大学英语四六级 简短问答单项训练 答案.docx

大学英语四六级 简短问答单项训练 答案.docx

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大学英语四六级简短问答单项训练答案

Directions:

Inthispartthereisashortpassagewithsomequestionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinfewestpossiblewords.Youranswermaybeaword,aphrase,orashortsentence.Fewestpossiblewords.Youranswermaybeaword,aphrase,orashortsentence.Writeyouranswersinthespacesprovidedontherightofthepage.

（1）

Sportsisoneoftheworld’slargestindustries,andmostathletesareprofessionalswhoarepaidfortheirefforts.Becauseanathletesucceedsbyachievementonly—notbyeconomicbackgroundorfamilyconnections—sportscanbeafastroutetowealth,andmanyathletesplayonlyformoneythanforlove.

Thishasnotalwaysbeentrue.IntheancientOlympicsthewinnergotonlyawreathofoliveleaves（橄榄叶花环）.Eventhoughthewinnersbecamenationalheroes,thegamesremainedamateurforcenturies.Athleteswonfame,butnomoney.Astimepassed,however,thecontestsbecameincreasinglylessamateurandcitiesbegantohireathletestorepresentthem.BythefourthcenturyA.D.,theOlympicswereruined,andtheyweresoonended.

In1896,theOlympicgameswererevived（使再度兴起）withthesamegoalofpureamateurcompetition.Therulesbarathleteswhohaveeverreceiveda$50prizeoranathleticscholarsorwhohavespentfourweeksinatrainingcamp.Atleastonecompetitorinthe1896gamesmetthesequalifications.HewasSpiridonLoues,awatercarrierwhowonthemarathonrace,Afterrace,arichAthenianofferedhimanythinghewanted.Atrueamateur,Louesacceptedonlyacartandahorse.Thenhegaveuprunningforever.ButLoueswasanexceptionandnow,astheChairmanoftheGermanOlympicCommitteesaid,“Nobodypaysanyattentiontotheserules.”Manycountriespaytheirathletestotrainyear-round,andOlympicathletesareeagertoselltheirnamestocompaniesthatmakeeverythingfromskiequipmenttofastfood.

Eventhegamesthemselveshavebecomeahugebusiness.CountriesfighttoholdtheOlympicsnotonlyforhonor,butformoney.The1972gamesinMunichcosttheGermans545milliondollars,butbysellingmedalsymbols,TVrights,food,drink,hotelrooms,andsouvenirs（纪念品）,theymanagedtomakeaprofit.Appropriately,thesymbolofvictoryintheOlympicgamesisnolongerasimpleolivewreath—itisagoldmedal.

S1.Tomanypeople,sportstodayisnothingbutS1.________.

S2.Whatdomostathletesoftodaygoafter?

S2.________

S3.WhatrewardcouldanancientGreekathleteexpect?

S3.________.

S4.BythefourthcenturyA.D.,OlympiccontestsbecameincreasinglymoreS4._______，thusruiningtheOlympics.

S5.WhentheOlympicGameswererevivedin1896,athleteswhohadreceivedspecialtrainingincampswouldbeS5________.

S6.WhatdidSpiridonLouesdoafterheacceptedtheAthenian’sgift?

S6________.

S7.Accordingtotheauthor,someathletesareevenwillingtoadvertiseforbusinesseswhichsellthingslikeS7________.

S8.The1972MunichgamesmanagedtomakeabigprofitmainlybyS8

（1）_______servicesandsellingS8

（2）_____________.

（2）

Whatpersonalqualitiesaredesirableinateacher?

Ithinkthefollowingwouldbegenerallyaccepted.

First,theteacher'spersonalityshouldbelivelyandattractive.Thisdoesnotruleoutpeoplewhoareplain-looking,orevenugly,becausemanysuchpeoplehavegreatpersonalcharm.Butitdoesruleoutsuchtypesastheover-excitable,sad,cold,andfrustrated.

Secondly,itisnotmerelydesirablebutessentialforateachertohaveagenuinecapacityforsympathy,acapacitytounderstandthemindsandfeelingsofotherpeople,especially,sincemostteachersareschoolteachers,themindsandfeelingsofchildren.Closelyrelatedwiththisisthecapacitytobetolerant--not,indeed,ofwhatiswrong,butoftheweaknessesandimmaturityofhumannaturewhichinducepeople,andagainespeciallychildren,tomakemistakes.

Thirdly,Iholditessentialforateachertobebothintellectuallyandmorallyhonest.Thismeansthathewillbeawareofhisintellectualstrengthsandlimitations,andwillhavethoughtaboutanddecideduponthemoralprinciplesbywhichhislifeshallbeguided.Thereisnocontradictioninmygoingontosaythatateachershouldbeabitofanactor.Thatispartofthetechniqueofteaching,whichdemandsthateverynowandthenateachershouldbeabletoputonanacttoenliven（使生动）alesson,correctafault,orawardpraise.Children,especiallyyoungchildren,liveinaworldthatisratherlargerthanlife.

Ateachermustbecapableofinfinitepatience.This,Imaysay,islargelyamatterofself-disciplineandself-training,forwearenoneofusbornlikethat.

Finally,Ithinkateachershouldhavethekindofmindwhichalwayswantstogoonlearning.Teachingisajobatwhichonewillneverbeperfect;thereisalwayssomethingmoretolearnaboutit.Therearethreeprincipalobjectsofstudy:

thesubjectswhichtheteacheristeaching;themethodsbywhichthesubjectscanbestbetaughttotheparticularpupilsintheclassesheisteaching;and----byfarthemostimportant--thechildren,youngpeople,oradultstowhomthesubjectsaretobetaught.ThetwofundamentalprinciplesofBritisheducationtodayarethateducationiseducationofthewholeperson,andthatitisbestacquiredthroughfullandactiveco-operationbetweentwopersons,theteacherandthelearner.

S1.Plain-lookingteacherscanalsobeadmiredbytheirstudentsiftheyhaveS1.

S2.TheauthorsaysitisS2thatteachersbesympatheticwiththeirstudents.

S3.AteachershouldbetolerantbecausehumanstendtohaveS3

（1）andtobeS3

（2）.

S4.AteacherwhoisS4willbeabletomakehislessonsmorelively.

S5.Howcanateacheracquireinfinitepatience?

S5

S6.Sinceteachingisajobnoonecanbeperfectat,itisnecessaryforteacherstokeepimprovingtheir

knowledgeofthesubjectstheyteachandtheirS6

S7.Teachers'mostimportantobjectofstudyisS7.

S8.EducationcannotbebestacquiredwithoutS8betweentheteacherandthelearner

（3）

Formanywomenchoosingwhethertoworkornottoworkoutsidetheirhomeisaluxury:

theymustworktosurvive.Othersfaceaharddecision.

Perhapstheeasiestchoicehastodowitheconomics.Onehusbandsaid,“MargeandIdecidedaftercarefulconsiderationthatforhertogobacktoworkatthismomentwasanextravagance（奢侈）wecouldn’tafford.”Withtwopreschoolchildren,itsoonbecameclearintheirfiguringthatwithbabysitters（临时照看小孩的人）,transportation,andincreasedtaxes,ratherthanhavingmoremoney,theymightactuallyendupwithless.

Economicfactorsareusuallythefirsttobeconsidered,buttheyarenotthemostimportant.Themostimportantaspectsofthedecisionhavetodowiththeemotionalneedsofeachmemberofthefamily.Itisinthisareathathusbandsandwivesfindthemselveshavingtofacemanyconfusingandconflictingfeelings.

Therearemanywomenwhofindthathomemakingisboringorwhofeelimprisoned（被囚禁）iftheyhavetostayhomewithayoungchildorseveralchildren.Ontheotherhand,therearewomenwhothinkthathomemakinggivesthemthedeepestsatisfaction.

Frommyownexperience，Iwouldliketosuggestthatsometimethedecisiontogobacktoworkismadeintoomuchhaste.TherearefewdecisionsthatInowregretmore.Iwasn’tmatureenoughtoseehowmuchIcouldhavegainedathome.Iregretmyimpatiencetogetonwithmycareer.IwishIhadallowedmyselftheluxuryofwatchingtheworldthroughmylittlegirl’seyes.

Questions:

（注意：

答题尽量简短，超过10个词要扣分。

每条横线限写一个英语单词，标点符号不占格。

）

S1.Whichwordinthefirsttowparagraphsbestexplainswhymanywomenhavetowork?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

S2.WhydidMargeandherhusbandthinkitanextravaganceforMargetogobacktowork?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

S3.Whatarethetwomajorconsiderationsindecidingwhetherwomenshouldgoouttowork?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

S4.Somewomenwouldratherdohouseworkandtakecareoftheirchildrenthanpursueacareerbecausetheyfeel_____________.

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

S5.Ifgivenasecondchance,thewriterwouldprobablychooseto__________.

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

（4）

Asresearcherslearnmoreabouthowchildren'sintelligencedevelops,theyareincreasinglysurprisedbythepowerofparents.Thepoweroftheschoolhasbeenreplacedbythehome.Tobeginwith,allthefactorswhicharepartofintelligence—thechild'sunderstandingoflanguage,learningpatterns,curiosity—areestablishedwellbeforethechildentersschoolattheageofsix.Studyafterstudyhasshownthatevenafterschoolbegins,children'sachievementshavebeenfarmoreinfluencedbyparentsthanbyteachers.Thisisparticularlytrueaboutlearningthatislanguage-related.Theschoolratherthanthehomeisgivencreditforvariationsinachievementinsubjectssuchasscience.

Inviewoftheirpower,it'ssadtoseesomanyparentsnotmakingthemostoftheirchild'sintelligence.Untilrecentlyparentshadbeenwarnedbyeducatorswhoaskedthemnottoeducatetheirchildren.Manyteachersnowrealizethatchildrencannotbeeducatedonlyatschoolandparent