论语英文.docx

论语英文.docx

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论语英文

论语（英文）

confucius

　　1

　　themaster"isitnotpleasanttolearnwithaconstantperseveranceandapplication?

　　"isitnotdelightfultohavefriendscomingfromdistantquarters?

　　"ishenotamanofcompletevirtue,whofeelsnodiscomposurethoughmenmaytakenonoteofhim?

"

　　thephilosopheryusaid,"theyarefewwho,beingfilialandfraternal,arefondofoffendingagainsttheirsuperiors.therehavebeennone,who,notlikingtooffendagainsttheirsuperiors,havebeenfondofstirringupconfusion.

　　"thesuperiormanbendshisattentiontowhatisradical.thatbeingestablished,allpracticalcoursesnaturallygrowup.filialpietyandfraternalsubmission,-aretheynottherootofallbenevolentactions?

"

　　themastersaid,"finewordsandaninsinuatingappearanceareseldomassociatedwithtruevirtue."

　　thephilosophertsangsaid,"idailyexaminemyselfonthreepoints:

-whether,intransactingbusinessforothers,imayhavebeennotfaithful;-whether,inintercoursewithfriends,imayhavebeennotsincere;-whetherimayhavenotmasteredandpracticedtheinstructionsofmyteacher."

　　themastersaid,"toruleacountryofathousandchariots,theremustbereverentattentiontobusiness,andsincerity;economyinexpenditure,andloveformen;andtheemploymentofthepeopleattheproperseasons."

　　themastersaid,"ayouth,whenathome,shouldbefilial,and,abroad,respectfultohiselders.heshouldbeearnestandtruthful.heshouldoverflowinlovetoall,andcultivatethefriendshipofthegood.whenhehastimeandopportunity,aftertheperformanceofthesethings,heshouldemploytheminpolitestudies."

　　tsze-hsiasaid,"ifamanwithdrawshismindfromtheloveofbeauty,andappliesitassincerelytotheloveofthevirtuous;if,inservinghisparents,hecanexerthisutmoststrength;if,inservinghisprince,hecandevotehislife;if,inhisintercoursewithhisfriends,hiswordsaresincere:

-althoughmensaythathehasnotlearned,iwillcertainlysaythathehas.

　　themastersaid,"ifthescholarbenotgrave,hewillnotcallforthanyveneration,andhislearningwillnotbesolid.

　　"holdfaithfulnessandsincerityasfirstprinciples.

　　"havenofriendsnotequaltoyourself.

　　"whenyouhavefaults,donotfeartoabandonthem."

　　thephilosophertsangsaid,"lettherebeacarefulattentiontoperformthefuneralritestoparents,andletthembefollowedwhenlonggonewiththeceremoniesofsacrifice;-thenthevirtueofthepeoplewillresumeitsproperexcellence."

　　tsze-ch'inaskedtsze-kungsaying,"whenourmastercomestoanycountry,hedoesnotfailtolearnallaboutitsgovernment.doesheaskhisinformation?

orisitgiventohim?

"

　　tsze-kungsaid,"ourmasterisbenign,upright,courteous,temperate,andcomplaisantandthushegetshisinformation.themaster'smodeofaskinginformation,-isitnotdifferentfromthatofothermen?

"

　　themastersaid,"whileaman'sfatherisalive,lookatthebentofhiswill;whenhisfatherisdead,lookathisconduct.ifforthreeyearshedoesnotalterfromthewayofhisfather,hemaybecalledfilial."

　　thephilosopheryusaid,"inpracticingtherulesofpropriety,anaturaleaseistobeprized.inthewaysprescribedbytheancientkings,thisistheexcellentquality,andinthingssmallandgreatwefollowthem.

　　"yetitisnottobeobservedinallcases.ifone,knowinghowsucheaseshouldbeprized,manifestsit,withoutregulatingitbytherulesofpropriety,thislikewiseisnottobedone."

　　thephilosopheryusaid,"whenagreementsaremadeaccordingtowhatisright,whatisspokencanbemadegood.whenrespectisshownaccordingtowhatisproper,onekeepsfarfromshameanddisgrace.whenthepartiesuponwhomamanleansareproperpersonstobeintimatewith,hecanmakethemhisguidesandmasters."

　　themastersaid,"hewhoaimstobeamanofcompletevirtueinhisfooddoesnotseektogratifyhisappetite,norinhisdwellingplacedoesheseektheappliancesofease;heisearnestinwhatheisdoing,andcarefulinhisspeech;hefrequentsthecompanyofmenofprinciplethathemayberectified:

-suchapersonmaybesaidindeedtolovetolearn."

　　tsze-kungsaid,"whatdoyoupronounceconcerningthepoormanwhoyetdoesnotflatter,andtherichmanwhoisnotproud?

"themasterreplied,"theywilldo;buttheyarenotequaltohim,who,thoughpoor,isyetcheerful,andtohim,who,thoughrich,lovestherulesofpropriety."

　　tsze-kungreplied,"itissaidinthebookofpoetry,'asyoucutandthenfile,asyoucarveandthenpolish.'-themeaningisthesame,iapprehend,asthatwhichyouhavejustexpressed."

　　themastersaid,"withonelikets'ze,icanbegintotalkabouttheodes.itoldhimonepoint,andheknewitspropersequence."

　　themastersaid,"iwillnotbeafflictedatmen'snotknowingme;iwillbeafflictedthatidonotknowmen."

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　　themastersaid,"hewhoexercisesgovernmentbymeansofhisvirtuemaybecomparedtothenorthpolarstar,whichkeepsitsplaceandallthestarsturntowardsit."

　　themastersaid,"inthebookofpoetryarethreehundredpieces,butthedesignofthemallmaybeembracedinonesentence'havingnodepravedthoughts.'"

　　themastersaid,"ifthepeoplebeledbylaws,anduniformitysoughttobegiventhembypunishments,theywilltrytoavoidthepunishment,buthavenosenseofshame.

　　"iftheybeledbyvirtue,anduniformitysoughttobegiventhembytherulesofpropriety,theywillhavethesenseofshame,andmoreoverwillbecomegood."

　　themastersaid,"atfifteen,ihadmymindbentonlearning.

　　"atthirty,istoodfirm.

　　"atforty,ihadnodoubts.

　　"atfifty,iknewthedecreesofheaven.

　　"atsixty,myearwasanobedientorganforthereceptionoftruth.

　　"atseventy,icouldfollowwhatmyheartdesired,withouttransgressingwhatwasright."

　　mangiaskedwhatfilialpietywas.themastersaid,"itisnotbeingdisobedient."

　　soonafter,asfanch'ihwasdrivinghim,themastertoldhim,saying,"mang-sunaskedmewhatfilialpietywas,andiansweredhim,-'notbeingdisobedient.'"

　　fanch'ihsaid,"whatdidyoumean?

"themasterreplied,"thatparents,whenalive,beservedaccordingtopropriety;that,whendead,theyshouldbeburiedaccordingtopropriety;andthattheyshouldbesacrificedtoaccordingtopropriety."

　　mangwuaskedwhatfilialpietywas.themastersaid,"parentsareanxiouslesttheirchildrenshouldbesick."

　　tsze-yuaskedwhatfilialpietywas.themastersaid,"thefilialpietynowadaysmeansthesupportofone'sparents.butdogsandhorseslikewiseareabletodosomethinginthewayofsupport;-withoutreverence,whatistheretodistinguishtheonesupportgivenfromtheother?

"

　　tsze-hsiaaskedwhatfilialpietywas.themastersaid,"thedifficultyiswiththecountenance.if,whentheireldershaveanytroublesomeaffairs,theyoungtakethetoilofthem,andif,whentheyounghavewineandfood,theysetthembeforetheirelders,isthistobeconsideredfilialpiety?

"

　　themastersaid,"ihavetalkedwithhuiforawholeday,andhehasnotmadeanyobjectiontoanythingisaid;-asifhewerestupid.hehasretired,andihaveexaminedhisconductwhenawayfromme,andfoundhimabletoillustratemyteachings.hui!

-heisnotstupid."

　　themastersaid,"seewhatamandoes.

　　"markhismotives.

　　"examineinwhatthingsherests.

　　"howcanamanconcealhischaracter?

howcanamanconcealhischaracter?

"

　　themastersaid,"ifamankeepscherishinghisoldknowledge,soascontinuallytobeacquiringnew,hemaybeateacherofothers."

　　themastersaid,"theaccomplishedscholarisnotautensil."

　　tsze-kungaskedwhatconstitutedthesuperiorman.themastersaid,"heactsbeforehespeaks,andafterwardsspeaksaccordingtohisactions."

　　themastersaid,"thesuperiormaniscatholicandnotpartisan.themeanmanispartisanandnotcatholic."

　　themastersaid,"learningwithoutthoughtislaborlost;thoughtwithoutlearningisperilous."

　　themastersaid,"thestudyofstrangedoctrinesisinjuriousindeed!

"

　　themastersaid,"yu,shalliteachyouwhatknowledgeis?

whenyouknowathing,toholdthatyouknowit;andwhenyoudonotknowathing,toallowthatyoudonotknowit;-thisisknowledge."

　　tsze-changwaslearningwithaviewtoofficialemolument.

　　themastersaid,"hearmuchandputasidethepointsofwhichyoustandindoubt,whileyouspeakcautiouslyatthesametimeoftheothers:

-thenyouwillaffordfewoccasionsforblame.seemuchandputasidethethingswhichseemperilous,whileyouarecautiousatthesametimeincarryingtheothersintopractice:

thenyouwillhavefewoccasionsforrepentance.whenonegivesfewoccasionsforblameinhiswords,andfewoccasionsforrepentanceinhisconduct,heisinthewaytogetemolument."

　　thedukeaiasked,saying,"whatshouldbedoneinordertosecurethesubmissionofthepeople?

"confuciusreplied,"advancetheuprightandsetasidethecrooked,thenthepeoplewillsubmit.advancethecrookedandsetasidetheupright,thenthepeoplewillnotsubmit."

　　chik'angaskedhowtocausethepeopletoreverencetheirruler,tobefaithfultohim,andtogoontonervethemselvestovirtue.themastersaid,"lethimpresideoverthemwithgravity;-thentheywillreverencehim.lethimbefinalandkindtoall;-thentheywillbefaithfultohim.lethimadvancethegoodandteachtheincompetent;-thentheywilleagerlyseektobevirtuous."

　　someoneaddressedconfucius,saying,"sir,whyareyounotengagedinthegovernment?

"

　　themastersaid,"whatdoestheshu-chingsayoffilialpiety?

-'youarefinal,youdischargeyourbrotherlyduties.thesequalitiesaredisplayedingovernment.'