的人

dieanhonorabledeath:

光荣献身;comefromanhonorablefamily:

出身名门

2、delight:

n.(u.)欣喜、喜悦,(c.)嗜好、赏心乐事

e.g.Ireadyourletterwithdelight.

Toourdelight,shepassedthetestatlast.

Readingnovelsisadelightofme.

Herdancingisadelighttowatch.

takedelightin…:

乐于、嗜好……

e.g.ItakegreatdelightinplayingpokerontheInternet.

Mostboystakedelightinplayingfootball.

toone’sdelight:

使某人高兴的是

e.g.Tomydelight,everyonecametomyhelp.

delighted:

欣喜的、高兴的,

bedelightedat/with/by...

e.g.I’mverymuchdelightedwiththeresultoftheexam.

bedelightedtodo…

e.g.ThePresidentwasdelightedtoaccepttheinvitationthathewouldvisitChinathenextyear.

bedelightedthat…

e.g.Themotherwasdelightedthatherchildrenallreturnedsafely.

delight:

vt.使某人高兴

e.g.Thesweetmusicdelightedeveryonepresent.

Heoftendelightshischildrenwithmagic.

3、compete:

vi.竞争、比赛

competeforsth.:

为争夺……而比赛;competewith/against…:

与……一争高低

competeinsth.:

参加……比赛

e.g.Twentyathletescompetedforthreegoldmedals.

Sheisgoingtocompeteagainst/withheroldrivalsinthe200-meterdash.

Allthesecountriescompetedinthetradeinoil.

competition:

n.:

(u.)竞赛、角逐,(c.)比赛、赛会=contest

enteracompetition:

参加比赛;holda…competition:

举办……比赛;

beincompetitionwithsb.:

与某人竞赛、角逐

e.g.Theywereincompetitionwitheachotherfortherichprize.

Competitionamongtheyouthstoenterthebestcollegesisintense.

competitive:

竞争的、竞争性的

e.g.Students’lifeisfullofcompetitiveexaminations.

Shehasacompetitivespirit.

competitor:

竞赛者、竞争对手

e.g.Allthecompetitorsweregettingreadyforthefinalrace.

4、separate:

vt.分离、分开、隔离,separateAfromB

e.g.Weseparatethegoodonesfromthebadones.

TheEnglishChannelseparatesEnglandfrommainlandofEurope.

vi.分手、分居

e.g.Wedidn’tseparateuntilmiddlenight.

IhearthatMr.AndMrs.Smithhaveseparated.

getseparated:

走散了

e.g.Hegotseparatedfromhisfriendsinthecrowd.

5、light:

n.灯、光

e.g.Threelightshangfromtheceiling.

Thereisnolightinhisroom,sohemusthavegonetobed.

adj.明亮的、轻的(与heavy对应),淡的、浅(颜色)的(与dark对应)

e.g.Myroomisverylight

Hernewdressislightred,whichsuitsherskinverymuch.

Afeatherisratherlightwhileastoneisheavy

vt.:

点火(lighted,lighted;lit,lit)

e.g.Helightedacigarandbegantosmoke.

注:

lighted与lit:

作定语用时,用lighted,表被动时,用lit,作动词用时,可互用。

e.g.Theteachercameinwithalightedlampinhishand.

Ourfaceswerelit(up)bythefire.

Thebigfirelit/lighteduphalfthecity

6、absence:

n.不在、缺席、缺少presence

e.g.Duringmyabsence,heateupallthefruitleftinthefridge.

Afteranabsenceoftenyears,IcamebackwhereIwasbroughtup.

Absenceofraincausedtheplantstodie.

inaperson’sabsence:

某人不在(外出)时、背地里

e.g.Ihopeallofyouwillkeepgooddisciplineinmyabsence.

It’snotpolitetospeakillofapersoninhisabsence.

intheabsenceof…:

(人)不在时、缺少……

e.g.Manwilldieintheabsenceofair.

Weallwonderedhowhesurvivedintheabsenceoffoodandwaterforsolong.

absenceofmind:

心不在焉

absent:

adj.不在场的、缺席的(与present对应);无……、茫然的

e.g.—Isanybodyabsenttoday?

—No,everyoneishere.

I’llbeabsentfromhomeforaweek.Willyoukeepaneyeonmyhouse?

Rainisabsentinthedesert.

Therewasanabsentlookonhisface.

absent-minded:

adj.心不在焉的;absent-mindedly:

adv.心不在焉地

vt.absentoneselffrom…:

没参加/出席……(含有故意缺席之意)

e.g.Sheabsentedherselffromthemeeting.

7、excite:

vt.使(人)兴奋、刺激,sb./sth.excitesb.;引起……

e.g.Thegoodnewsexcitedeveryonepresent.

Thestoryexcitedmeverymuch.

Thesadscenewouldexcitethehardestmantopity.

Thenewclueexcitedourinterestinthematter.

excited:

兴奋的、高兴的,be/feelexcitedat…

e.g.Weareexcitedatthegoodnews.

Theexcitedexpressiononherfacesuggestedthatshehadpassedtheexam.

excitement:

n.兴奋、激动,inexcitement=excitedly:

兴奋地

e.g.Hearingtheresult,shecriedinexcitement.

exciting:

令人兴奋的、令人激动的

e.g.It’sexcitingnews./Theresultisreallyexciting.

8、attempt:

vt.尝试、试图

1)attemptsth.

e.g.Theprisonerattemptedanescapebutfailed.

Heattemptedtheproblemandgaveuphalfway.

2)attemptatdoingsth./todosth

Hemadeanattempttolearntoskateonrealice.

Finallyhefailedinhisattemptinwinningthegame/towinthegame.

Theboyattemptedtosolvetheproblembyhimself.

n.makeanattempttodosth/atdoingsth.:

尝试着做某事

e.g.Shemadenoattempttochangehermethodofstudy.

makeanattempton/upon/against:

企图杀害、攻击……

e.g.makeanattemptonthelifeofthechairman

attempted:

未遂的、意图的

e.g.anattemptedmurder/suicide:

谋杀/自杀未遂

9、retire:

vi./vt.退休、使……退休

e.g.Myfatherretiredfromworkwhenhereached55.

Thebossdecidedtoretirealltheworkerabove55yearsofage.

Publicopinionretiredhimfrompolitics.

retired:

退职的、退休的

e.g.Sheisaretiredteacher.

retirement:

退职、退休

gointoretirement:

退休

retirementfromschool:

从教学岗位上退休

liveinretirement:

过退居生活

10、host:

n.(款待客人的)主人、东道主、(大会的)主持人,女主人、女主持人:

hostess

actashostatthemeeting:

担任会议的主持

e.g.Thehostgreetedusatthegate.

Thehostandhostessservedusfoodanddrinks.

ChinawillbethehostcountryoftheOlympicGamesin2008.

11、post:

n.邮政、邮件

e.g.Isentheracardbypost.

Isthereanypostformetoday?

Themorningposthasn’tarrived.

n.柱子、桩、杠

telephoneposts:

电话杆;agatepost:

门柱

e.g.Heputhiscapontopofthepost.

Heputuppoststomakeafence.

n.职位、岗位

e.g.Myfatherholdsanimportantpostinthegovernment.

Iwanttogetapostasateacherinthatkeyschool.

vt.邮寄

e.g.Wouldyoupleaseposttheletterformethisafternoon?

Motherpostedmeaparcelyesterday.

12.stretch:

vt./vi.:

伸展、延伸、伸出(手、脚)

e.g.Theboystretchedarubberbandtoitsfullextent.

Thematerialstretcheswell.这种材料伸缩性好。

Theboystretchedouthishandsforthemagazine.

Thewoodsstretchedformilestotheriver.

stretchone’slegs:

散步、走几步放松筋骨

e.g.I’dliketostretchmylegsafteraday’swork.

13.role:

角色、职务

aleadingrole:

主角;

play/takeanimportantrolein…:

在……里扮演重要角色

e.g.Hewillplaytheroleofthedoctorintheplay.

Chinaisplayingamoreandmoreimportantroleininternationalaffairs.

Whatrolewilltheactressplay?

14.practise:

vt./vi.练(习)、实习、行/做业务,用“practise(doing)sth”.句式。

e.g.Youhavetopractisethetuneagainandagain.

YoumustpractisespeakingEnglishmore.

Icanguessthatyoudon’tpractiseenough.

Hehaspractisedlawforyears.

practice:

n.练习、习惯做法(不可数),vt./vi.=practise

e.g.Practicemakesperfect.

WithpracticeyouwillspeakEnglishfluently.

It’smypracticetogetupearlyinthemorning.

practical:

实际的、实用的、老练的

practicalknowledge:

实用知识

forallpracticalpurposes:

实际上

apracticalteacher:

经验丰富的教师

practiced:

有经验的,bepracticedin…:

在某方面有经验、熟练

15.ensure:

vt.担保(成功)、保证

1)ensuresth.

e.g.Registrationensuresdeliveryofmails.

Hardworkusuallyensuressuccess.

2)ensuresb.sth.

e.g.Healthydietandproperexercisewillensureyouagoodhealth.

Thisletterofrecommendationwillensureyouajob.

3)ensurethat…:

保证……一事

e.g.Ican’tensurethatyou’llhavethejobforlong.

GetonthebusandIensurethatyou’llhaveaseat.

4)ensure(sb./oneself)against…:

保护某人不受……

e.g.Weshouldensureourselvesagainstpossiblerisks.

Properexercisewillensureoneagainstsomediseases.

16.keep…undercontrol:

控制住、使……处于控制之中

e.g.Soonthepilotkepttheplaneundercontrol.

Agoodteachershouldkeephis/herclassundercontrol.

control:

un.支配、控制

havecontrolof/oversth.:

对……的控制

e.g.Theteacherhasnocontroloftheclass.

Thecaptainhasgotcontroloverthenewfootballteam.

beyondcontrol:

无法掌握、无法控制;incontrolof:

管理、掌握

inthecontrolof:

被……控制、管理losecontrolof:

失去对……的控制

outofcontrol:

不受控制takecontrolof:

控制、管理

undercontrol:

受控制、在控制之中

control:

vt.控制、掌握

e.g.Awisemanwillcontrolhimself.

It’sdifficulttocontrolthepresentsituation.

17.makewayfor:

给……让路/位

e.g.Wemadewayforthelineofchildrenwhentheycame.

Thecarwasoutofcontrolandeveryoneontheroadhadtomakewayforit.

It’spolitetomakewayforthedisabledontheroad.

way的短语:

bytheway:

顺便问一下

e.g.Bytheway,whowillgiveusthetalk?

bywayof:

取道、途经

e.g.TheyflewtoNewYorkbywayofTokyo.

inanyway:

不管怎样、好歹

e.g.Inanyway,thisisaroomandwecanspendthenightinside.

inaway:

在某种程度上

e.g.She,inaway,isateacherofforeignlanguage.

innoway:

绝不

InnowaywillIgiveintohim.

inone’sownway:

以自己的方式

Hesolvedtheprobleminhisownway.

inthe/o

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